Timeline of the 2016 United States presidential election
The following is atimeline of major events leading up to, during, and after the2016 United States presidential election . The election was the 58thquadrennial United States presidential election , held on November 8, 2016. Thepresidential primaries and caucuses were held between February 1 and June 14, 2016, staggered among the 50 states,Washington, D.C. , and U.S. territories. TheU.S. Congress certified the electoral result on January 6, 2017, and the new president and vice president wereinaugurated on January 20, 2017.
August 3 – First presidential forum, featuring 14 Republican candidates, was broadcast onC-SPAN from theNew Hampshire Institute of Politics inGoffstown, New Hampshire [ 37] August 4 –Fox News announced which 10 candidates were invited to the first officialRepublican debate [ 38] August 6 – First official presidential debate, featuring 10 Republican candidates, is held inCleveland, Ohio [ 38] August 11 –Lawrence Lessig forms an exploratory committee for a possible run for president, stating that if he raised $1 million by Labor Day he would run[ 39] August 16 –Andy Martin formally announces his candidacy for the presidential nomination of the Republican PartyAugust 22 –Jimmy McMillan formally announces his candidacy for the presidential nomination of the Republican PartySeptember 6 –Lawrence Lessig ,Harvard University law professor, formally announces hiscandidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination[ 40] September 8 –John McAfee , antivirus software developer, formally announces his candidacy for president under the banner of the newly formed Cyber Party[ 41] September 11 –Rick Perry formally withdraws his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 42] September 16 – Second Republican debate is held inSimi Valley, California [ 43] September 21 –Scott Walker formally withdraws his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 44] September 30 – South Carolina finalizes ballot for primary; 15 Republican candidates qualify[ 45] October 13 – First Democratic debate is held inLas Vegas, Nevada at theWynn Casino [ 46] October 16 –Lawrence Lessig announces he is dropping his much-derided promise to resign after passing his signature legislation. He stated he would to serve a full term as president and would flesh out his policy agenda accordingly[ 47] October 20 –Jim Webb formally withdraws his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination[ 48] October 21 – Vice PresidentJoe Biden announces that he will not run for president in 2016[ 49] October 23 –Lincoln Chafee formally withdraws his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination[ 50] October 28 – Third Republican debate is held inBoulder, Colorado at theUniversity of Colorado [ 51] December 3 – The Republican Jewish Coalition Presidential Candidates Forum is held inWashington, D.C. [ 64] December 9 –Jimmy McMillan formally withdraws his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 65] December 15 – Fifth Republican debate is held in Las Vegas, Nevada[ 51] December 19 – Third Democratic debate is held inManchester, New Hampshire [ 51] December 21 –Lindsey Graham formally withdraws his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 66] December 24 –John McAfee , antivirus software developer, formally announces his candidacy for the Libertarian presidential nomination[ 67] December 29 –George Pataki formally withdraws his candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 68] March 1 –Super Tuesday Democratic primaries/caucuses: Republican primaries/caucuses: March 3 – Eleventh