The following is atimeline of thehistory of the U.S. city ofDetroit, Michigan.

History of Michigan
By year Pre-statehood U.S. Civil War Since 1900 Topics:Cities -Politics
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• 1701 - Antoine de La Mothe Cadillac, accompanied by approximately one hundred fellow Frenchmen and an additional one hundred Algonquian Indians, established Fort Pontchartrain du Detroit on a site that is today in downtown Detroit.
  • July 24:Antoine de Lamothe Cadillac, with his lieutenantAlphonse de Tonty and a company of 100 men, establishes a trading post on theDetroit River under orders from the French kingLouis XIV. They named itFort Pontchartrain du Détroit, in homage to theCount of Pontchartrain, the Royal Minister of Marine.^[1][2][3]
  • Ste. Anne de Detroit Catholic Church is the first building built in Detroit, started within two days of Cadillac's landing.
• 1712 - Fort besieged byFox andSauk;Fox Wars begin.^[4]
• 1750 - Population: 650 (approximate).^[4]
• 1760 - British MajorRobert Rogers and a group of hisRogers' Rangers take formal command of Fort Detroit during theFrench and Indian War.^[5]
• 1763 -Pontiac besieges Detroit duringPontiac's Rebellion.^[4]
• 1778 -Fort Lernault built.^[3]
• 1783 - The area south of theGreat Lakes (including all ofMichigan) is ceded byGreat Britain to theUnited States by theTreaty of Paris that ended theAmerican Revolutionary War. However, the British kept actual possession.
• 1796 - Fort Shelby and all other British posts in Michigan are turned over to the United States under terms of theJay Treaty.Wayne County, containing Fort Shelby, was established as an administrative division of theNorthwest Territory.^[1]

• 1805
  • June 11: TheGreat Fire of 1805 burns virtually the entire city.^[3] The city's motto,Speramus meliora; resurget cineribus ("We hope for better things, it will rise from the ashes") dates from this event.
  • Detroit becomes capital ofMichigan Territory.^[3]
• 1806
  • September 13: City of Detroit incorporated by the territorial governing council.^[6]
  • Solomon Sibley becomes mayor.
• 1809 - February 24: Territorial governing council repeals the 1806 incorporation of the city.
• 1810
  • Methodist Episcopal Society formed.^[4]
  • Population: 770.^[6]
• 1812 - August 16: Detroit surrenders without firing a shot to a small British-Indian army under GeneralIsaac Brock in theWar of 1812.^[3]
• 1813 - September: British forces retreat from Detroit after theBattle of Lake Erie, and the city would serve as a base for the American invasion ofUpper Canada.
• 1815 - October 24: territorial governing council enacts the charter for the City of Detroit to be governed by a five-person board of trustees.^[1]
• 1817
  • Catholepistemiad (University of Michigan) established.^[5]
  • Detroit Book Store in business.^[7]
• 1818
  • Walk-in-the-WaterGreat Lakes passenger steamboat begins operating.^[5]
  • Detroit Mechanics' Society formed.^[8]
• 1824 - August 5: newly formedterritorial legislature reorganizes city government, creating theCommon Council and office ofmayor.
• 1828 - Capitol building constructed.^[4]
• 1831
  • Democratic Free Press newspaper begins publication.^[9]
  • Detroit Athenaeum active.^[10]
• 1832 -Cholera epidemic.^[6]
• 1833
  • June 14:Blackburn Riot.
  • Roman Catholic diocese of Detroit established.^[11]
• 1835 - June 29:State constitution adopted.^[5]
• 1836 - Municipal water works established.^[3]
• 1837
  • City becomes capital of thenew U.S. State of Michigan (until 1847).
  • University of Michigan relocated from Detroit toAnn Arbor.^[5]
• 1837 to 1838 - Small bands of self-proclaimed "Patriots", some operating from Detroit, invade Canada in thePatriot War.
