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This is atimeline of Colombian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes, political events, and milestones relating toColombia and its predecessor states and cultures. To read about the background to these events, seeHistory of Colombia.
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 10500 BC | El Abra culture inhabits theAltiplano Cundiboyacense.[1] |
| 9000 BC | Communities of hunter-gatherers are established in the regions ofTequendama,El Abra,Nemocón,Tibitó, Vistahermosa, Galindo,Aguazuque,Gachetá and Sueva.[2] |
| 3000 BC | Inhabitants change to a semi-sedentary life. The first crops ofcassava on theCaribbean coast andmaize in theAltiplano Cundiboyacense are grown.[3] Archaeological sites inPuerto Hormiga show human activity.[citation needed] |
| 2700 BC | Inhabitants develop agriculture in theAmazon.[citation needed] |
| 1600 BC | TheMorro del Tulcán pyramid is built.[citation needed] |
| 1590 BC | TheIlama culture develops near theCalima River in theValle del Cauca.[citation needed] |
| 1300 BC | The Chimitápetroglyphs in modern-daySantander Department are created.[citation needed] |
| 1270 BC | TheZipacón pottery is created.[citation needed] |
| 700 BC | Cave paintings are created near theInírida River in modern-dayVichada Department.[citation needed] |
| TheQuimbaya'sformative stage occurs.[citation needed] | |
| El Infiernitomenhirs is built.[citation needed] | |
| 300 BC | Malagana period |
| The GuayaberoCave paintings in modern-dayGuaviare are created.[citation needed] | |
| First type of Colombian cheese was made by an ancient civilization.[citation needed] | |
| 200 BC | San Agustín culture |
| 100 BC | Tairona culture |
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 100 | EarlyZenú culture |
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 300 | theChibcha civilization expands from the northernAndes including part of what is nowPanama, the high plains of the Eastern Sierra of Colombia the areas of modern departments ofSantander (North and South),Boyacá andCundinamarca, becoming the most populous zone between theMayan andInca Empires.[citation needed] |
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 600 | ClassicQuimbaya civilization.Poporo Quimbaya |
| Tierradentro culture |
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 700 | LateZenú culture |
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1000 | ClassicMuisca period.Muisca raft |
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| ~1450 | Meicuchuca becomeszipa ofBacatá (to 1470).[citation needed] |
| Hunzahúa becomeszaque ofHunza (to 1470).[citation needed] | |
| 1470 | Saguamanchica becomeszipa of Bacatá (to 1490).[citation needed] |
| Michuá becomeszaque ofHunza (to 1490).[citation needed] | |
| 1490 | Battle of Chocontá |
| Nemequene becomeszipa of Bacatá (to 1514).[citation needed] | |
| Quemuenchatocha becomeszaque of Hunza (to 1537).[citation needed] | |
| 1492 | Inca Empire invades southwest Colombia.[citation needed] |
| 1498 | Spanish explorerJuan de la Cosa lands on what is today calledCabo de la Vela (Cape ofSails) in theGuajira Peninsula.[citation needed] |
| 1500 | Rodrigo de Bastidas lands on the Colombian Caribbean coast.[citation needed] |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1502 | 2 May | Alonso de Ojeda arrives at Bahía Honda and founded the village of Santa Cruz, first city in Colombia |
| 1508 | Diego de Enciso andVasco Núñez de Balboa founded the village ofSanta María la Antigua del Darién, initially called The Antigua | |
| 1509 | Ojeda founded the village ofSan Sebastián de Urabá | |
| Indigenous princessIndia Catalina is abducted by Spanish conquerorDiego de Nicuesa from a Calamari indigenous settlement | ||
| 1510 | Spanish conquerors discoverSan Andres y Providencia islands | |
| 1513 | 25 September | Núñez de Balboa discovers the Pacific Ocean |
| 1514 | 12 April | The Pedrarias Dávila expedition began |
| Tisquesusa becomeszipa of Bacatá (till 1537) | ||
| 1518 | 2 December | Vasco Núñez de Balboa is executed by orders ofPedrarias Dávila |
| 1525 | 29 July | Rodrigo de Bastidas founded the village ofSanta Marta |
| 1530 | 3 May | Foundation ofSanta Cruz de Mompox byAlonso de Heredia |
| 1533 | 20 January | Pedro de Heredia founded the village ofCartagena de Indias |
| 1536 | 6 April | The strenuousSpanish conquest expedition starts from Santa Marta[4] |
| 25 July | Sebastián de Belalcázar founded the village ofSantiago de Cali | |
| 1537 | Foundation of St. Juan dePasto by Lorenzo de Aldana | |
| March | Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada with his troops reach theMuisca Confederation[4] | |
| 20 April | zipaTisquesusa is beaten in theSpanish conquest of the Muisca atFunza[5] | |
| Sagipa becomes the lastzipa of Bacatá[6] | ||
| 25 July | Francisco César discovers the territory ofAntioquia | |
| 20 August | zaqueQuemuenchatocha is beaten in Hunza.[7] | |
| Aquiminzaque becomes the lastzaque of Hunza.[8] | ||
| September | TheSun Temple inSogamoso (name inMuysccubun:Sugamuxi) was burned by Spanish soldiers[9] | |
| 1538 | 6 August | Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada founded the city ofSanta fe de Bogotá *some historians argue that the date of foundation was on 27 April 1539 |
| 20 August | ThePanche are beaten by an alliance ofzipa Sagipa and Spanish conquistadors in theBattle of Tocarema[10] | |
| 1539 | CacicaGaitana starts thePaezan revolt against the Spanish conquest | |
| Neiva is founded byJuan de Cabrera.[citation needed] | ||
| Honda, Tolima is founded byGonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.[citation needed] | ||
| 6 August | Gonzalo Suárez Rendón founded the city ofTunja | |
| 1540 | 27 July | KingCarlos V appointedSanta Fe de Bogotá the title of city |
| 1541 | 24 August | Jerónimo Luis Tejelo discovers theAburrá Valley |
| 1542 | Francisco de Orellana sails the length of theAmazon River | |
| 1545 | Foundation ofRiohacha byNikolaus Federmann | |