Republican debate is held inDetroit, Michigan [ 100] March 4 –Ben Carson formally withdraws hiscandidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 101] March 5 Democratic primaries/caucuses: Republican primaries/caucuses: March 6 March 8 Democratic primaries/caucuses: Republican primaries/caucuses: March 9 – Eighth and final Democratic debate is held inMiami, Florida [ 106] March 10 March 12 Democratic primaries/caucuses: Republican primaries/caucuses: March 15 Democratic primaries/caucuses: Republican primaries/caucuses: Marco Rubio formally withdraws hiscandidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 116] March 21 March 22 Democratic primaries/caucuses: Republican primaries/caucuses: March 26 March 29 – Republican town hall[ 121] April 1 – First ever nationally televisedLibertarian presidential debate hosted byJohn Stossel airs onFox Business Network (Part 1)[ 122] April 2 – Delegate count at the North Dakota Republican State Convention is won by Ted Cruz[ 123] April 5 Wisconsin Democratic primary won by Bernie Sanders[ 124] Wisconsin Republican primary won by Ted Cruz[ 124] April 8 – Part 2 of first ever nationally televised Libertarian presidential debate hosted by John Stossel airs on Fox Business NetworkApril 9 – Delegate count of the Colorado Republican convention is won by Ted Cruz[ 125] April 9 – Wyoming Democratic caucus won by Bernie Sanders[ 126] April 14 – Ninth Democratic debate is held inBrooklyn, New York [ 127] April 19 New York Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 128] New York Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 128] April 26 Democratic primaries/caucuses:Connecticut Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 129] Delaware Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 130] Maryland Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 131] Pennsylvania Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 132] Rhode Island Democratic primary won by Bernie Sanders[ 133] Republican primaries/caucuses:Connecticut Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 129] Delaware Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 130] Maryland Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 131] Pennsylvania Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 132] Rhode Island Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 133] May 3 Indiana Democratic primary won by Bernie Sanders[ 134] Indiana Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 134] Ted Cruz formally withdraws hiscandidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 135] May 4 –John Kasich formally withdraws hiscandidacy for the Republican presidential nomination[ 136] May 7 – Guam Democratic caucuses won by Hillary Clinton[ 137] May 10 Democratic primaries/caucuses:West Virginia Democratic primary won by Bernie Sanders[ 138] Republican primaries/caucuses: May 12 – Second nationally televised Libertarian presidential debate airs onRT America .[ 139] May 17 May 20 – Third nationally televised Libertarian presidential debate airs onTheBlaze .[ 141] May 24 – Washington Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 142] May 26–30 – TheLibertarian National Convention is held inOrlando ,Florida .Gary Johnson is chosen as the party's presidential nominee andWilliam Weld is chosen as the party's vice presidential nomineeMay 26 – Donald Trump officially passes 1,237 pledged delegates, the minimum amount of delegates required to secure the 2016 Republican presidential nomination[ 143] June 4 – Virgin Islands Democratic caucuses won by Hillary Clinton[ 144] June 5 – Puerto Rico Democratic caucuses won by Hillary ClintonJune 6 – Former secretary of state Hillary Clinton officially passes 2,383 pledged delegates, the minimum amount of delegates required to secure the 2016 Democratic presidential nomination.