• 1838 - Detroit-Pontiac railway begins operating.^[6]
• 1840 -Population: 9,102.^[12]
• 1843 - Michigan StateConvention of Colored Citizens meets in Detroit.^[13]
• 1845 -Detroit News begins publication.^[9]
• 1846 -Elmwood Cemetery established.^[14]
• 1848
  • State capital relocated from Detroit toLansing.^[6]
  • Saints Peter and Paul Church built.
• 1850
  • Temple Beth El congregation formed.^[15]
  • Population: 21,019.^[12]
• 1854 - "Rail connection between Detroit and New York City" begins operating.^[6]
• 1860 -Population: 45,619.^[12]
• 1863 - Anti-draft and race riot in Detroit.
• 1865
  • Detroit Public Library^[10] andDetroit Police Department^[16] established.
  • Michigan State Equal Rights LeagueConvention meets in Detroit.^[13]
• 1868 -Detroit College of Medicine founded.
• 1870 -Population: 79,577.^[12]
• 1871 -Detroit City Hall built.^[3]
• 1872 -Michigan Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument unveiled.^[3]
• 1877 -Detroit College (now the University of Detroit Mercy andU of D Jesuit HS) is founded by theSociety of Jesus.^[3]
• 1879 -Belle Isle becomes part of city.^[3]
• 1880 -Population: 116,340.^[12]
• 1881 - Future industrialistWilliam Boeing born.^[5]
• 1885
  • Detroit Museum of Art established.^[17][18]
  • Detroit College of Medicine active.^[3]
• 1887 -Detroit Symphony Orchestra formed.^[19]
• 1890
  • ReformistHazen Pingree becomes mayor.
  • "Free music in city parks" begins.^[4]
  • Population: 205,876.^[12]
• 1891 -Detroit College of Law established.^[3]
• 1893 -Palmer Park established.^[3]
• 1894 - Mayor "establishes vegetable gardens for the poor" ("Pingree's Potato Patches").^[6]
• 1895 - "Public lighting" begins.^[3]
• 1896
  • Charles Brady King becomes the first person to drive anautomobile in Detroit.^[20]
  • Ford Quadricycle created byHenry Ford.^[1][5]
  • Bennett Park baseball field opens.
• 1899 -Detroit Automobile Company in business.
• 1900
  • Population: 285,704.^[12]
  • Area of city: 29 square miles.^[3]

• 1900: At the beginning of the century, Detroit had 285,704 residents (13th largest city in the U.S.
• 1901
  • Detroit Tigers baseball team formed.
• 1902
  • Cadillac Automobile Company in business.
  • Wayne County Courthouse built.
  • Future aviatorCharles Lindbergh born.
• 1903
  • Ford Motor Company andPewabic Pottery in business.
  • Board of Commerce formed.
• 1904
  • Belle Isle Aquarium opens.
• 1907
  • Detroit auto show begins.
  • Area of city: 41 square miles.
• 1909 -Ford Building constructed.
• 1911:Chevrolet opens its first factory in Detroit. This was significant in the birth of Detroit as the center of theAmerican automobile industry, something that became huge in the city's economy and overall identity.
• 1912
  • Navin Field (baseball park) opens.
  • Dime Building constructed.
• 1913
  • 1913 Studebaker strike
  • Broadway-Strand Theatre in business.^[21]
• 1914 -Detroit Institute of Musical Arts founded.
• 1915 -Kiwanis Club founded.
• 1916: Large influx ofAfrican Americans into the city during theGreat Migration
• 1917: TheWorld War I Draft occurred. Known as theSelective Service Act of 1917, 24 million men between the ages of 18 and 45 registered to fight. This created many more jobs for African Americans in the city of Detroit as a lot of working men went off to war.
• 1918
  • 1918 influenza epidemic.
  • WW1 ends
• 1919 -Orchestra Hall opens.