| 1549 | 17 July | Emperor Carlos V, created the RoyalAudiencia of Santa Fe, subdivided into districts including the "New Kingdom Provinces": Santa Marta, Río de San Juan, Popayán, bordering with Quito, Guayana o Dorado and Cartagena de Indias.Pamplona was founded. |
| 1550 | 6 January | Hernando de Santana founded the village ofValle de Upar |
| Foundation ofIbagué by Andres Lopez de Galarza | ||
| 1556 | 7 April | The Real Audiencia de Santafé is officially installed |
| 1572 | Foundation ofVilla de Leyva by Hernan Suarez de Villalobos | |
| 1580 | 7 December | The first recorded eruption of theGaleras volcano occurs.[citation needed] |
| 1588 | 4 November | Cartagena de Indias is affected by a hurricane.[11] (to 6 November) |
| 1596 | EnglishcorsairFrancis Drake attacksRiohacha | |
| 1600 | 19 February | Huaynaputina volcano inPeru erupted catastrophically, in the largest volcanic explosion in South America in historic times causing avolcanic winter, with deadly effects reaching as far asRussia |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1610 | 5 February | the Catholic Monarchs established from Spain theSpanish Inquisition Holy Office Court inCartagena de Indias |
| 1629 | Foundation of Barranca de San Nicolas (LaterBarranquilla ) by Galapa indigenous people | |
| 1631 | Foundation ofGirón, Santander by Francisco Mantilla de los Rios | |
| 1650 | Approximated date of painting of theSopo Archangels | |
| 1675 | Foundation ofMedellín by Francisco Herrera Campuzano |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1803 | San Andres y Providencia islands are annexed to theViceroyalty of New Granada | |
| 1810 | 20 July | Cry of Independence, also known as the Florero de Llorente (Llorente Flower Vase) incident (Colombian Independence Day) |
| 25 July | José Miguel Pey de Andrade is President of the Supreme Governing Junta | |
| 17 September | The president of the Supreme Board of Cartagena, José María García Toledo, created theColombian Navy | |
| 1811 | Antonio Nariño publishes the firstNewspaper in Colombia, "La Bagatela" | |
| 1 April | Jorge Tadeo Lozano is declared President ofCundinamarca andVicegerent of the King's Person | |
| Antonio Nariño is declared President ofCundinamarca andVicegerent of the King's Person | ||
| 11 November | Cartagena de Indias declared its complete independence from Spain | |
| 1812 | 1 April | Manuel Rodríguez Torices is President of the State ofCartagena de Indias |
| 19 August | Manuel Benito de Castro is declared President ofCundinamarca andVicegerent of the King's Person | |
| 1814 | 14 May | Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez del Casal is declared President ofCundinamarca andVicegerent of the King's Person |
| 5 October | José Luis Álvaro Alvino Fernández Madrid, is president of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada. | |
| 1815 | 21 January | Custodio García Rovira is president of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada. he was executed 1 month later byPablo Morillo. |
| 28 March | José Miguel Pey de Andrade is President of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada | |
| 17 August | Antonio Villavicencio is President of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada | |
| 15 November | Camilo Torres Tenorio is President of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada | |
| 1816 | 22 June | Liborio Mejía is president of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada[12] making him the youngest person to ever hold the presidency of Colombia at the age of 24. He was executed three months later during theReconquest led by the SpaniardPablo Morillo. |
| 16 July | Manuel Fernando Serrano Uribe is the last president of theUnited Provinces of the New Granada before its dissolution and completeReconquest. | |
| 28 October | Execution ofFrancisco José de Caldas | |
| 1817 | 14 November | Execution ofPolicarpa Salavarrieta |
| 1818 | 25 September | DoñaManuela Sáenz de Thorne savesSimón Bolívar from an attempted assassination |
| 1819 | 5 February | TheCongress of Angostura |
| 25 July | Battle of Vargas Swamp | |
| 7 August | Battle of Boyacá | |
| 11 October | For order ofFrancisco de Paula Santander, Spanish colonel Jose Maria Barreiro and 38 Spanish officers were executed in Bogotá. | |
| 1821 | 30 August | Congress of Cúcuta andConstitution of Cúcuta |
| 1828 | 27 August | After the failure of the constitutional convention ofOcañaSimón Bolívar proclaimed himself dictator, through the "Organic Decree of Dictatorship". |
| 1830 | The Federation ofGran Colombia is dissolved | |
| 15 September | Rafael José de Urdaneta y Faría is Provisional Chief of the Government of the Republic ofGran Colombia | |
| 17 December | Simón Bolívar dies inQuinta de San Pedro Alejandrino nearSanta Marta | |
| 1831 | 2 May | Joaquín Mariano Mosquera y Arboleda isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| 1832 | 10 March | José Ignacio de Márquez isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| 7 October | Francisco de Paula Santander isPresident of the Republic of New Granada | |
| Coat of arms of Colombia is officially adopted | ||
| 1835 | Start theColombian coffee industry with the first commercial crops inNorte de Santander | |
| 1837 | Colombian peso replacesColombian real as official currency | |
| 1839 | TheWar of the Supremes (Spanish: Guerra de los Supremos, also called the Guerra de los Conventos) extended from 1839 to 1841, caused by the ambitions of various regional leaders (gamonales) to seize power and depose PresidentJosé Ignacio de Márquez | |
| 1840 | Foundation ofVillavicencio by Esteban Aguirre | |
| 1841 | 1 April | Pedro Alcántara Herrán isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| 1845 | 1 April | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| 1849 | Foundation ofManizales byAntioquian colonists | |
| 1 April | José Hilario López isPresident of the Republic of New Granada | |
| 1851 | 14 October | José de Obaldía isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| 1853 | 1 April | José María Obando isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| Manuel María Mallarino isPresident of the Republic of New Granada | ||
| 1854 | 17 April | José María Melo isPresident of the Republic of New Granada |
