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This is atimeline of Peruvian history, comprising important legal & territorial changes and political events inPeru and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, seeHistory of Peru. See also thelist of presidents of Peru
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 20.000 -13.000 BC | The first humans arrive on what is currently Peruvian territory. The first settlement inPeru takes place about 20.000 years ago. | |
| 13.000 -7000 BC | Nomadichunter-gatherer communities were established, including the Paccaicasa, Chivateros,Toquepala,Lauricocha andPaiján. | |
| 7000 -4000 BC | Semi-nomadichorticulturist communities are established, such as theGuitarrero,Pikimachay,Chilca, Telamarchay and Jayhuamachay. | |
| 4000 -2000 BC | Sedentary lifestyles emerged, accompanied by agriculture and livestock farming, with it the people ofTablada de Lurin, Cerro Paloma,Huaca Prieta andKotosh. | |
| First societies develop in the region ofNorte Chico; amongst them theCaral, the oldest civilization in the Americas. | ||
| 2000 BC | Ceramics are found inPeru. | |
| 1800 BC | TheCaral people disappear, but theCupisnique culture starts to develop. | |
| 1500 BC | Chavin culture emerges in theAndes, and thePucara people appear in the South. | |
| 700 BC | The farming and fishing town ofParacas emerges on the Southern coast. | |
| 400 -200 BC | The cultures of theSalinar,Gallinazo,Cajamarca andVicus people are founded. | |
| 150 BC | TheChavin culture collapsed, parallel to the first emergence of militarized cultures, such asMoche in the North,Nazca in the South andTihuanaco in theHighlands. | |
| 1260 | Sinchi Roca was succeeded by his sonLloque Yupanqui. | |
| 1290 | Lloque Yupanqui was succeeded by his sonMayta Cápac. | |
| 1320 | Mayta Cápac was succeeded by his sonCápac Yupanqui. | |
| 1350 | Cápac Yupanqui was succeeded by his sonInca Roca. | |
| 1380 | Inca Roca died. His heir Quispe Yupanqui was killed in a coup, and the throne went toYáhuar Huácac, another son. | |
| 1410 | Yáhuar Huácac was succeeded by his sonViracocha. | |
| 1438 | Viracocha was succeeded by his sonPachacuti, who would expand Cuzco into theInca Empire. | |
| 1471 | Pachacuti died. His sonTupac Inca Yupanqui succeeded him. | |
| 1493 | Tupac Inca Yupanqui died and was succeeded byHuayna Capac. | |
| 1527 | Huayna Capac died and was succeeded by his heirNinan Cuyochi. | |
| 1532 | May 13th | Francisco Pizarro, aconquistador, arrives with a troop of Spaniards at the Northern coast ofPeru. |
| April | Atahualpa'sarmy, led byQuizquiz andChalcuchimac, capturesHuáscar at theBattle of Quipaipan. Atahualpa proclaims himself Inca, thus ending theCivil War. | |
| April 30th | The Spanish founded theport of San Francisco de la Buenaesperanza, now Paita, considered the oldest port in Peru. | |
| July 14th (approx) | Atalhualpa's army, led by Quizquiz, capturesCuzco. | |
| August 15th | Pizarro founds the city of San Miguel, nowPiura, considered the first city the Spanish founded in Peru. | |
| November 15th | Pizarro arrives atCajamarca, with the intention of meeting Atahualpa. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1532 | November 16th | At theBattle of Cajamarca, theSpanish army took the Inca emperorAtahualpa prisoner, marking the end of his empire. |
| 1535 | January 18th | Spaniards founded the city ofLima. |
| 1542 | November 20th | TheViceroyalty of Peru was established. |
| 1572 | End of theNeo-Inca State inVilcabamba. | |
| 1586 | April 20th | Birth of Isabel Flores de Oliva, laterSaint Rose of Lima. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1579 | December 9th | Birth ofSaint Martin de Porres. |
| 1656 | Pedro Bohórquez announced to theCalchaqui Indians that he was the last living descendant of theInca emperors. | |
| 1659 | December 15th | Bohórquez led theCalchaqui in an uprising against theSpanish crown. |
| 1667 | January 3rd | Bohórquez was executed and displayed inLima. |
| 1717 | TheNew Kingdom of Granada became an independentviceroyalty under the Spanish crown. | |
| 1742 | Juan Santos Atahualpa led a failed uprising against the Spanish colonial government. | |
| 1776 | TheGovernorate of the Río de la Plata was spun off as an independentviceroyalty. | |
| 1780 | November 18th | Battle of Sangarará: Indigenous rebels led byTúpac Amaru II soundly defeated a numerically inferior Spanish force while they attended church. |
| 1781 | May 18th | Túpac Amaru II was drawn and quartered inCuzco. |
