Tipperary Tiobraid Árann (Irish) | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Main Street, Tipperary | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Nicknames: Tipp Town, Tipp | |
| Motto: Irish:Creideamh, Tírghrá, Saoirse (Faith, Patriotism, Freedom) | |
  Tipperary Location in Ireland | |
| Coordinates:52°28′26″N8°09′43″W / 52.474°N 8.162°W /52.474; -8.162 | |
| Country | Ireland |
| Province | Munster |
| County | Tipperary |
| Dáil constituency | Tipperary |
| EU Parliament | South constituency |
| Elevation | 102 m (335 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 4,979 |
| Time zone | UTC0 (WET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (IST) |
| Eircode | E34 |
| Area code | 062 |
| Irish Grid Reference | R889358 |
Tipperary (/ˌtɪpəˈrɛəri/;Irish:Tiobraid Árann, meaning 'well of theAra'), commonly known asTipperary Town, is a town and acivil parish[2] inCounty Tipperary,Ireland. Its population was 4,979 at the2016 census.[1] It is also anecclesiastical parish in theRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly, and is in the historicalbarony ofClanwilliam. The town gave its name toCounty Tipperary.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1821 | 6,348 | — |
| 1831 | 6,972 | +9.8% |
| 1841 | 7,370 | +5.7% |
| 1851 | 6,816 | −7.5% |
| 1861 | 5,864 | −14.0% |
| 1871 | 5,638 | −3.9% |
| 1881 | 7,274 | +29.0% |
| 1891 | 6,391 | −12.1% |
| 1901 | 6,281 | −1.7% |
| 1911 | 6,645 | +5.8% |
| 1926 | 5,555 | −16.4% |
| 1936 | 5,384 | −3.1% |
| 1946 | 5,267 | −2.2% |
| 1951 | 5,148 | −2.3% |
| 1956 | 4,790 | −7.0% |
| 1961 | 4,684 | −2.2% |
| 1966 | 4,507 | −3.8% |
| 1971 | 4,717 | +4.7% |
| 1981 | 5,169 | +9.6% |
| 1986 | 5,209 | +0.8% |
| 1991 | 4,983 | −4.3% |
| 1996 | 4,854 | −2.6% |
| 2002 | 4,964 | +2.3% |
| 2006 | 5,065 | +2.0% |
| 2011 | 5,310 | +4.8% |
| 2016 | 4,979 | −6.2% |
| 2022 | 5,387 | +8.2% |
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In Irish,"Tiobraid Árann" means "The Well of Ara"—a reference to theRiver Ara that flows through the town. The well is located in the townland of Glenbane, which is in the parish ofLattin and Cullen. This is where the River Ara rises. Little is known of the historical significance of the well.[citation needed]
The town had a medieval foundation and became a population centre in the early 13th century. Its ancient fortifications have disappeared, often dismantled to be reused in new buildings. Its central area is characterized by wide streets radiating from the principal thoroughfare of Main Street.[citation needed]
Two historical monuments are located in the Main Street. One is a bronze statue ofCharles Kickham (poet and patriot). The other is theMaid of Erin statue, erected to commemorate the Irish patriots, Allen, Larkin and O'Brien, who are collectively known as theManchester Martyrs. The Maid of Erin is a freestanding monument; erected in 1907, it was relocated to a corner site on the main street in 2003. It is made of carved limestone. A woman stands on a base depicting the portraits of the three executed men. The portraits carry the names in Irish of each man. The statue is now situated on stone-flagged pavement behind wrought-iron railings, with an information board. This memorial to the Manchester Martyrs is a landmark piece of sculpture now located in a prominent corner site. The choice of a female figure as the personification of Ireland for such a memorial was common at the time.[4] It is a naturalistic and evocative piece of work, made all the more striking by the lifelike portraits of the executed men.[5]
Between 1874 and 1878, a largeBritish Army barracks was constructed in the town. The installation served as a training centre for soldiers duringWorld War I.[6] During theIrish War of Independence, the barracks served as a base for theBlack and Tans.[citation needed] The first engagement of the Irish War of Independence took place at nearbySolloghead Beg Quarry on 21 January 1919 whenDan Breen andSeán Treacy led a group of IRA volunteers in an attack againstRoyal Irish Constabulary members who were transportinggelignite.[citation needed]
On 30 September 2005,President of IrelandMary McAleese, in a gesture of reconciliation, unveiled the newly refurbished Memorial Arch of the barracks in the presence of several ambassadors and foreign emissaries,military attachés and town dignitaries; a detachment of theLocal Defence Force, the Number 1Irish Army Band and various ex-service organisations paraded. In a rare appearance, theRoyal Munster Fusiliers banner was carried to mark the occasion. The Arch is the only remaining porch of what was the officers' mess and has panels mounted bearing the names of fallen members of theIrish,American,British andAustralian militaries.[7] The Arch was renovated and maintained by the Tipperary Remembrance Trust.[8]
In 1888–89, tenants of the local landlord,Arthur Smith Barry, withheld their rents in solidarity with his tenants in County Cork. They were evicted. Led by Fr. David Humphreys[9][10] andWilliam O'Brien, they decided to build a new town on land outside Barry's control. The area now known Dillon Street and Emmet Street in Tipperary town was the centre of this development. It was built by local labour but with funds raised in Australia and the United States.[citation needed]
The high point was 12 April 1890, when a row of shops called the William O'Brien Arcade was opened, providing shops for some of the business people who had been evicted from the centre of the town. Eventually, compromise was reached, and the tenants returned to the 'Old Tipperary'.[11]
The town is situated on theN24route betweenLimerick city andWaterford city.