| 1856 | 11 June | Creation of theSovereign State of Antioquía |
| 1857 | 15 June | The Law of 15 June 1857, created the other states that would go on to form the Granadine Confederation: TheSovereign State of Bolívar, TheSovereign State of Santander, TheSovereign State of Cauca, and TheSovereign State of Magdalena |
| 1858 | TheGranadine Confederation is created. | |
| 22 May | Mariano Ospina Rodríguez is president of theGranadine Confederation | |
| 1860 | 8 May | Newly appointed Supreme Director of WarTomas Cipriano de Mosquera declared the Sovereign State of Cauca a separate nation from theGranadine Confederation andColombian Civil War (1860–1862) broke out |
| 1861 | 1 April | Bartolomé Calvo isPresident of the Granadine Confederation |
| 18 July | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera isPresident of the Granadine Confederation | |
| 1863 | Foundation ofPereira, Colombia by Remigio Antonio Cañarte | |
| The name of the Republic is changed officially to "United States of Colombia" through theRionegro Constitution | ||
| 14 May | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera is the firstPresident of the United States of Colombia | |
| 26 November | TheFlag of Colombia is officially adopted | |
| 1864 | 8 April | Manuel Murillo Toro isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia |
| 1865 | Kola Román, a popular Colombiansoft drink is introduced by Carlos Roman | |
| 1866 | 1 April | José María Rojas Garrido isPresident of the United States of Colombia |
| 22 May | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera isPresident of the United States of Colombia for second time | |
| 1867 | Foundation ofLeticia, Colombia by Benigno Bustamante | |
| 12 May | Joaquín Riascos isPresident of the United States of Colombia | |
| 23 May | Manuel María de los Santos Acosta isPresident of the United States of Colombia | |
| 1868 | 1 April | Santos Gutiérrez isPresident of the United States of Colombia |
| 1870 | 1 April | Eustorgio Salgar isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia |
| 1872 | 1 April | Manuel Murillo Toro isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia for second time |
| 1874 | Santiago Pérez de Manosalbas isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia | |
| 1876 | 1 April | Aquileo Parra isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia |
| 1878 | 1 April | Julián Trujillo Largacha isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia |
| 1880 | 8 April | Rafael Nuñez isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia |
| 1882 | 1 April | Francisco Javier Zaldúa served as President of theRionegro Convention, aconstituent assembly that created theUnited States of Colombia (now Colombia). As President of this legislative body, Zaldúa became thede factoPresident of the United States of Colombia for 6 days, when PresidentTomás Cipriano de Mosquera ceded executive power to the convention, and until the said convention elected aCouncil of Ministers to serve collectively as the Colombianhead of state. |
| 22 December | José Eusebio Otalora isPresident of the United States of Colombia, in his capacity as theSecond Presidential Designate following the death of PresidentFrancisco Javier Zaldúa, and the non-acceptance of the office by the First DesignateRafael Núñez. | |
| 1884 | 1 April | Ezequiel Hurtado isPresident of the United States of Colombia |
| 11 August | Rafael Nuñez isPresident of theUnited States of Colombia for second time | |
| 28 August | ETB (company) is created, being the first telecommunications company in Colombia | |
| 1886 | PresidentRafael Nuñez creates theColombian Constitution of 1886, which has been one of the longest lasting constitutions in the western hemisphere, and with the Reforms of 1910, 1936, 1958, 1968, 1973 and 1986 was the constitution of Colombia until 1991. The country adopts its present name: "Republic of Colombia" | |
| 1 April | on 30 March 1886, president Núñez presented his resignation to Congress due to his poor health condition caused bydysentery.José María Campo Serrano is sworn in as Acting President, becoming the first President of Colombian Republic | |
| 1887 | 7 January | Eliseo Payán is the 2nd president of Colombia |
| 4 June | Rafael Nuñez is the 3rd President of Colombia | |
| 1888 | Carlos Holguín Mallarino is the 4th President of Colombia | |
| 1889 | 14 October | Foundation of Villa Holguin (LaterArmenia, Colombia ) by Jesus Maria Ocampo |
| 1891 | 5 November | Colombian National Police is created |
| 1892 | 7 August | Miguel Antonio Caro is the 4th president of Colombia |
| 29 September | Rafael Nuñez is the 5th President of Colombia | |
| 1894 | 18 September | Miguel Antonio Caro is the 6th president of Colombia |
| 1896 | 26 May | PoetJosé Asunción Silva commits suicide |
| 1898 | Manuel Antonio Sanclemente is the 7th president of Colombia | |
| 1899 | 17 October | TheThousand Days' War (1899–1902)(1130 days) (Spanish: Guerra de los Mil Días) |
| 1900 | 26 May | PresidentManuel Antonio Sanclemente extended the deadline for completion of thePanama Canal from 31 October 1904 to 31 October 1910.[13] The executive decree was granted without consent of the Colombian Congress.[14] |
| Battle of Palonegro | ||
| 19 June | Date of death ofSalvador Camacho, called the "founder ofsociology" in Colombia. | |
| 31 July | José Manuel Marroquín is president of Colombia | |
| August | NaturalistSoto Grimshaw dies ofcholera during an expedition to theCaribbean region of Colombia |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | ColombianGeographerFrancisco Javier Vergara y Velasco publishes the first completecartographic charts of the country, theAtlas completo de geografía colombiana (1906–1910), through which he won the Charles Manoir price of theParis Geographical Society. | |
| Manuelita became the first Colombiansugar mill to move frommule tosteam powered mills | ||
| 23 February | Battle of Aguadulce | |