[ 145] June 7 Democratic primaries/caucusesCalifornia Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 146] Montana Democratic primary won by Bernie Sanders[ 146] New Jersey Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 146] New Mexico Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 146] North Dakota Democratic caucus won by Bernie Sanders[ 146] South Dakota Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 146] Republican primaries/caucusesCalifornia Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 146] Montana Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 146] New Jersey Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 146] New Mexico Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 146] South Dakota Republican primary won by Donald Trump[ 146] June 9 June 14 – Washington, D.C. Democratic primary won by Hillary Clinton[ 148] June 15 –Jill Stein reaches the necessary number of delegates for the Green nomination and becomes presumptive nomineeJune 22 – Libertarian presidential town hall hosted and aired by CNN[ 149] September 7 – Arrest warrants are issued forGreen Party presidential candidateJill Stein and running mateAjamu Baraka for trespass and vandalism during a North Dakota protest.[ 161] September 26 – First presidential general election debate between the two major candidates was held atHofstra University inHempstead, New York . (The first debate was originally going to be held atWright State University , but the location was changed due to rising security costs that were being incurred by the school.)[ 162] [ 163] [ 164] November 6 –James Comey tells Congress there is no evidence in the recently discovered emails that Clinton should face charges over handling of classified information[ 175] November 8 –US Election Day .[ 176] A shooting at a residential area near a polling place inAzusa, California , leaves one dead and three injured and some polling places in the city locked down.[ 177] Pre-6 p.m [ 178] 6 a.m. to 12 p.m: Polls open throughout the country, with the last beingHawaii , which opens up 12 p.m. EST (7 a.m. AHST).[ 181] 11 a.m: Donald Trump votes inNew York City .[ 183] 6 p.m 7 p.m 7:30 p.m 8 p.m The latest time to close the polls in New Hampshire.[ 191] The Eastern Time zone ofMichigan close their polls.[ 195] The Central Time zone of Florida,Texas ,Kansas ,South Dakota , andNorth Dakota close their polls.[ 186] [ 196] [ 197] [ 198] [ 199] Oklahoma ,Missouri ,Illinois ,Tennessee ,Mississippi ,Alabama ,Pennsylvania ,Maryland ,District of Columbia ,Delaware ,New Jersey ,Connecticut ,Rhode Island ,Massachusetts , andMaine close their polls.[ 200] [ 201] [ 202] [ 203] [ 204] [ 205] [ 206] [ 207] [ 208] [ 209] [ 210] [ 211] [ 212] [ 213] [ 214] 8:30 p.m 9 p.m The Central Time zone of Michigan close their polls.[ 195] The Mountain Time zones of Texas, Kansas, South Dakota, and North Dakota close their polls.[ 196] [ 197] [ 198] [ 199] Arizona ,Colorado ,Louisiana ,Minnesota ,Nebraska ,New Mexico ,New York ,Wisconsin , andWyoming close their polls.[ 216] [ 217] [ 218] [ 219] [ 220] [ 221] [ 222] [ 223] [ 224] 10 p.m 11 p.m November 9 12 a.m 2:45 a.m. Eastern time Donald Trump is the projected winner of the election, becoming president-elect. Morningtime November 23 –Jill Stein starts fundraising for arecount effort in Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.[ 235] December 19 – Theelectors of theElectoral College meet in their respective capitals and formally cast their ballots. Trump receives 304 electoral votes, Clinton receives 227. Sevenfaithless electors cast their votes for other candidates.[ 236] Election results by state [ edit ] Legend States won byClinton /Kaine States won byTrump /Pence EV Electoral votes † At-large results (for states that split electoral votes)