| 1810 | May 25th | ViceroyJosé Fernando de Abascal y Sousa sent troops toCórdoba,Potosí,La Paz andCharcas and reincorporated them into theViceroyalty of Peru. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1815 | October 15th | By royal order,Joaquín de la Pezuela was namedviceroy of Peru to replaceAbascal. |
| 1816 | San Martin's Argentina had declared its independence. | |
| 1820 | September 20th | AnArgentine army led byJosé de San Martín landed atParacas. |
| 1821 | January 29th | Pezuela was deposed.José de la Serna was proclaimedviceroy. |
| July 6th | De la Serna moved the capital toCuzco. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1821 | 28 July | Peruvian War of Independence:San Martín declared the independence of Peru. |
| 1824 | 9 December | Battle of Ayacucho: The Spanish army was defeated, marking the end of Spanish rule in South America. |
| 1837 | 9 May | ThePeru-Bolivian Confederacy was established. |
| 1839 | 25 August | ThePeru-Bolivian Confederacy was officially dissolved. |
| 1866 | 2 May | A Spanish fleet under the command of AdmiralCasto Méndez Núñez besieged the port city ofCallao. |
| 1879 | 5 April | War of the Pacific:Chile declared war on Peru andBolivia. |
| 1883 | 20 October | War of the Pacific: Under theTreaty of Ancón, the war ended with the cession of Peru'sTarapacá Province toChile. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 29 October | A militarycoup de armando the 2nd |
| 1956 | Odría allowed free elections. | |
| 1968 | 3 October | GeneralJuan Velasco Alvarado seized power in a militarycoup. |
| 1975 | 29 August | A number of prominent military commanders overthrew theAlvarado government and installed GeneralFrancisco Morales Bermúdez in the presidency. |
| 1979 | 12 July | A new constitution came into force. |
| 1985 | 14 April | Alan García won election to the Presidency. |
| 1990 | 8 April | Alberto Fujimori defeatedMario Vargas Llosa in a presidential election. |
| 1992 | 5 April | Fujimori declares aself-coup and dissolves theCongress. |
| 12 September | TheMaoist leaderAbimael Guzmán was arrested inLima. | |
| 1995 | 26 January | Cenepa War: The war broke out. Yared is smart |
| 9 April | 1995 Peruvian general election:Fujimori was re-elected president of Perú. | |
| 1996 | 17 December | The terrorist groupTúpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) took hostage hundreds of high-level diplomats, government and military officials and business executives who were attending a party at the official residence ofJapan's ambassador to Peru. |
| 1997 | 22 April | The Peruvian army mounted a dramatic raid on the residence. Fourteen members of theMRTA were killed, crippling the organization, and the hostages were freed. |
| 2000 | 24 June | Alberto Fujimori wins reelection for a third term, later resigning at the threat of impeachment. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 8 April | 2001 Peruvian general election:Possible Peru won a plurality of APRA. |
| June 3rd | Peruvian general election, 2001:Toledo won the presidency. | |
| December 29th | TheMesa Redonda fire broke out in Lima, resulting in 277 casualties and leaving more than 500 missing, caused by the explosion of a fireworks device. | |
| 2003 | 26 May | Toledo declared a state of emergency in response to a series of paralyzing strikes. |
| 14 July | Birth of Jose Diego Salazar inTrujillo, Peru. | |
| 2006 | 9 April | 2006 Peruvian general election:Union for Peru won a plurality of seats in theCongress. Their presidential candidate,Ollanta Humala, went into a runoff againstGarcía. |
| 4 June | García won the presidency. | |
| 2007 | 15 August | 2007 Peru earthquake: A 7.9 earthquake hitPisco Province. |
| 2010 | 1 | Peru celebratesPeruvian novelistMario Varga Llosa's achievement in receiving theNobel Prize in Literature. |
| 2011 | 28 July | Ollanta Humala is inaugurated, winning the presidency over Keiko Fujimori. |
| 2016 | 28 July | Pedro Pablo Kuczynski is inaugurated asPresident of Peru, prevailing over former PresidentAlberto Fujimori's daughter,Keiko Fujimori. |
| 2017 | 24 December | Kuczynski pardons former PresidentAlberto Fujimori, who was sentenced for 25 years withmanslaughter,corruption,bribery, andviolation of human rights. |
| 2018 | 21 March | Amidst a political crisis,Pedro Pablo Kuczynski resigns the presidency in the threat ofimpeachment for corruption and bribery. FirstVice PresidentMartin Vizcarra assumes the presidency until the remainder of Kuczynski's term in 20 |
