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Tivoli Castle (Slovene:Grad Tivoli), originally calledPodturn Manor (German:Schloss Unterthurn,[1]Slovene:Grad Pod turnom), is amansion inLjubljana, the capital ofSlovenia.
The mansion is located in the city'sTivoli Park (the part in theRožnik District), northwest of (and visible from) the city centre, at the foot ofRožnik Hill. It is the terminus of the Jakopič Promenade (formerly the Lantieri Promenade), itself the continuation of Cankar Street.
An alpine-style building called theŠvicarija (German:Schweitzerhaus 'theSwiss House', formerly the Tivoli Hotel)[2] stands behind the mansion. TheJesenko Nature Trail leads past it.
In the early 15th century, a tower stood in the woods above the site; it was owned by Georg Apfalterer, an ally ofDuke Frederick (later Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III). The tower was destroyed byFrederick II, Count of Celje in 1440, but was the source of the original name of the castle: GermanSchloss Unterthurn and SloveneGrad Pod turnom, both literally 'castle below the tower'.[1]
The current structure was built in the 17th century atop the ruins of a previousRenaissance-period castle, the mansion was initially owned by theJesuits, but came into the possession of theDiocese of Ljubljana following the 1773 suppression of the Jesuit order. Used as the bishop's summer residence, it was surrounded with orchards.
In the mid-19th century, it was bought by theAustrian emperorFrancis Joseph I, who in 1852 presented it as a gift to the veteran HabsburgmarshalJoseph Radetzky. Radetzky renovated the mansion in theNeoclassical style, giving it its present appearance, and spent much of his retirement in it with his wife Francisca von Strassoldo Grafenberg, a localCarniolan noblewoman.
Thefield marshalJoseph Radetzky von Radetz (1766–1858) contributed a lot to the arrangement ofTivoli Park.[3] There was a full-sizecast iron statue of Radetzky on display in Ljubljana on the steps in front of Tivoli Castle from 1882 till 1918. In 1851, it won a prize at theGreat Exhibition in London. Today, it is preserved by theCity Museum of Ljubljana. The statue's pedestal, however, remains at its original place.[4][5]
In 1863, the mansion was bought by the Municipality of Ljubljana, who used it as (among other things) a poorhouse, later subdividing it into condominiums. In 1967, it was again renovated and became the venue for theInternational Centre of Graphic Arts.[6]
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In 1864, the Austrian sculptorAnton Dominik Fernkorn created fourcast iron dogs,[7] still on display in Tivoli Park in front of Tivoli Castle. The dogs do not have tongues, and it has been falsely rumoured that Fernkorn committed suicide by shooting himself due to this mistake.[3]
'Cel svetje lahko sram...' ['All the World can be Ashamed']
46°3′17″N14°29′35″E / 46.05472°N 14.49306°E /46.05472; 14.49306