State or
Hillary Clinton Donald Trump Gary Johnson Jill Stein Evan McMullin Others Margin Total
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Ala. 729,547 34.36% – 1,318,255 62.08% 9 44,467 2.09% – 9,391 0.44% – – – – 21,712 1.02% – 588,708 27.73% 2,123,372 [ 238] Alaska 116,454 36.55% – 163,387 51.28% 3 18,725 5.88% – 5,735 1.80% – – – – 14,307 4.49% – 46,933 14.73% 318,608 [ 239] Ariz. 1,161,167 45.13% – 1,252,401 48.67% 11 106,327 4.13% – 34,345 1.33% – 17,449 0.68% – 1,476 0.06% – 91,234 3.55% 2,573,165 [ 240] Ark. 380,494 33.65% – 684,872 60.57% 6 29,829 2.64% – 9,473 0.84% – 13,255 1.17% – 12,712 1.12% – 304,378 26.92% 1,130,635 [ 241] Calif. 8,753,788 61.73% 55 4,483,810 31.62% – 478,500 3.37% – 278,657 1.96% – 39,596 0.28% – 147,244 1.04% – −4,269,978 −30.11% 14,181,595 [ 242] Colo. 1,338,870 48.16% 9 1,202,484 43.25% – 144,121 5.18% – 38,437 1.38% – 28,917 1.04% – 27,418 0.99% – −136,386 −4.91% 2,780,247 [ 243] Conn. 897,572 54.57% 7 673,215 40.93% – 48,676 2.96% – 22,841 1.39% – 2,108 0.13% – 508 0.03% – −224,357 −13.64% 1,644,920 [ 244] Del. 235,603 53.09% 3 185,127 41.72% – 14,757 3.32% – 6,103 1.37% – 706 0.16% – 1,518 0.34% – −50,476 −11.37% 443,814 [ 245] [ 246] D.C. 282,830 90.48% 3 12,723 4.07% – 4,906 1.57% – 4,258 1.36% – – – – 6,551 2.52% – −270,107 −86.78% 311,268 [ 247] Fla. 4,504,975 47.82% – 4,617,886 49.02% 29 207,043 2.20% – 64,399 0.68% – – – – 25,736 0.28% – 112,911 1.20% 9,420,039 [ 248] Ga. 1,877,963 45.64% – 2,089,104 50.77% 16 125,306 3.05% – 7,674 0.19% – 13,017 0.32% – 1,668 0.04% – 211,141 5.13% 4,114,732 [ 249] [ 250] Hawaii 266,891 62.22% 3 128,847 30.03% – 15,954 3.72% – 12,737 2.97% – – – – 4,508 1.05% 1 −138,044 −32.18% 428,937 [ 251] Idaho 189,765 27.49% – 409,055 59.26% 4 28,331 4.10% – 8,496 1.23% – 46,476 6.73% – 8,132 1.18% – 219,290 31.77% 690,255 [ 252] Ill. 3,090,729 55.83% 20 2,146,015 38.76% – 209,596 3.79% – 76,802 1.39% – 11,655 0.21% – 1,627 0.03% – −944,714 −17.06% 5,536,424 [ 253] Ind. 1,033,126 37.91% – 1,557,286 56.82% 11 133,993 4.89% – 7,841 0.27% – – – – 2,712 0.10% – 524,160 19.17% 2,734,958 [ 254] Iowa 653,669 41.74% – 800,983 51.15% 6 59,186 3.78% – 11,479 0.73% – 12,366 0.79% – 28,348 1.81% – 147,314 9.41% 1,566,031 [ 255] Kan. 427,005 36.05% – 671,018 56.65% 6 55,406 4.68% – 23,506 1.98% – 6,520 0.55% – 947 0.08% – 244,013 20.60% 1,184,402 [ 256] Ky. 628,854 32.68% – 1,202,971 62.52% 8 53,752 2.79% – 13,913 0.72% – 22,780 1.18% – 1,879 0.10% – 574,177 29.84% 1,924,149 [ 257] La. 780,154 38.45% – 1,178,638 58.09% 8 37,978 1.87% – 14,031 0.69% – 8,547 0.42% – 9,684 0.48% – 398,484 19.64% 2,029,032 [ 258] Maine †357,735 47.83% 2 335,593 44.87% – 38,105 5.09% – 14,251 1.91% – 1,887 0.25% – 356 0.05% – −22,142 −2.96% 747,927 [ 259] [ 260] ME-1 Tooltip Maine's 1st congressional district 212,774 53.96% 1 154,384 39.15% – 18,592 4.71% – 7,563 1.92% – 807 0.20% – 209 0.05% – −58,390 −14.81% 394,329 ME-2 Tooltip Maine's 2nd congressional district 144,817 40.98% – 181,177 51.26% 1 19,510 5.52% – 6,685 1.89% – 1,080 0.31% – 147 0.04% – 36,360 10.29% 353,416 Md. 1,677,928 60.33% 10 943,169 33.91% – 79,605 2.86% – 35,945 1.29% – 9,630 0.35% – 35,169 1.26% – −734,759 −26.42% 2,781,446 [ 261] Mass. 1,995,196 60.01% 11 1,090,893 32.81% – 138,018 4.15% – 47,661 1.43% – 