• 1920: Detroit becomes the 4th largest city in America
• 1920s: All throughout the 1920s, patterns arose of whites beginning to define black neighborhoods by race. The 8 mile Wyoming colonie became a prominent arena for African Americans. White bureaucrats decided to erect a wall known as the"Detroit Wall" to segregate a black neighborhood in Detroit for real estate purposes.Paradise Valley also became a place that many blacks were confined to during this time.
  • 8MK radio begins broadcasting.
  • Color-codedtraffic light introduced.
  • Future athleteSugar Ray Robinson born.
  • Population: 993,078.
• 1921 -Detroit Historical Society formed. Organizations in the United States and Canada
• 1923: The Ford Motor Company andAfrican American churches align. During this time, due toHenry Ford's strong relationship with prominent Black ministers in the city, his company was the largest employer of African American workers in all of Detroit. Ford and church leaders worked together in the black community to employ thousands and prevent conflicts between black and white workers.
• 1924 - Ambassador cinema in business.
• 1925
  • Buhl Building constructed.
  • Ossian Sweet riots. A large crowd was protesting outside Ossian Sweet's house because they did not want him moving into their neighborhood. Rocks were thrown at his home and many windows were broken. Sweet responded by shooting into the crowd and was subsequently charged with murder.
• 1927
  • Detroit City Airport begins
  • Detroit Institute of Arts built.
• 1928
  • Detroit Zoo opens.
  • SkyscrapersFisher Building andPenobscot Building built.
  • EvansGliding Club formed.
• 1929
  • Ambassador Bridge construction completed.
  • Union Trust Building (skyscraper) built.
• 1930
  • Detroit-Windsor Tunnel construction completed.
  • Detroit'selectric streetcar systems peaks in size with 30 lines stretching over 534 miles.
  • Population: 1,568,662.
• 1932:Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Act was passed. This act served to form theFederal Home Loan Bank Board which supervised loan institutions and to lower the overall cost of home ownership.
• 1933
  • Formation ofHome Owners' Loan Cooperation (HOLC). Established as part of theNew Deal, this group mainly served to help refinance home mortgages that faced a risk of foreclosure due to the 1929 economic crash and the housing industry collapse.
  • Diego Rivera paintsDetroit Industry Murals in the Institute of Arts.
• 1934: Formation of theFederal Housing Authority. The FHA is responsible for setting standards for construction and insuring and underwriting loans made by various lenders.
• 1935
  • TheUnited Auto Workers labor union was founded. Ford was the first company to sign a contract with them, again showing the impact that the Ford Motor Company has had throughout Detroit's history.
  • Detroit Tigers baseball team win1935 World Series defeating theChicago Cubs 4 games to 2. The season was their 35th since they entered theAmerican League in 1901. It was the first World Series championship for the Tigers.
• 1936: 239 maps were commissioned by FHLB for the HOLC and the FHA. The FHLB determined which neighborhoods were safe for loans and which were not. This resulted in redlining and Blacks found it very difficult to get loans.
• 1937
  • TheWagner-Steagall Housing Act is passed. This provided a large amount of money forpublic housing.
  • Citizen's housing and planning council formed in Detroit
• 1939 - Future film directorFrancis Ford Coppola born.
• 1940 -Population: 1,623,452.
• 1941
  • A lot of war production was occurring
  • TheDavidson Freeway was built (the first urban one ever built in the U.S).
  • Exec Order 8802 (FEPC) - mandated non discrimination in the workplace (factories)
  • Electric streetcars run on Woodward Avenue every 60 seconds at peak times.
• 1942: Pickets at Sojourner Truth Housing
• 1943: - TheDetroit riot. A race riot, spurred by competition among black and white residents for wartime factory jobs, resulted in 34 deaths.
• 1944
  • GI Bill was passed.
  • Blacks had trouble buying property outside redline areas and couldn't get loans to buy within red line areas.
  • Future singerDiana Ross born.