| 1902 | 24 October | The Thousand Days' War was a civil war fought in Colombia from 17 October 1899 to 21 November 1902, at first between the Liberal Party and the government led by the National Party, and later – after the Conservative Party had ousted the National Party – between the liberals and the conservative government. The peace treaty was signed on the plantation Neerlandia on 24 October 1902. |
| 1903 | Panama remained as a province of Colombia until this year, when – with backing from the United States in exchange for allowing the US to build thePanama Canal – it became independent (Separation of Panama from Colombia) | |
| 22 January | The United States and the Republic of Colombia sign theHay–Herrán Treaty | |
| 26 October | The United States Navypatrol gunboatUSS Nashville blocks Colombian attempts to suppress thePanamanian separatist movement | |
| 1904 | 16 June | Date of death ofManuel Uribe Ángel, known for his great contributions to the advances of the practice ofmedicine in Colombia and theAntioquia Department. He also served as President of the thenSovereign State of Antioquia |
| 7 August | Rafael Reyes is president of Colombia | |
| 11 October | Creation ofPostobónsoft drinks company | |
| 1910 | Colombian astronomerJulio Garavito Armero discovers thecrater on the Moon's far side which is named after him (Garavito crater). | |
| 7 August | Carlos Eugenio Restrepo is president of Colombia | |
| 1914 | 7 August | José Vicente Concha is president of Colombia |
| 1915 | 9 May | Indigenousnasa leaderQuintín Lame is arrested for attempting the creation of an indigenous independent republic |
| 1918 | Marco Fidel Suárez is president of Colombia | |
| 1926 | Miguel Abadía Méndez is president of Colombia | |
| 1927 | TheFederación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia is created | |
| 1928 | 6 December | TheBanana massacre, in Spanish, Matanza de las bananeras or Masacre de las bananeras: A massacre of workers for the United Fruit Company that occurred in the town ofCiénaga nearSanta Marta |
| 1930 | Enrique Olaya Herrera is president of Colombia | |
| 1932 | 1 September | TheColombia–Peru War |
| 1934 | Alfonso López Pumarejo is president of Colombia | |
| First census in Colombia. Population:8.700.000 | ||
| 1935 | 24 June | Argentine singerCarlos Gardel dies in a plane crash inMedellín |
| 1938 | Eduardo Santos Montejo is president of Colombia | |
| 1942 | Alfonso López Pumarejo is president of Colombia for a second time | |
| 1945 | 29 April | Date of death ofimpressionist painterAndrés de Santa Maria |
| Alberto Lleras Camargo is president of Colombia | ||
| 1946 | Mariano Ospina Pérez is president of Colombia | |
| 1948 | 9 April | Murder of politicianJorge Eliécer Gaitán.Bogotazo riots. Starts the bipartisan violence ("La Violencia") |
| 1950 | Laureano Gómez Castro is president of Colombia | |
| 1953 | 13 June | Gustavo Rojas Pinilla seized power by means of a coup d'état |
| 1954 | 3 August | President Rojas Pinilla government gives women theright to vote |
| Rojas Pinilla introduced theTelevision in Colombia | ||
| 1955 | Rojas Pinilla ordered a military offensive against rearmed peasants triggering a confrontation known as the "Guerra de Villarrica" (War of Villarrica) which took place in the central town ofVillarrica inTolima Department.[15] | |
| 1956 | 24 June | the Liberal Party headed by Alberto Lleras Camargo and the Conservative Party headed by Laureano Gómez signed an accord on 24 June 1956 to begin theNational Front (Colombia). |
| 1958 | Dr. Jorge Reynolds Pompo is credited with having helped in the design of the first successful internalpacemaker | |
| 1960 | Creation of the firstNatural protected area in Colombia, theCueva de los Guacharos National park | |
| 1961 | 28 October | Hurricane Hattie moves overSan Andrés island with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h), causing 1 death, 15 injuries, and $300,000 in damage (1961 USD, $2.1 million 2008 USD). |
| 1962 | Guillermo León Valencia is president of Colombia | |
| 25 July | Luz Marina Zuluaga winsMiss Universe beauty contest | |
| 1964 | Therefractive surgerykeratomileusis was developed byIgnacio Barraquer in Bogotá. | |
| May | Marquetalia Republic is overrun by the Colombian army (during what was termed "Operation Marquetalia") | |
| 1965 | 7 January | TheNational Liberation Army (Colombia) (ELN) guerrilla is created |
| 1966 | Carlos Lleras Restrepo is president of Colombia | |
| 1970 | Misael Pastrana Borrero is president of Colombia | |
| 1972 | Discovery ofCiudad Perdida archaeological place | |
| 1974 | Alfonso López Michelsen is president of Colombia | |
| TheBlack Tuna Gang, a Miami-based Colombian marijuana-trafficking group was responsible for bringing in over 500 tons of marijuana over a 16-month period in the mid-1970s ("the marijuana bonanza"). | ||
| 1976 | December | Starts the development ofCerrejón Coal mine. It is the largest mining operation in Colombia and among the largestopen-pit coal mines in the world |
| 1978 | Julio César Turbay Ayala is president of Colombia | |
| 1980 | 27 February | Dominican embassy siege |
| June | Serial killerPedro López a.k.a. Monster of the Andes confessed to over 300 murders | |
| 1981 | Homosexuality in Colombia is declared legal by the national government | |
| 1982 | Belisario Betancur is elected president of Colombia | |
| Paramilitary group "Muerte a Secuestradores" (MAS) is formed | ||
| Antioquian entrepreneur Felix Correa and his bank FURATENA get convicted for financial fraud causing a collapse in the national financial system | ||
| 1 September | Mother Teresa visits Colombia | |
| 22 October[16] | Gabriel García Márquez wins theNobel Prize in Literature | |
| 26 October (formalized on 5 November)[17] | Colombia resigns as host for the1986 FIFA World Cup due to scarcity of public resources | |
| 1983 | Pablo Escobar attendsColombian congress sessions as backup of congressmanJairo Ortega | |
| President Betancur announces Colombia has signed in theNon-Aligned Movement | ||
| Businessman Roberto Soto steals 13.5 million dollars from the national budget with the help of ateleprinter machine | ||
| General Prosecutor Carlos Jimenez declares that MAS group have underground relations of support with the National Army | ||