Tipperary railway station is on theLimerick toWaterford line and has two services a day toWaterford viaCahir,Clonmel andCarrick on Suir. Two trains a day also operate toLimerick Junction which has numerous services toCork,Dublin Heuston andLimerick and onward connections toEnnis,Athenry andGalway. There is no train service to/from Tipperary on Sundays. Tipperary railway station opened 9 May 1848.[12]
It is home toTipperary Racecourse, which is located atLimerick Junction. It has a large agricultural catchment area in west Tipperary and east County Limerick and was historically a significant market town. Today, it still boasts large butter making and milk processing industries. The town is sometimes erroneously believed to be the county seat; this honour belongs instead toClonmel.[citation needed]
Created by locals in an attempt to counter the association between Tipperary and war created by the songIt's a long way to Tipperary, the Tipperary International Peace Award, described as "Ireland's outstanding award for humanitarian work",[14] has been awarded annually by the Tipperary Peace Convention since the inaugural award toSeán MacBride[14] in 1984.[15] Among the other recipients areLive Aid founderBob Geldof[14] for 1985,[15] Irishsenator and peace campaignerGordon Wilson[16] for 1987,[15] formerSoviet General SecretaryMikhail Gorbachev[14] for 1988,[15]South African presidentNelson Mandela[14] for 1989,[15] formerUS presidentBill Clinton[14] for 2000,[15] formerNew York mayorRudy Giuliani[14] for 2001,[15]John O’Shea, founder of the charityGoal[16] for 2003,[15]Pakistani presidentBenazir Bhutto[14] for 2007,[15]US SenatorEdward Kennedy[14] for 2009,[15]Afghan human rights campaigner DrSima Samar[14] for 2010,[15] formerIrish president,Mary McAleese and her husband, senatorMartin McAleese[16] for 2011,[15]Pakistaniactivist forfemale education and youngest-everNobel Prize laureateMalala Yousafzai for 2012,[15] formerUS envoy to Northern IrelandRichard Haass for 2013,[16] the formerUN Secretary GeneralBan Ki-moon for 2014,[17] andColombian presidentJuan Manuel Santos for 2017.[18]
Mautern in Steiermark, Austria (since 2006)
Parthenay, FranceThe song "It's a Long Way to Tipperary", which became popular among theBritish military as a marching song, was authored byJack Judge, whose grandparents came from Tipperary, and Henry James "Harry" Williams.
The U.S. Army included a song byJohn Alden Carpenter called "The Home Road" in its official 1918 song book; it includes the lyric "For the long, long road to Tipperary is the road that leads me home".[19] A song of remembrance is "Tipperary So Far Away", which commemorates one of its famous sons,Seán Treacy; in an address to the people ofBallyporeen on 3 June 1984,Ronald Reagan, President of the United States of America, quoted a line from this song: "And I'll never more roam, from my own native home, in Tipperary so far away". There are other songs also with a Tipperary theme such as "Tipperary on My Mind", "Slievenamon", "Goodbye Mick", "The Galtee Mountain Boy", "Katy Daly" (an American song), "Tipperary", and "Forty Shades of Green", written byJohnny Cash.
Gary Moore's song "Business as Usual" tells about him and his love: "I lost my virginity to a Tipperary woman". OnSeventy Six The Band's 2006 releaseGone Is Winter, the song "Carry On" also states that it is "a long way to Tipperary".Shane MacGowan's song "Broad Majestic Shannon" includes the lyric "Heard the men coming home from the fair at Shinrone, their hearts in Tipperary wherever they go".
The 2013 Tipperary International Peace Award will be presented to Dr Richard Nathan Haass in Ballykisteen Hotel in Tipperary town today. The award from Tipperary Peace Convention will honour the work of Dr Haass "who played a very significant role in assisting the peace process in Northern Ireland".
Speaking after he accepted the Tipperary International Peace Award in Co Tipperary this evening...
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