2,719 0.08% – 50,559 1.52% – −904,303 −27.20% 3,325,046 [ 262] Mich. 2,268,839 47.27% – 2,279,543 47.50% 16 172,136 3.59% – 51,463 1.07% – 8,177 0.17% – 19,126 0.40% – 10,704 0.23% 4,799,284 [ 263] Minn. 1,367,716 46.44% 10 1,322,951 44.92% – 112,972 3.84% – 36,985 1.26% – 53,076 1.80% – 51,113 1.74% – −44,765 −1.52% 2,944,813 [ 264] Miss. 485,131 40.11% – 700,714 57.94% 6 14,435 1.19% – 3,731 0.31% – – – – 5,346 0.44% – 215,583 17.83% 1,209,357 [ 265] Mo. 1,071,068 38.14% – 1,594,511 56.77% 10 97,359 3.47% – 25,419 0.91% – 7,071 0.25% – 13,177 0.47% – 523,443 18.64% 2,808,605 [ 266] Mont. 177,709 35.75% – 279,240 56.17% 3 28,037 5.64% – 7,970 1.60% – 2,297 0.46% – 1,894 0.38% – 101,531 20.42% 497,147 [ 267] [ 268] Nebr. †284,494 33.70% – 495,961 58.75% 2 38,946 4.61% – 8,775 1.04% – – – – 16,051 1.90% – 211,467 25.05% 844,227 [ 269] NE-1 Tooltip Nebraska's 1st congressional district 100,126 35.46% – 158,626 56.18% 1 14,031 4.97% – 3,374 1.19% – – – – 6,181 2.19% – 58,500 20.72% 282,338 NE-2 Tooltip Nebraska's 2nd congressional district 131,030 44.92% – 137,564 47.16% 1 13,245 4.54% – 3,347 1.15% – – – – 6,494 2.23% – 6,534 2.24% 291,680 NE-3 Tooltip Nebraska's 3rd congressional district 53,290 19.73% – 199,657 73.92% 1 11,657 4.32% – 2,054 0.76% – – – – 3,451 1.28% – 146,367 54.19% 270,109 Nev. 539,260 47.50% 6 512,058 45.98% – 37,384 3.29% – – – – – – – 36,683 3.23% – −27,202 −2.42% 1,125,385 [ 270] N.H. 348,526 46.98% 4 345,790 46.61% – 30,777 4.15% – 6,496 0.88% – 1,064 0.14% – 11,643 1.24% – −2,736 −0.37% 744,296 [ 271] N.J. 2,148,278 55.45% 14 1,601,933 41.35% – 72,477 1.87% – 37,772 0.98% – – – – 13,586 0.35% – −546,345 −14.10% 3,874,046 [ 272] N.M. 385,234 48.26% 5 319,667 40.04% – 74,541 9.34% – 9,879 1.24% – 5,825 0.73% – 3,173 0.40% – −65,567 −8.21% 798,319 [ 273] N.Y. 4,556,124 59.01% 29 2,819,534 36.52% – 176,598 2.29% – 107,934 1.40% – 10,373 0.13% – 50,890 0.66% – −1,736,590 −22.49% 7,721,453 [ 274] N.C. 2,189,316 46.17% – 2,362,631 49.83% 15 130,126 2.74% – 12,105 0.26% – – – – 47,386 1.00% – 173,315 3.66% 4,741,564 [ 275] N.D. 93,758 27.23% – 216,794 62.96% 3 21,434 6.22% – 3,780 1.10% – – – – 8,594 2.49% – 123,036 35.73% 344,360 [ 276] Ohio 2,394,164 43.56% – 2,841,005 51.69% 18 174,498 3.17% – 46,271 0.84% – 12,574 0.23% – 27,975 0.51% – 446,841 8.13% 5,496,487 [ 277] Okla. 420,375 28.93% – 949,136 65.32% 7 83,481 5.75% – – – – – – – – – – 528,761 37.08% 1,452,992 [ 278] Ore. 1,002,106 50.07% 7 782,403 39.09% – 94,231 4.71% – 50,002 2.50% – – – – 72,594 3.63% – −219,703 −10.98% 2,001,336 [ 279] Pa. 2,926,441 47.46% – 2,970,733 48.18% 20 146,715 2.38% – 49,941 0.81% – 6,472 0.11% – 65,176 1.06% – 44,292 0.72% 6,165,478 [ 280] R.I. 252,525 54.41% 4 180,543 38.90% – 14,746 3.18% – 6,220 1.34% – 516 0.11% – 9,594 2.07% – −71,982 −15.51% 464,144 [ 281] S.C. 855,373 40.67% – 1,155,389 54.94% 9 49,204 2.34% – 13,034 0.62% – 21,016 1.00% – 9,011 0.43% – 300,016 14.27% 2,103,027 [ 282] S.D. 117,458 31.74% – 227,721 61.53% 3 20,850 5.63% – – – – – – – 4,064 1.10% – 110,263 29.79% 370,093 [ 283] Tenn. 870,695 34.72% – 1,522,925 60.72% 11 70,397 2.81% – 15,993 0.64% – 11,991 0.48% – 16,026 0.64% – 652,230 26.01% 2,508,027 [ 284] Texas 3,877,868 43.24% – 4,685,047 52.23% 36 283,492 3.16% – 71,558 0.80% – 42,366 0.47% – 8,895 0.10% 2 807,179 8.99% 8,969,226 [ 285] Utah 310,676 27.46% – 515,231 45.54% 6 39,608 3.50% – 9,438 0.83% – 243,690 21.54% – 12,787 1.13% – 204,555 18.08% 1,131,430 [ 286] Vt. 178,573 56.68% 3 95,369 30.27% – 10,078 3.20% – 6,758 2.14% – 639 0.20% – 23,650 7.51% – −83,204 −26.41% 315,067 [ 287] Va. 1,981,473 49.73% 13 1,769,443 44.41% – 118,274 2.97% – 