| Guerrilla leaderManuel Marulanda announces to the press that theFARC guerrilla has grown to 28 main divisions, causing international concern | ||
| 1983 Guerrilla leaderJaime Bateman Cayon a.k.a. "El Flaco" dies in aplane crash near theGulf of Urabá while traveling fromSanta Marta toPanama | ||
| Jumbo 747 airplane of Avianca airlines, in flight fromBogotá, crashes in Mejorana del campo, nearBarajas airport in Madrid, Spain. 189 passengers die, includingArt criticMarta Traba | ||
| 31 March | Popayán is partially destroyed by an earthquake during the traditional celebrations ofHoly Week | |
| 1984 | Minister of JusticeRodrigo Lara Bonilla is shot to death by teenagerhitmen hired by theMedellín Cartel. One of the hitmen, Byron de Jesus Velasquez, is captured | |
| President Betancur achieves aceasefire with 80% of guerrilla forces in the country. In the case of FARC, this would be linked to the creation of the political movementPatriotic Union (Colombia) UP during the next year. | ||
| Dissident guerrilla19th of April Movement (M-19) attacksFlorencia, Caquetá. Over 100 civilians dead | ||
| 10 March | Tranquilandia, a largecocaine processing laboratory located in the jungles ofCaquetá, constructed for theMedellín Cartel is destroyed by units of the Colombian National Police, assisted by the DEA | |
| 1985 | TheGorgona Island prison is dissolved and the island is declared National park | |
| 10 January | Elkin Lucena performed the first successfulIn vitro fertilization, that allowed the birth of the first Latin Americantest tube baby (Carolina Mendez). | |
| 23 May | Guerrilla leaderAntonio Navarro is victim of a bomb that nearly killed him, and loses one leg | |
| July | Colombian cyclistLuis Herrera winsthe Vuelta a España, first South American to win a Grand Tour | |
| 16 September | Ceroxylon quindiuense is declared as theNational tree by the national government | |
| 6 November | M19 guerrilla attacks the supreme court in thePalace of Justice siege. The president of theSupreme Court of Colombia and many magistrates, employees and bystanders get killed. Over 100 fatal victims and undetermined number of missing persons. The army is accused offorced disappearance of civilians | |
| 13 November | In the worstnatural disaster in the history of Colombia,Armero city inTolima department is destroyed due to a flood created by the eruption ofNevado del Ruiz volcano (Armero tragedy). Over 20.000 dead. Countless homes destroyed. | |
| 14 December | Cardiologist Alberto Villegas performed the firstheart transplant in Latin America to Antonio Yepes.[18] | |
| 1986 | Virgilio Barco is elected president of Colombia | |
| El Espectador newspaper director,Guillermo Cano is shot to death by hitmen | ||
| Guerrilla leader Javier Delgado kills 150 fellow guerrilleros of the Ricardo Franco Group, in theTacueyó massacre, because he suspected them to be infiltrated | ||
| 3 July | PopeJohn Paul II visits Bogotá and the remains ofArmero tragedy | |
| 9 August | Miguel "Happy" Lora wins the world boxing championship in the bantamweight division | |
| 4 December | Campo Elías Delgado kills 29 persons (including his mother) and leaves 12 injured, in thePozzetto restaurant massacre, presumably due to mental illness. The events are depicted in the 2006 movieSatanás. | |
| 1987 | Guerrilla groups attack a military convoy in Caqueta breaking the 1984 truce. 42 soldiers dead and 27 injured | |
| Colombian Navy ship ARC Caldas sails in waters of Atlantic Ocean in dispute withVenezuela creating a serious diplomatic incident | ||
| 4 February | Drug dealerCarlos Lehder is captured in a farm nearMedellín at 6:20 a.m. The same day at 5:20 p.m he isextradited and sent in aDEA turbocommander airplane to USA | |
| 11 October | UP leadersJaime Pardo Leal and Hector Abad are killed inLa Mesa, Cundinamarca. Eventually this movement would be lose more than 3000 of their members due to violence | |
| 1988 | Paramilitary groups commit massacres in Saiza, Mejor Esquina andSegovia, Antioquia | |
| General Prosecutor Carlos Mauro Hoyos is killed by hitmen | ||
| The first election of city majors for popular vote | ||
| PoliticiansÁlvaro Gómez Hurtado andAndrés Pastrana are kidnapped bynarcotrafficking related groups | ||
| collapse of Stock market due to incarceration of financial managers Juan Ricardo Escobar and Guillermo Uribe Holguin | ||
| Massacre of Trujillo, 107 victims. On 19 December 2006Henry Loaiza-Ceballos was accused by Colombian authorities of being responsible for the massacre | ||
| FirstIberoamerican Theater Festival in Bogotá. 100.000 people attend to the closing act inPlaza de Bolívar | ||
| 21 March | Colombian Painter Dario Morales dies in Paris | |
| June | Serial killerDaniel Barbosa a.k.a. the Beast of the Andes confessed 72 murders | |
| 18 August | Luis Carlos Galán, Politician and candidate to presidency is killed by hitmen inSoacha during a public speech | |
| 1989 | Drug dealerGonzalo Rodríguez Gacha is killed in a military operation | |
| First reports of the presence ofCoffee borer beetle inColombian coffee crops | ||
| 27 November | Avianca Flight 203 airplane HK1803 explodes in the air with 107 people on board, few minutes after leavingEl Dorado International Airport as a result of a bomb planted by theMedellín Cartel. No survivors | |
| 6 December | 7:30 a.m. The Security Administration Department building (Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad DAS) and an important part of the commercial area ofPaloquemao district in Bogotá are destroyed by a bomb, in what is considered the worstterrorist attack in Colombian history | |
| 1990 | M19 Guerrilla leaderCarlos Pizarro Leongómez is killed by hitmen when he was a presidential candidate | |
| César Gaviria is elected President of Colombia | ||
| El Tiempo newspaper director Francisco Santos is kidnapped | ||
| 20Emberá indigenous people are killed in theCaloto, Cauca massacre due to land ownership disagreements with local landlords | ||
| 22 March | UP leader politicianBernardo Jaramillo Ossa is killed by hitmen | |
| 1991 | Rafael Pardo is the first civilian to be designated as minister of defense | |
