This is atimeline of architecture , indexing the individual year in architecture pages. Notable events inarchitecture and related disciplines includingstructural engineering ,landscape architecture , andcity planning . One significant architectural achievement is listed for each year.
Articles for each year (in bold text, below) are summarized here with a significant event as a reference point.
2019 –Notre-Dame fire 2017 –Apple 's new headquartersApple Park , designed byNorman Foster , opened inCupertino, California .2016 –MahaNakhon opens inBangkok ,Zaha Hadid dies.2015 –Shanghai Tower inShanghai , thetallest building in China andthe second-tallest building in the world , gets completed,Charles Correa dies.2014 –One World Trade Center opens inNew York City .2013 –Gran Torre Santiago is completed inSantiago .2012 – TheTokyo Skytree opens inTokyo , TheQueen Elizabeth Olympic Park is open inLondon for the2012 Summer Olympics ,Oscar Niemeyer dies.2011 –Al Hamra Tower , the tallest skyscraper inKuwait , is completed.2010 –Burj Khalifa became thetallest man-made structure in the world, at 828 metres (2,717 ft).2009 –CityCenter opens on theLas Vegas Strip inParadise, Nevada . This project is the largest privately funded construction project in the history of the United States.2008 – "Water Cube ", "Bird's Nest ",South railway station , and other buildings inBeijing , completed for the2008 Summer Olympics .2007 – Tarald Lundevall completes theOslo Opera House in Oslo, Norway.2006 – Construction begins on theFreedom Tower , on the site of the formerWorld Trade Center .2005 –Casa da Música opens inPorto, Portugal , designed by theDutch architect Rem Koolhaas withOffice for Metropolitan Architecture .2004 –30 St Mary Axe (also known as "theGherkin " and the Swiss Re Building), designed byNorman Foster , completed in theCity of London .2003 –Taipei 101 , designed byC.Y. Lee & Partners the world's tallest building from 2004 to 2010 istopped out .2002 –Simmons Hall dormitory, designed by architectSteven Holl , completed at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology .2001 –Jewish Museum Berlin designed byDaniel Libeskind opens to the public.2000 – TheEmirates Towers are both completed inDubai , TheLondon Eye is open inLondon .1999 –Jewish Museum Berlin , designed byDaniel Libeskind is completed.1998 –Petronas Twin Towers ,Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia , designed byCésar Pelli completed (world tallest building 1998–2004).Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art bySteven Holl opens to public.1997 –Guggenheim Museum Bilbao designed byFrank Gehry .Sky Tower (Auckland) completed.1996 –Oscar Niemeyer completes theNiterói Contemporary Art Museum in Brazil.1996 –Aronoff Center for Design and Art ,University of Cincinnati completed byPeter Eisenman .1995 –Steven Holl Architects begin construction of St. Ignatius Chapel atSeattle University .1994 – Building of theBasel Signal Box byHerzog and de Meuron 1993 – TheUmeda Sky Building inOsaka City, Japan is completed.1992 – TheBank of America Corporate Center inCharlotte, North Carolina is completed.1991 –Stansted Airport terminal building inEssex , England, designed byNorman Foster , is completed.1990 –Frederick Weisman Museum of Art ,University of Minnesota completed byFrank Gehry .1979 –Charles Moore designs thePiazza d'Italia inNew Orleans .1978 –United Nations City inVienna ,Austria is completed.1977 – TheCentre Georges Pompidou inParis , designed byRenzo Piano ,Richard Rogers andGianfranco Franchini , is opened.[ 1] 1976 – TheBarbican Estate , designed by Chamberlin, Powell and Bon, opens in theCity of London .1976 – TheCN Tower inToronto opens as the tallest freestanding structure on land.1975 – Completion of theSeoul Tower inSeoul ,South Korea .1974 – National Assembly Building inDhaka ,Bangladesh is completed.1973 – TheWorld Trade Center towers, designed byMinoru Yamasaki , are opened in New York.1972 – TheTransamerica Pyramid inSan Francisco ,California , designed byWilliam Pereira , is completed.1971 –Rothko Chapel inHouston, Texas , designed byMark Rothko andPhilip Johnson is completed.1970 – Construction begins on theSears Tower in Chicago, designed byBruce Graham andFazlur Khan (ofSkidmore, Owings & Merrill ).1959 –Frank Lloyd Wright 'sGuggenheim Museum inNew York City is finished after 16 years of work on the project.1958 – TheSeagram Building in New York designed by LudwigMies van der Rohe andPhilip Johnson is completed.1957 – TheInterbau 57 exposition inBerlin features structures byAlvar Aalto ,Walter Gropius and hisThe Architects' Collaborative (TAC), and anunité by Le Corbusier.1956 –Crown Hall at theIllinois Institute of Technology ,Chicago , designed by Mies van der Rohe, is finished.1955 – Completion ofLe Corbusier 'sNotre Dame du Haut chapel atRonchamp , France andDisneyland (the world's first theme park) inAnaheim , California.1954 –Louis Kahn finishes hisYale University Art Gallery inNew Haven, Connecticut , US.1953 – Completion of theUnited Nations Headquarters in New York by a design team headed byWallace Harrison andMax Abramowitz .1952 –Le Corbusier completes hisUnité d'Habitation inMarseille .1951 –Mies van der Rohe 'sLake Shore Drive Apartments completed inChicago .1950 –Eames House completed inSanta Monica, California , designed byCharles and Ray Eames .1939 – The 1939World's Fair in New York includes theFinnish Pavilion byAlvar Aalto and theBrazilian Pavilion byLucio Costa andOscar Niemeyer .1938 – Frank Lloyd Wright purchases 800 acres (3.2 km2 ) of land 26 miles away fromPhoenix , and begins to buildTaliesin West , his winter home, inScottsdale, Arizona , US1937 – Wright completes his houseFallingwater , atBear Run, Pennsylvania .1936 – Frank Lloyd Wright designs his monumental inward-lookingJohnson Wax Headquarters inRacine, Wisconsin , US.1935 –Cass Gilbert 'sUnited States Supreme Court Building is posthumously finished.1934 – Frank Lloyd Wright draws up plans for hisBroadacre City , a decentralized urban metropolis.1933 – TheBauhaus closes underNazi pressure.1932 – TheMuseum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York holds its exhibition on modern architecture, coining the term "International Style ."1931 – TheEmpire State Building , designed byShreve, Lamb and Harmon , becomes the tallest building in the world.1930 –William Van Alen completes theChrysler Building , an Art Decoskyscraper inNew York City , US.1929 –Barcelona Pavilion designed byLudwig Mies van der Rohe .1929 –Villa Savoye designed byLe Corbusier .1928 –Hector Guimard builds his last house in Paris.1927 – TheWeissenhof Estate , an exhibition of apartment houses designed by leading modern architects, held atStuttgart, Germany .1926 –Bauhaus Dessau building , designed byWalter Gropius , opened. Antoni Gaudí and Louis Majorelle die.1925 –Government House of Thailand , in Bangkok, opened1924 –Gerrit Rietveld completes theSchröder House inUtrecht .1923 – Le Corbusier publishesVers une architecture (Toward an Architecture) , a summary of his ideas.1922 –Monument to the Third International designed byVladimir Tatlin (unbuilt).1921 – Frank Lloyd Wright completes hisHollyhock House forAline Barnsdall inLos Angeles , begun in 1917.1920 – TheEinstein Tower inPotsdam , designed byErich Mendelsohn , is completed.1899 –Hector Guimard is commissioned to design the edicules for the ParisMétropolitain , which have become a hallmark of Art Nouveau design.1898 – Victor Horta designs his own house, later theHorta Museum .1897 –Hendrik Berlage designs hisAmsterdam Stock Exchange .1896 –Eugène Vallin completes his own house and studio inNancy (France ), which is the first of many Art Nouveau structures built there by the members of theÉcole de Nancy .1895 – TheBiltmore Estate , the largest house in the US, is completed for theVanderbilt family inAsheville, North Carolina .1894 – Louis Sullivan builds theGuaranty Building in Buffalo, NY, US.1893 –Victor Horta builds what is widely considered the first full-fledgedArt Nouveau structure, theHôtel Tassel , inBrussels .1892 – Birth of Modernist architectRichard Neutra .1891 –Louis Sullivan completes hisWainwright Building inSaint Louis .1890 – Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler build theAuditorium Building inChicago .1819 – Birth of English architectHorace Jones .1818 – Birth of American architectJames Renwick Jr. 1817 –Dulwich Picture Gallery in London is designed by Sir John Soane as the first purpose-built art gallery.1816 –Regent's Bridge , crossing theRiver Thames in central London, designed byJames Walker , is opened.1815 –Brighton Pavilion is redesigned byJohn Nash for the futureKing George IV .1814 – British troops burn theWhite House in Washington, D.C., gutting it completely.1813 – Death ofAlexandre-Théodore Brongniart .1812 – TheEgyptian Hall in London, designed by P. F. Robinson, is completed.1811 – TheUnited States Capitol , designed byBenjamin Latrobe , is completed. Birth ofGeorge Gilbert Scott .1810 –Old Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange , designed byJean-François Thomas de Thomon , is completed.1809 – Birth of city plannerBaron Haussmann .1808 – Construction begins on theParis Bourse , designed by Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart.1807 – TheTemplo de la Virgen del Carmen inCelaya , Guanajuato, Mexico is completed.1806 –Arc de Triomphe , Paris fromJean Chalgrin commissioned byNapoleon Bonaparte .1805 – TheEllesmere Canal , designed byThomas Telford , is completed.1804 – Completion of theGovernment House in theBahamas .1803 – TheRaj Bhavan inKolkata, West Bengal , India is finished.1802 – TheTemple of Saint Philip Neri inGuadalajara , Jalisco, Mexico is completed.1801 – Birth of Henri Labrouste.1800 – TheWhite House inWashington, D.C. is completed by team of clientGeorge Washington , plannerPierre L'Enfant , and architectJames Hoban .1799 – Death of French neoclassicistÉtienne-Louis Boullée .1798 –Karlsruhe Synagogue , usually regarded as the first building of theEgyptian Revival architecture , built byFriedrich Weinbrenner inKarlsruhe .1797 –Ditherington Flax Mill , inShrewsbury , England, the world's oldest surviving iron-framed building, is completed.1796 –Somerset House inLondon , designed byWilliam Chambers , is completed.1795 – Birth of English architectCharles Barry .1794 –Hwaseong Fortress inSuwon , Korea, begins.1793 –Old East , the oldest publicuniir John Soane's Museum .1791 –Brandenburg Gate inBerlin is completed1790 –1690s –Potala Palace is completed in Tibet.1690s – The city ofNoto , Italy, onSicily , is devastated by an earthquake (1693), and a rebuilding program begins in theBaroque style.1680s – Church ofLes Invalides , Paris is built byJules Hardouin-Mansart .1670s – TheRoyal Greenwich Observatory in London, designed byChristopher Wren is completed (1676).1660s –Louis XIV , with the architectJules Hardouin-Mansart , begins to enlarge thePalace of Versailles (1661); foundation stone ofPetersberg Citadel , Erfurt, Germany laid (1665).1650s – Completion of the churchSant'Agnese in Agone in Rome, designed by Borromini andCarlo Rainaldi .1640s – Borromini builds the churchSant'Ivo alla Sapienza in Rome.1630s – EmperorShah Jahan constructTaj Mahal inAgra , India.1630s – Borromini builds the churchSan Carlo alle Quattro Fontane in Rome.1620s –St. Peter's Basilica is completed inVatican City (1626).1610s – Mohammadreza Isfahani buildsNaghsh-i Jahan Square inIsfahan , Iran.1600s –33 pol bridge is constructed in Isfahan, Iran.905 –Aachen Cathedral consecrated (major renovations in the10th century ). 900s –Akhtala Monastery built, intended as a fortress.800s –880 – TheNea Ekklesia is inaugurated inConstantinople , setting the model for all latercross-in-square Orthodox churches. 848 –San Miguel de Lillo built in theAsturian pre-romanesque style ofSpain . 700s –Seokguram of Korea is constructed.605 –Anji Bridge , China, the world's oldest known open-spandrel segmental stone arch bridge, is completed. 600s –St. Hripsime Church, Echmiadzin , one of the world's oldest surviving churches, constructed.500s –Hagia Sophia built in its present form. Oldest known surviving roof truss inSaint Catherine's Monastery .495–504 –Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo , Ravenna.[ 3] 470 –Basilica of St. Martin, Tours .[ 3] 432–40 –Santa Maria Maggiore [ 3] andSanta Sabina in Rome.[ 3] 400s –Mahabalipuram , an ancient port city of south east India, constructed underMahendravarman I & his sonNarasimhavarman I of the Pallava Kingdom, Tamil Nadu, South India.391 –Serapeum of Alexandria is destroyed in a conflict between Christians and pagans. c.330 –Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls , Rome.[ 3] 325 –Old St. Peter's Basilica , Rome.