27,638 0.69% – 54,054 1.36% – 33,749 0.85% – −212,030 −5.32% 3,984,631 [ 288] Wash. 1,742,718 52.54% 8 1,221,747 36.83% – 160,879 4.85% – 58,417 1.76% – – – – 133,258 4.02% 4 −520,971 −15.71% 3,317,019 [ 289] W.Va. 188,794 26.43% – 489,371 68.50% 5 23,004 3.22% – 8,075 1.13% – 1,104 0.15% – 4,075 0.57% – 300,577 42.07% 714,423 [ 290] Wis. 1,382,536 46.45% – 1,405,284 47.22% 10 106,674 3.58% – 31,072 1.04% – 11,855 0.40% – 38,729 1.30% – 22,748 0.77% 2,976,150 [ 291] Wyo. 55,973 21.63% – 174,419 67.40% 3 13,287 5.13% – 2,515 0.97% – – – – 9,655 3.73% – 118,446 46.30% 255,849 [ 292] Total 65,853,514 48.18% 227 62,984,828 46.09% 304 4,489,341 3.28% – 1,457,218 1.07% – 731,991 0.54% – 1,154,084 0.84% 7 −2,868,686 −2.10% 136,669,276
Hillary Clinton Donald Trump Gary Johnson Jill Stein Evan McMullin Others Margin Total
★ Two states (Maine and Nebraska) allow for their electoral votes to be split between candidates. The winner within each congressional district gets one electoral vote for the district. The winner of the statewide vote gets two additional electoral votes.[ 293] [ 294] [ 295]
Election campaign 2016 candidate participation timeline [ edit ] Candidate announcement and, if applicable, withdrawal dates are as follows:
^ Haberman, Maggie (November 20, 2014)."Jim Webb launches 2016 committee" .Politico . RetrievedOctober 24, 2015 . ^ "A Note from Jeb Bush" . Facebook.com. RetrievedOctober 24, 2015 .^ Miller, Zeke J. (January 26, 2015)."Chris Christie Launches PAC in Preparation for 2016 Presidential Run" .TIME .com. RetrievedNovember 7, 2015 . ^ "O'Malley Adds to his PAC Ahead of Possible 2016 Run" .WBOC-TV . January 27, 2015. RetrievedNovember 7, 2015 .^ Kellman, Laurie (March 31, 2015)."Lindsey Graham Explores 2016 GOP Presidential Run" .The Huffington Post . RetrievedNovember 7, 2015 . ^ Jaffe, Alexandra; Bash, Dana; King, John (January 30, 2015)."Mitt Romney will not run in 2016" .CNN .com. RetrievedNovember 5, 2015 . ^ Stracqualursi, Veronica (February 9, 2015)."11 Questions for George Pataki, Potential 2016 Presidential Candidate" .ABC News . RetrievedNovember 7, 2015 . ^ Jaffe, Alexandra (March 2, 2015)."Ben Carson launches exploratory committee" .CNN .com. RetrievedNovember 7, 2015 . ^ Dinan, Stephen (March 5, 2015)."Mark Everson, former Reagan & Bush aide, launches GOP White House bid on pro-amnesty platform" .The Washington Times . RetrievedJuly 11, 2015 . ^ Diamond, Jeremy (March 18, 2015)."Donald Trump launches presidential exploratory committee" .CNN .com. RetrievedNovember 7, 2015 . ^ Mascaro, Lisa & Lauter, David (March 22, 2015)."Texas Republican Sen. Ted Cruz Launches Presidential Bid" .Los Angeles Times . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Killough, Ashley (April 7, 2015)."Rand Paul: 'I am running for president' . CNN. RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ "Lincoln Chafee Considers Run For 2016 Democratic Presidential Nomination | Rhode Island Public Radio" . Ripr.org. April 9, 2015. RetrievedOctober 24, 2015 .^ Miller, Jake (April 9, 2015)."Eyeing a 2016 bid, Rick Santorum forms "testing the waters" account" .CBS News . RetrievedNovember 10, 2015 . ^ Karni, Annie (July 7, 2015)."Hillary Clinton formally announces 2016 run" .Politico . RetrievedApril 18, 2015 . ^ Parker, Ashley (April 13, 2015)."Marco Rubio Announces 2016 Presidential Bid" .The New York Times . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Rappeport, Alan (April 30, 2015)."Bernie Sanders Announces He Is Running for President" .The New York Times . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Gass, Nick (May 4, 2015)."Carly Fiorina: 'Yes, I am running for president' .Politico . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Rafferty, Andrew (May 4, 2015)."Ben Carson Announces 2016 Run" .NBCNews.com . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Trip, Gabriel (May 5, 2015)."Mike Huckabee Joins Republican Presidential Race" .New York Times . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Jackson, David (May 27, 2015)."Santorum officially begins 2016 presidential campaign" .USA Today . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Fahrenthold, David A. (May 28, 2015)."George Pataki announces presidential campaign" .The Washington Post . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Jackson, David & Cooper, Allen (May 30, 2015)."Martin O'Malley jumps into presidential race" .USA Today . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Eun Kyung Kim (March 31, 2015)."Elizabeth Warren on 2016: 'I'm not going to run' – and Hillary Clinton deserves 'a chance to decide' . TODAY.com. RetrievedOctober 24, 2015 . ^ Jaffe, Alexandra (June 1, 2015)"Graham bets on foreign experience in White House bid announcement" ,CNN . Retrieved July 7, 2015 ^ DelReal, Jose A. (June 3, 2015)."Lincoln Chafee announces long-shot presidential bid" .The Washington Post . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Beckwith, Ryan Teague; Rhodan, Maya (June 4, 2015)."Rick Perry Announces Presidential Bid" .Time . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Rafferty, Andrew (June 15, 2015)."Jeb Bush Makes 2016 Run Official" .NBC News . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ DelReal, Jose (June 16, 2015)."Donald Trump announces presidential bid" .Washington Post . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ "Exclusive: Green Party's Jill Stein Announces She Is Running for President on Democracy Now!" .democracynow.org . June 2015. RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 .^ Fahrenthold, David A.; Hohmann, James (June 24, 2015)."Bobby Jindal announces entry into 2016 presidential race" .The Washington Post . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Barbaro, Michael (June 30, 2015)."Chris Christie Announces Run, Pledging 'Truth' About Nation's Woes" .New York Times . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Catanese, David (July 2, 2015)."Jim Webb Announces For President" .U.S. News & World Report . RetrievedJuly 7, 2015 . ^ Burlij, Terence; Lee, MJ; LoBianco, Tom (July 13, 2015)."Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker officially enters 2016 presidential race" . CNN.com. RetrievedJuly 13, 2015 . ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (July 21, 2015)."John Kasich Enters Crowded 2016 Race Facing Job of Catch-Up" .The New York Times . RetrievedJuly 23, 2015 . ^ Allen, Cooper (July 30, 2015)."Jim Gilmore formally joins GOP presidential race" .USA Today . RetrievedJuly 30, 2015 . ^ "GOP Hopefuls Meet for Presidential Forum in N.H." NECN .com. RetrievedAugust 4, 2015 .^a b Haberman, Maggie (August 4, 2015)."John Kasich Is In, Rick Perry Is Out in First Republican Debate" .The New York Times . RetrievedAugust 4, 2015 . ^ "Why I Want to Run | Lawrence Lessig" . Huffingtonpost.com. RetrievedOctober 24, 2015 .^ Meyer, Theodoric (September 6, 2015)."Lessig: I'm running for president" .Politico . RetrievedSeptember 8, 2015 . ^ "John McAfee announces he's running for President" . CNN. September 8, 2015. RetrievedSeptember 9, 2015 .