| Minister of economy Rudolph Hommes announced the new aperture politic for international trade inspirited in the Russianperestroika and the creation of the National bank for international trade Bancomex | ||
| Starts the first concessions formobile telephony | ||
| January | JournalistDiana Turbay is killed while kept kidnapped in a farm nearSabaneta | |
| January | Drug dealers Fabio, Juan David andJorge Luis Ochoa Vázquez (The Ochoa brothers) andPablo Escobar surrender themselves to the authorities | |
| 17 February | Opening of the national assembly for reform to the 1886 national constitution (Constituent Assembly of Colombia) | |
| 1992 | TheOffice of the Attorney General of Colombia is created, withGustavo de Greiff designated as the first Attorney General | |
| Noemí Sanín is the new minister of foreign affairs. She is the first woman to be designed as a minister in Colombia | ||
| The collapse of the national electricity generation system causes massivepower blackouts all over the country with an average of 18 hours/day without electricity from March 1992 to April 1993 | ||
| Fernando Botero presents a collection of 31 sculptures in an outdoors exhibition in theChamps-Élysées in Paris | ||
| 20 July | Pablo Escobar escapes from the Cathedral Prison | |
| 15 November | Villatina Massacre | |
| 1993 | Massive celebration of the winning of Colombian soccer team in a play againstArgentine team inBuenos Aires with final score 5–0. Riots all over the country. | |
| The national government achieves commercial treaties with Venezuela, Mexico andEcuador | ||
| 14 January | Galeras volcano eruption killed nine people, including six scientists who had descended into the volcano's crater to sample gases. | |
| November | Bomb explodes on 15th Avenue of Bogotá, near the intersection with 93rd Street (in front of Centro 93 mall). 10 people die, over 100 injured | |
| 2 December | Pablo Escobar dies in combats with the police | |
| 1994 | Ernesto Samper is elected president of Colombia | |
| 8000 Process scandal ofCali Cartel narcotrafficking money investment in the Samper electoral campaign starts with the public broadcasting of tapes from telephonic conversations among Minister Alberto Giraldo and drug dealers Gilberto andMiguel Rodríguez Orejuela | ||
| Former president César Gaviria is designated asOEA general secretary | ||
| A team of 10 people steals 24.075.000.000 pesos from the Republic Bank inValledupar in the biggestbank robbery in the Colombian history | ||
| Paez river flood inCauca department kills hundreds of people and destroys villages in a length of 40 km | ||
| 11 February | CONVIVIR (Spanish for to coexist) program of cooperative neighbourhood watch groups is created by a decree of Colombia's Ministry of Defense | |
| 20 May | Manuel Elkin Patarroyo received thePrince of Asturias Awards by his technical and scientific research in the development of syntheticmalaria vaccine | |
| 2 July | Due to the poor performance of the national soccer team in the USA soccer World Cup, an angry soccer aficionado shot to death soccer playerAndrés Escobar | |
| 1995 | 76-year-old conservative politicianÁlvaro Gómez Hurtado is murdered by hitmen | |
| January | Plane crash inMarialabaja,Bolívar Department. 52 dead, only survivor 9-year-old girl Erika Delgado | |
| February | Luciano Pavarotti gives a concert in Bogotá | |
| 9 June | Drug dealers Miguel and Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela (The Rodriguez Brothers) are captured in a police operation | |
| 30 November | Start operations ofrapid transit rail systemMetro de Medellín | |
| 20 December | Plane crash near Cali airport.American Airlines plane with 163 occupants. 4 survivors | |
| 1996 | Antioquia governorÁlvaro Uribe orders the capture of the German citizens Werner and Michela Mauss, suspected of being FARC collaborators | |
| March of protest of 90.000 cocaleros (coca leaf illegal farmers) fromGuaviare Department andPutumayo Department ended with 12 cocaleros dead. Army soldiers accused of brutality | ||
| Guerrilla attack to the military base "Las Delicias" in Putumayo. 29 soldiers dead, 20 injured, 60 kidnapped | ||
| 26 June | La Gabarra Massacre | |
| 24 July | Hurricane Cesar moves westward across the southern Caribbean and crosses over extreme northern Colombia and theSan Andres archipelago. Cesar kills 11 people in Colombia due to flooding and mudslides.[19] | |
| November | Aterciopelados band ranks number 1 in the MTV network, becoming the most successful Colombian rock band | |
| 1997 | "Miti-Miti" corruption scandal, involving Minister of communications Saulo Arboleda and minister of mining and energy Rodrigo Villamizar accused of obtaining illegal profit of 100fm radio concessions | |
| April | Salvatore Mancuso andCarlos Castaño conformed what they called the "Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia" (AUC)United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | |
| 15 April | Drug dealerPhanor Arizabaleta-Arzayus, member of theCali Cartel is captured at a road checkpoint | |
| 15 July | Mapiripán Massacre | |
| September | Carlos Castaño in a press interview admits responsibility for theMapiripán Massacre. AUC is listed by theUS Department of State as a Foreign Terrorist Organization. | |
| October | Bird (sculpture byFernando Botero) was destroyed by aterrorist attack in downtownMedellín. About 17 people died. Several body parts remained unidentified. The remains of the sculpture are displayed in San Antonio Square as a memorial for the victims | |
| 1998 | Andrés Pastrana is elected as president of Colombia | |
| Gloria Zea, director of the national Modern Art Museum organizes one of the largest art exhibits in Colombia "Arte y Violencia en Colombia" as a commemoration of 50th anniversary of the start of the bipartisan violenceLa Violencia | ||
| Fernando Botero donates 100 of his works and 60 pieces of his private art collection (19th and 20th centuries) to the Antioquia Museum | ||
| 20 June | Plan Colombia (Treaty signed with USA for support in thewar on drugs) is officially unveiled by President Pastrana | |