• 1945 -Detroit Tigers won the1945 World Series.
• 1946 -Russell Kelly Office Service
• 1948:Shelley v Kraemer. The decision ruled that restrictive covenants cannot be enforced. However, it was ineffective to get people to stop using them because they didn't want their neighborhood to get a poor rating.
• 1949: Taft Ellender Wagner Act is passed. This resulted in more funding for public housing.

• 1950
  • United Auto Workers sign agreement with General Motors ("Reuther's Treaty of Detroit").^[22]
  • Detroit'spopulation reaches its height at 1.85 million.^[12]
• 1951 - Detroit celebrates its 250th anniversary with exhibitions, parades, lectures, entertainments, historical publications, new building construction and more.
• 1954 -City-County Building constructed.
• 1955
  • Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory on Belle Isle active.^[23]
  • Charles Diggs becomesU.S. representative forMichigan's 13th congressional district.^[24]
• 1956 - Electric streetcar service discontinued on Detroit's last line along Woodward Avenue.^[25]
• 1958
  • Wayne State University'sMcGregor Memorial Conference Center built.^[17][26]
  • The Spirit of Detroit statue is dedicated.^[27]
• 1959 - Pavilion Apartments built inLafayette Park.
• 1960
  • Motown Records in business.^[14]
  • Cobo Hall convention center opens.^[28]
  • Sister city agreement established withToyota, Japan.^[29]
  • Population: 1,670,144.^[12]
• 1961 -Jerome Cavanagh is elected mayor.
• 1963 -Great March to Freedom.
• 1964
  • November 21: Newspaperstrike ends.^[28]
  • Intermittent windshield wiper for vehicles invented.^[30]
• 1965
  • Wright Museum of African American History established.^[31]
  • John Conyers becomes U.S. representative forMichigan's 1st congressional district.^[32]
• 1967
  • July 23:12th Street Riot, one of the worstriots inUnited States history, begins on 12th Street in the predominantlyAfrican American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and 1,400 buildings burned).^[5]
  • Wayne County Community College established.^[28]
  • Fisher Freeway opens.^[14]
• 1968
  • October 10: AtBusch Memorial Stadium inSt. Louis, Missouri theDetroit Tigers won game 7 & won theWorld Series.
  • Focus: HOPE founded byWilliam T. Cunningham.
• 1970
  • Detroit Science Center founded.^[28]
  • Population: 1,511,482.^[12]
• 1973 -Coleman Young elected Detroit's first black mayor—a position he would hold for 20 years.^[33]
• 1977 -Renaissance Center skyscraper complex built.^[34]
• 1978 - January:Great Blizzard of 1978.^[28]
• 1979–1980 -Saddam Hussein makes large donations to a Detroit church and receives a key to the city. Hussein's relationship with Detroit began in 1979, when the Reverend Jacob Yasso of Chaldean Sacred Heart congratulated Hussein on his presidency. Yasso said that in return his church had received $450,000 from the formerIraqi dictator.^[35]
• 1980
  • Thenational economic malaise of the 1970s culminated in Detroit hosting theRepublican National Convention which nominatedRonald Reagan who stayed at theRenaissance Center while in Detroit. The Detroit convention kicked off Reagan's campaign to a landslide election.
  • Population: 1,203,339.^[12]
• 1984 - TheDetroit Tigers won the1984 World Series, defeating theSan Diego Padres in five games.
• 1987
  • August 16:Airplane crash occurs near city.^[5]
  • Pope John Paul II visits Detroit.
  • Detroit People Mover operations started. It was the first city and for a long time only railway transit in the city. Operations are driverless.
• 1988 - Bel-Air cinema in business.^[21]
• 1990
  • Nelson Mandela visits Detroit.
  • Population: 1,027,974.^[12]
• 1992 - November 5: Black motoristMalice Green dies after struggling with whitepolicemen Larry Nevers and Walter Budzyn during a traffic stop. The officers were later convicted and sentenced to prison. The convictions were overturned, but the officers were retried and convicted of lesser charges.
