Județul Timiș-Torontal | |
|---|---|
County (Județ) | |
 The Timiș-Torontal Prefecture building from the interwar period, now the Timișoara Art Museum. | |
 Coat of arms | |
 | |
| Country |  Romania |
| Historic region | Banat |
| Capital city (Reședință de județ) | Timișoara |
| Established | 1925 |
| Ceased to exist | Administrative reform of 1950 |
| Area | |
• Total | 7,600 km2 (2,900 sq mi) |
| Population (1930) | |
• Total | 499,443 |
| • Density | 66/km2 (170/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Timiș-Torontal was a county (Romanian:județ) in theKingdom of Romania. Its capital wasTimișoara. The territory of the county had been transferred to Romania in 1920 from theKingdom of Hungary under theTreaty of Trianon.
Timiș-Torontal County covered 7,600 km2 and was located in western part ofGreater Romania, in theBanat. Currently, the territory that comprised Timiș-Torontal County is now mostly part ofTimiș County except for the eastern part, the areas aroundLugoj andFăget, which are inArad County.
On 27 July 1919, the first prefect of Timiș, appointed by the Royal Romanian authorities,Aurel Cosma, was installed. The Timiş-Torontal County included the parts of the former countiesTemes andTorontál which were awarded to theKingdom of Romania as part of theBanat. The new county was composed, in the first phase, until 1925, the districts (plăși): Buziaş, Centrală (Central), Ciacova, Comloş, Deta, Gătaia, Giulvăz, Jimbolia, Lipova, Periam, Sânnicolaul Mare, and Vinga.
On 24 November 1923, there was a border correction between Romania and theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (the forerunner of Yugoslavia). The villagesJimbolia (Croatian:Žombolj,Hungarian:Zsombolya),Beba Veche (Stara Beba, Óbéba),Cherestur (Krstur, Pusztakeresztúr),Ciortea (Csorda) andIam (Jám) were ceded to Romania, andMeda (Međa, Párdány),Modoș (Modoš, Módos),Șurian (Šurjan, Surján),Căptălan (Busenje, Káptalanfalva),Crivobara (Markovićevo, Torontálújfalu) andGaiu Mare (Veliki Gaj, Nagygáj) were handed over to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
In 1925 the Law of Administrative Unification was promulgated. The Timiş-Torontal District was divided into two urban communes (Timișoara andLipova) and 246 rural communes grouped in twelve districts. Subsequently, on 12 December 1926, a thirteenth district was established (Comloş or Comloşul Mare). The county neighboredCaraș County to the southeast,Severin County to the east,Arad County to the north,Kingdom of Yugoslavia to the west and southwest andHungary to the northwest.
In 1929 Timis-Torontal County was integrated into the 7th Ministerial Directorate, led bySever Bocu.[1] In 1938, Timiş-Torontal,Arad County,Caraș County,Severin County andHunedoara County were merged into the newly foundedȚinutul Timiș. The counties were re-established in the 1940 administrative reform, only for Timiş-Torontal County to be disbanded with the administrative reform of 6 September 1950.
Administratively, Timiș-Torontal County was originally divided into ten districts (plăși):[2]
Subsequently, three more districts were established:
According to the 1930 census data, the county's population was 499,443, ethnically divided as follows: 37.6% Romanians, 34.9% Germans, 15.4% Hungarians, 5.8% Serbs and Croats, as well as other minorities.[3] From the religious point of view the inhabitants were Roman Catholic (48.6%), Eastern Orthodox (41.1%), Greek Catholic (2.8%), Reformed (2.5%), as well as other minorities.[4]
In the year 1930, the urban population of the county (the cities ofTimișoara andLipova) was 97,580 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 30.5% Germans, 29.3% Hungarians, 27.7% Romanians, 7.6% Jews, 2.2% Serbs and Croats, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population consisted of 52.1% Roman Catholic, 27.7% Eastern Orthodox, 9.9% Jewish, 5.0% Reformed, 2.8% Greek Catholic, 2.4% Lutheran, as well as other minorities.