| 7 November | President Pastrana granted to the FARC guerrilla a 42,000 km2 (16,200 sq mi) safe haven meant to serve as a confidence building measure, centered around theSan Vicente del Caguán settlement | |
| 1999 | Betty la fea soap opera a.k.a.Ugly Betty reach the highest levels of rating and the script is sold to different producers in several countries | |
| 19 January | The1999 Armenia earthquake devastatesArmenia, Colombia. Over 2000 dead, 3000 missing persons and a quarter million people homeless | |
| 14 April | ELN guerrilla kidnap Fokker airplane with 41 occupants inBolívar department | |
| 22 April | Serial killerLuis Garavito is found guilty of the murder of 138 boys. (The total number of victims according with Garavito confessions off-record is estimated up to 300 boys and an undetermined number of adults) | |
| 30 May | Mass kidnapping of 70 people in La Maria church inCali | |
| 13 August | ComedianJaime Garzón is murdered by hitmen | |
| 13 November | Strong waves fromHurricane Lenny affect theGuajira Peninsula of Colombia, flooding 1,200 homes and businesses along the northern coastline. In addition, winds and rains from the hurricane causes severe crop damage in the country.[20] The hurricane kills two in Colombia.[21] (to 16 November) | |
| 29 November | Date of death of Colombian essayist and historianGermán Arciniegas | |
| 2000 | FirstOlympic gold medal in Colombian history, earned by María Isabel Urrutia inweightlifting | |
| 30 March | A car bomb parked in front of the mayor's office inCachipay (Cundinamarca Department) detonated, causing injuries to nineteen and deaths to four | |
| 11 April | ELN bombs damage 4meetinghouses ofthe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church); bridge attack kills 1, injures 20.[22] | |
| 15 May | A woman was killed by atime bomb fastened to her neck by FARC guerrilla; 1bomb disposal specialist died trying to deactivate the bomb and other 3 were wounded.[23] The 2007 moviePVC-1 is based in this incident | |
| June | The sport ofPrecolumbian origin;Turmequé or tejo is declared as the National sport by the Colombian congress | |
| 30 August | USA presidentBill Clinton and his daughter Chelsea visitCartagena de Indias | |
| 4 September | A 70 kilograms of R1 explosive bomb exploded inBarrancabermeja's commercial district, injuring four policemen, two security guards and two civilians. The intended target was apparently the National Customs and Tax Directorate (DIAN).[24] | |
| October | Macayepo massacre inMontes de María | |
| 15 October | A bomb went off inCali outside a rehabilitation center in the Obrero neighborhood. Two children were killed and thirty other injured. An explosive device went off in a Christian church in Cali, killing two and injuring fifteen.[25] | |
| 14 November | A guerrilla group gave a homeless man a package that, unbeknownst to him, was filled with explosives. The package exploded as he walked through the banking sector ofCali, killing him and wounding four others. The package reportedly contained 500 grams ofammonium nitrate fuel oil.[26] | |
| 4 December | PoliticianFernando Araújo Perdomo is kidnapped by the Farc guerrilla | |
| 18 December | Opening of the mass transportation systemTransmilenio in Bogotá |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | Thestock markets of Cali, Medellín and Bogotá are fused into a single entity:Bolsa de Valores de Colombia | |
| SingerShakira Mebarak wins aGrammy Award for her MTV unplugged | ||
| 24 April | theHouse of Representatives Committee on International Relations published the findings of its investigation intoIRA activities in Colombia | |
| 4 May | A car bomb kills four and injures 32 in a luxury hotel inCali. No group claims the attack.[27] | |
| 17 May | A car bomb kills 20 and injures at least 50 in a park inMedellín.[28] | |
| 11 July | Soccer tournamentCopa America 2001 was held in Colombia (to 29 July) | |
| 11 August | Arrest of the IrishColombia Three charged with training FARC rebels inbomb-making | |
| 23 August | In a series of attacks nearMedellín, 10 bombs kill one and injure 39 others.[29] At least 15 members of terrorist groupELN die when the explosives they were carrying detonate.[30] | |
| 29 September | PoliticianConsuelo Araújo is murdered while being kidnapped by FARC guerrilla | |
| 2002 | 25 January | A bomb kills a child and four police officers and injures 28 people inBogotá. Rebel groupFARC is blamed |
| 30 January | Acar bomb kills five and injures 40 in the city ofFlorencia in the department ofCaquetá | |
| 21 February | President Pastrana ended the peace talks and ordered the armed forces to start retaking the FARC-EP controlled zone of San Vicente del Caguan | |
| 24 February | Oxygen Green Party PoliticianIngrid Betancourt is kiddnapped by FARC guerrilla | |
| March | President Uribe decided to appointMarta Lucía Ramírez asMinister of Defense becoming the second woman in Latin America to ever hold this title, afterMichelle Bachelet | |
| 7 April | Two bombs explode in the restaurant district ofVillavicencio, killing twelve and injuring 70.FARC is the prime suspect for the attack.[31] | |
| 11 April | Two police officers and a girl are killed by a bomb concealed in the corpse of a peasant (Pedro Nel Camacho) apparently executed by the FARC guerrilla with such purpose[32] | |
| 12 April | 12 politicians inValle del Cauca are kidnapped using a hoax antibomb operative, starting theValle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis | |
| Arocket explodes near the studios ofRCN TV inBogotá.[33] | ||
| 14 April | During an assassination attempt of then-presidential candidateÁlvaro Uribe Vélez a bomb kills two and injures 20 inBarranquilla. Rebel groupFARC is blamed. | |
| 2 May | Bojaya massacre inChocó Department. A bomb destroys the local church. 117 dead, 114 injured. | |
| 26 May | Cali bishop Isaias Duarte is murdered by hitmen | |
| 7 August | Álvaro Uribe is elected president of Colombia | |
| Four rounds of mortars are fired against the Presidential Palace inBogotá during the inauguration ceremony of PresidentÁlvaro Uribe Vélez. 13 people, mostly homeless, die and 50 are wounded.FARC is blamed.[34] | ||