• 1993 -One Detroit Center skyscraper built.^[17][36]
• 1994 -Nancy Kerrigan isattacked in theCobo Arena shortly before the1994 U.S. Figure Skating Championships, which were taking place in Detroit. The attack renders her unable to take part.^[37]
• 1995 - July:Detroit newspaper strike of 1995–97 begins.
• 1996
  • November: Michigan votes to allow the operation of three casinos in Detroit.
  • Detroit Opera House renovated.^[28]
• 1997 - June:Detroit Red Wings ice hockey team wins their firstStanley Cup in 42 years.
• 1998 - City website online (approximate date).^[38][39]
• 1999 -Detroit Tigers play their final baseball game in classicTiger Stadium, which had opened in 1912.
• 2000
  • Comerica Park stadium opens.^[28]
  • Population 951,270

• 2002 -Detroit Lions football team begin play in the new, state-of-the-artFord Field, returning to downtown Detroit after 27 years in suburbanPontiac.
• 2003
  • August 14:Northeast blackout of 2003.^[28]
  • Sister city agreement established withDubai,United Arab Emirates.^[29]
• 2004
  • "Restored" Campus Martius Park opens in downtown Detroit. Featuring an ice-skating rink, it is the focal point of the city's new Winter Blast festival.
  • TheDetroit Pistons win theNBA Finals.
• 2005 -Comerica Park hostsMajor League Baseball'sAll-Star Game.
• 2006 - February: city hostsSuper Bowl XL, and in October, the Detroit Tigers, only three years after having a 119-loss season, defeat theOakland A's in theAmerican League Championship Series, winning the Penant. They then play in their first World Series since 1984, losing to their 1968 series rivals, theSt. Louis Cardinals, in five games.
• 2008 -Kwame Kilpatrick resigned his office as mayor effective September 19, 2008, after pleading guilty to two counts of obstruction of justice and no contest to one count of assaulting and obstructing a police officer.^[40][41] Kilpatrick was succeeded in office on an interim basis by City Council PresidentKenneth Cockrel, Jr.
• 2009 - Following a special election in May 2009, businessman and formerDetroit Pistons starDave Bing became the Mayor and was subsequently re-elected to a full term of office.
• 2010 - Population: 713,777.^[42]
• 2013
  • Michigan governorRick Snyder declares afinancial emergency and appointsemergency managerKevyn Orr for the city.^[43]
  • Detroit goes bankrupt, the largest ever in American history.^[44][45][46]
  • November: U.S. federal government grants $24,200,000 to hire firefighters.^[47][48]
• 2014 -Mike Duggan becomes mayor.
  • December: GovernorRick Snyder announced that Detroit had emerged from bankruptcy, and that he had accepted Orr's resignation as emergency manager, returning control of Detroit to its elected government.
• 2016 - June: CNU24, the 24thCongress for the New Urbanism, is held in Detroit. Congress focuses on the city's resurgence and legacy projects.
• 2017 - October: National Women's Convention held.^[49]
• 2018 - Bedrock Detroit, owned byDan Gilbert, announces a $900 million, two building project on the site of the formerJ.L. Hudson store (which once had the tallest retail tower in the world), including a 58-story tower.^[50]
• 2020 - Population: 639,111.

• History of Detroit
• List of mayors of Detroit
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit
• Timeline of Michigan history
• Othercities in Michigan:
  • Timeline of Ann Arbor, Michigan
  • Timeline of Lansing, Michigan

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• Detroit, Research Guides, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Library
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• Yves Marchand; Romain Meffre."Ruins of Detroit (2005-2010)". (Photos)
• Clarke Historical Library."Wayne County".Bibliographies: Michigan Local History. Mount Pleasant: Central Michigan University. (Includes Detroit)

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