^ Schleifer, Theodore (September 11, 2015)."Rick Perry drops out of presidential race" . CNN. RetrievedSeptember 13, 2015 . ^ Beckwith, Ryan Teague (September 18, 2015)."Transcript: Read the Full Text of the Second Republican Debate" .Time . RetrievedSeptember 22, 2015 . ^ Holland, Steve; Stephenson, Emily (September 21, 2015)."Republican Walker exits 2016 presidential race" .Reuters . RetrievedSeptember 22, 2015 . ^ "Republican candidates file for president in South Carolina - FOX Carolina 21" . 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Archived fromthe original (PDF) on December 20, 2016. RetrievedDecember 10, 2016 .^ "Official Report of the Board of State Canvassers" (PDF) . Nebraska Secretary of State. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on December 20, 2016. RetrievedDecember 7, 2016 .^ "Silver State Election Night Results" . Nevada Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 4, 2016 .^ "President of the United States—2016 General Election" . New Hampshire Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 2, 2016 .^ "Candidates for President—For General Election 11/08/2016" (PDF) . State of New Jersey Department of State. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on January 7, 2017. RetrievedDecember 8, 2016 .^ "Official Results General Election" . New Mexico Secretary of State. November 25, 2016. RetrievedDecember 12, 2016 .^ "New York State General Election Official Results" (PDF) . New York State Board of Elections. RetrievedDecember 25, 2016 .^ "Official General Election Results—Statewide" . North Carolina State Board of Elections. RetrievedDecember 2, 2016 .^ "Official Results General Election—North Dakota" . RetrievedNovember 18, 2016 .^ "Ohio State Election Board—Official Results" . RetrievedDecember 7, 2016 .^ "Oklahoma State Election Board—Official Results" . RetrievedNovember 17, 2016 .^ "November 8, 2016, General Election Abstract of Votes" . Oregon Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 10, 2016 .^ "2016 Presidential Election" . Archived fromthe original on December 21, 2016. RetrievedDecember 13, 2016 .^ "2016 General Election—Presidential Electors For" . State of Rhode Island Board of Elections. RetrievedDecember 23, 2016 .^ "2016 Statewide General Election—South Carolina" . RetrievedNovember 16, 2016 .^ "South Dakota certificate of ascertainment" (PDF) . National archives. RetrievedDecember 17, 2016 .^ "State of Tennessee November 8, 2016 State General United States President" (PDF) . Tennessee Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 15, 2016 .^ "Race Summary Report, 2016 General Election" . Texas Secretary of State. RetrievedDecember 1, 2016 .^ "Statewide Federal Election Results" (PDF) . 2016 General Election—Statewide Canvass. RetrievedJanuary 29, 2017 .^ "Vermont US President and Vice President—Official Results" . RetrievedNovember 23, 2016 .^ "Virginia President and Vice President—Official Results" . RetrievedNovember 23, 2016 .^ "November 8, 2016 General Election Results" (PDF) . FEC Election Results. RetrievedMarch 23, 2017 .^ "Statewide Results" . West Virginia Secretary of State. Archived fromthe original on December 25, 2016. RetrievedDecember 7, 2016 .^ "County by County Report" (PDF) .WEC Canvass Reporting System . Wisconsin Elections Commission. December 13, 2016. RetrievedDecember 13, 2016 .^ "Wyoming Official Election Results" (PDF) . RetrievedNovember 16, 2016 .^ "State of Maine Certificate of Ascertainment of Electors" (PDF) . RetrievedDecember 18, 2012 .^ "Official Results of Nebraska General Election – November 6, 2012" (PDF) . RetrievedDecember 26, 2012 .^ "2016 U.S. General Election" . Associated Press. RetrievedNovember 10, 2016 .
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2016 U.S. presidential election
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