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| Clinical data | |
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| Pronunciation | /aɪˈsɒksjʊpriːn/ |
| Trade names | Duvadilan, Vasodilan |
| MedlinePlus | a682831 |
| Routes of administration | Oral (tablets) |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ~100% (humans),[1] 2.2% (horses; oral)[2] |
| Onset of action | 1 hour |
| Eliminationhalf-life | <3 hours (horses)[3] |
| Excretion | Mainlyrenal |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.272 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C18H23NO3 |
| Molar mass | 301.386 g·mol−1 |
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Isoxsuprine (used asisoxsuprine hydrochloride) is a drug used as avasodilator[4] inhumans (under the trade nameDuvadilan) andequines. Isoxsuprine is aβ2 adrenoreceptor agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle viaβ2 receptors.[5]
Isoxsuprine is used in humans for treatment of premature labor, i.e. atocolytic,[6] and as a vasodilator for the treatment of cerebral vascular insufficiency,Raynaud's phenomenon, and other conditions.[7]
Isoxsuprine may increase the heart rate, cause changes in blood pressure, and irritate the GI tract. It should therefore be used with caution if combined with other drugs that affect blood pressure, such assedatives andanesthetic drugs.
Isoxsuprine is most commonly used to treat hoof-related problems in the horse, most commonly forlaminitis andnavicular disease, as its effects as a vasodilator are thought to increase circulation within the hoof to help counteract the problems associated with these conditions. Isoxsuprine is given orally, and many horses find the pills quite palatable.[8] Isoxsuprine is a prohibited class B drug inFEI-regulated competition, and is often prohibited by other equine associations. It may be detected in the urine for several weeks or months following administration. It is therefore important to check the drug-rules within an animal's given competitive organization, before administering the drug.
Because it is a vasodilator, it should not be used in horses that are bleeding, or in mares following foaling.