[ 3] 320 – Construction ofArchbasilica of Saint John Lateran , Rome, begun using standards that will be followed in future basilica designs.[ 3] 315 –Arch of Constantine in Rome dedicated to theBattle of Milvian Bridge . 312 –Aula Palatina (Basilica of Constantine) atTrier , the brick audience hall, completed.[ 4] 307–312 –Basilica of Maxentius [ 4] and Catacomb of theVia Latina in Rome begun. 300s –Nalanda , an ancient center of higher learning, is built inGupta Empire in India.296–306 –Baths of Diocletian in Rome.[ 4] 262 –Arch of Gallienus inRome completed. 231 –Dura-Europos church inSyria , a house built c.200 converted into aChristian Church .[ 3] 224 –Dura-Europos synagogue one of the oldestsynagogues . 211 –Arch of Drusus in Rome completed. 203 –Arch of Septimius Severus in Rome completed. 212–16 –Baths of Caracalla in Rome.[ 4] 200s –200 –Pyramid of the Sun inTeotihuacan is constructed. 193 – Column of Marcus Aurelius dedicated inRome . 134 –Ponte Sant'Angelo across theTiber in Rome completed. 118–28 – Pantheon, Rome is completed, an early full dome.[ 4] 113 –Trajan's Column in Rome dedicated. 104–6 –Alcántara Bridge , aRoman multiple arched bridge over theTagus River in Spain. 82 –Arch of Titus in Rome an artifact from the 'Temple Period' and the beginning of theJewish Diaspora . 100s –Pantheon, Rome is completed.70–80 –Colosseum in Rome built under EmperorsVespasian andTitus . 60–69 –Domus Aurea in Rome begun. 52 –Porta Maggiore (Porta Prenestina) inRome built. A subterraneanNeopythagorean basilica nearby also dates to this century. 47–50 – Romans establish the city ofLondinium in Britain. 40 – Lighthouse atBoulogne built. 3 –Gungnae City ofGoguryeo completed. 1-99 BC –Vitruvius writesDe architectura (c. 15 BC). Expansion ofHerod the Great 's temple begins (c. 37 BC).Pont du Gard (c. 50 BC),Provence ,France .[ 4] Pons Fabricius , oldest functional stoneRoman bridge inRome , Italy (62 BC).Maison Carrée Roman temple is constructed (c. 16 BC).Mausoleum of Augustus is completed (28 BC).100s – Across theTiber in Italy:Ponte Milvio is the second bridge at this location (115 BC);Pons Aemilius is the oldest stoneRoman bridge inRome (126 BC).200s –Erechtheion inAthens completed (206 BC).Lighthouse of Alexandria inEgypt completed and is the tallest man-made structure in existence at the time (c. 246 BC). The city ofDjenné-Djenno is first occupied (250 BC).Colossus of Rhodes is completed (280 BC).300s –University of ancient Taxila , one of the first institutes of learning, is established.Mausoleum at Halicarnassus , one of theSeven Wonders of the Ancient World , is completed (350 BC).Alexander the Great founds the city ofAlexandria and plans its layout (331 BC). The city ofAntioch is founded (300 BC).400s – Completion of the final form of theParthenon inAthens (432 BC). Construction ofPataliputra (modern dayPatna ) in theMagadha empire (Indian Subcontinent ) begun (490 BC).500s – Construction of theTemple of Artemis inEphesus begins (c. 500 BC).Second Temple in Jerusalem completed (February 25, 515 BC). Work begins onPersepolis (515 BC).Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus completed inRome (509 BC).600s – Port city ofNaucratis is founded in Egypt (c. 625 BC). Massalia (modern-dayMarseille ) is founded (c. 600 BC).700s – According to legend, the city of Rome is founded (753 BC).800s –900s – The earliest Greek temple built atSamos with some timber framing based on theMycenaean megaron [ 5] ^ Fondazione Renzo Piano . Retrieved 2014-06-09.^ Guest, Ivor (1991).Dr. John Radcliffe and His Trust . London: The Radcliffe Trust. p. 149.ISBN 0-9502482-1-5 .^a b c d e f g h Calkins, Robert G. (1998). "2, Early Christian Buildings".Medieval Architecture in Western Europe, From A.D. 300 to 1500 . New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 14– 30. ^a b c d e f Calkins, Robert G. (1998). "1, Classical Antecedents".Medieval Architecture in Western Europe, From A.D. 300 to 1500 . New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1– 13. ^ Norwich, John Julius, ed..great architecture of the world: from ancient times to the present, with more than 800 diagrams, drawings, and photographs . 2001. 68.ISBN 0306810425 ^ Stonehenge#After the monument (1600 BC on)