| 24 November | Guerrilla leader aliasSimon Trinidad is extradited to USA | |
| 13 December | A bomb destroys 30th floor of theIntercontinental Hotel in downtownBogotá. 37 people injured.[35] | |
| 2003 | 16 January | A car bomb kills four and injures 27 at a shopping mall inMedellín. The attack is believed to be a retaliation ofFARC for the arrest of 53 of its members in the preceding days |
| 7 February | 2003 El Nogal Club bombing. Car bomb kills 36 and injures more than 200 at theEl Nogal social club inBogotá;FARC rebels are blamed | |
| 14 February | A bomb kills 18 and wounds 37 inNeiva, destroying 70 homes. Amongst the dead are the chief prosecutor in Neiva and the chief of police.FARC is blamed for the attack.[36] | |
| 5 March | A car bomb kills six and injures 68 in a covered parking lot inCúcuta. Rebel groupELN is blamed for the attack.[37] | |
| May | A group ofColombian Army soldiers, part of aCounter-terrorism unit, while cleaning up after an ambush by guerillas makes the surprising discovery of several tubs buried in the jungle which hold US$16.75 million in cash. They decide to keep the money for themselves, leading to their capture and trial. These events are depicted in the 2006 movieA Ton of Luck | |
| 8 May | A bomb kills three in an attack against a water treatment plant inCali. | |
| 24 August | Six die and 28 are wounded when a bomb explodes in a riverboat in the town of Puerto Rico. Rebel groupFARC is blamed.[38] | |
| 11 September | A bomb strapped to a horse kills eight and injures 15 in the village ofChita, Boyacá. The attack is blamed onFARC, as the same technique had been used in the past.[39] | |
| 29 September | A motorcycle packed with explosives kills ten and injures 54 in downtownFlorencia, Caquetá. Rebel groupFARC is blamed.[40] | |
| 8 October | A car bomb kills six and injures eleven in downtownBogotá.[41] | |
| 15 November | A grenade attack from a motorcycle kills two and injures seventy in the Bogotá Beer Company, a popular pub inBogotá. TwoFARC members were captured. | |
| December | BiologistRaul Cuero winsNASA Technology Award for his research in removal ofradionuclides such asuranium, usingMartian simulated soil | |
| 2004 | 15 March | Date of death of popularsalsa dancerAmparo Arrebato |
| 1 May | Ecuadorian government placed further stringentvisa restrictions on Colombians seeking to enter Ecuador | |
| 22 May | A bomb exploded in a crowded tavern/discothèque at 11:00 pm Saturday night killing six (some reports indicate seven) and wounding eighty-two. The bomb was packed in a small suitcase and left in the bathroom by suspected Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) rebels. It is believed the bombing was part of a FARC campaign marking the organizations 40th anniversary. | |
| 4 August | A bomb exploded at a bridge inMedellín moments before a parade of antique cars was scheduled to cross it, as the closing event at the annualFestival of the Flowers. 35 people injured. | |
| 29 October | A bomb exploded near a bus stop along Bogotá'sTransmilenio bus system route. A taxi passing by was caught in the blast resulting in the death of the driver and a passenger. 30 surrounded houses destroyed | |
| 22 November | USA presidentGeorge W. Bush visitsCartagena de Indias | |
| 28 November | A bomb exploded beside the mayor's office in the Rafael Uribe district of Bogotá | |
| 30 November | Three people were killed and eight wounded when a fragment grenade was left at a supermarket checkout counter | |
| 13 December | Rodrigo Granda affair. FARC guerrilla leaderRodrigo Granda, was captured by individual Venezuelan officials inCaracas, Venezuela, and transferred toCúcuta, Colombia (a departmental capital on the two nations' common border), where he was arrested by the Colombian authorities on 14 December, generating a diplomatic crisis withVenezuelan government. | |
| 30 December | Radio Televisión Nacional de Colombia (RTVC) replaced the liquidated Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisión (Inravisión) as the government-run radio and television broadcasting service | |
| 2005 | January | Colombian justice adopts theadversarial system |
| 1 February | FARC attacks the Iscuande marine base inNarino Department with homemade rockets, killing 15 soldiers and injuring 25.[42] | |
| 3 February | A bridge was blown up inPutumayo Department, killing eight soldiers and a civilian.[42] | |
| 6 April | An ambush inArauca state, nearVenezuela, kills 17 soldiers.[43] | |
| 24 June | FARC attacks military positions in the location ofPuerto Asís in the Putumayo department, killing 25 and wounding 20 in a single operation.[44] | |
| 27 October | The islands ofSan Andrés andProvidencia are evacuated due toHurricane Beta (2005).[45] Hours later, a hurricane watch was issued.[46] | |
| 27 December | FARC launches a massive attack in the remote village of San Marino in theChocó Department, killing at least six police officers along with the temporary abduction of some thirty, before they were released by the guerrillas on 20 December due to military pressure.[47] | |
| 28 December | FARC rebels ambush troops nearVista Hermosa, Meta, killing 28.[48] | |
| 2006 | 28 May | Álvaro Uribe is re-elected for a second presidential term |
| 31 July | 16 soldiers die in an ambush inTibú and a car bomb kills one and injures 22 inBogotá. Both attacks are blamed onFARC.[49] | |
| 4 August | A car bomb kills five outside a police station inCali.FARC suspected responsible.[50] | |
| 19 October | A car bomb explodes in a military college in northernBogotá.[51] | |
| 9 November | The Supreme Court ordered the detention of three congressmen implicated in the signature of an illegal agreement with theUnited Self-Defense Forces of Colombia atSanta Fe de Ralito starting theColombian parapolitics scandal | |
| December | FirstNarco submarines of Colombian origin seized by theU.S. Coast Guard, authorities dubbed itBigfoot because they had heard rumors that such things existed, but nobody had actually seen one.[52] | |
| 10 December | Paramilitary leaderSalvatore Mancuso surrenders to the Colombian authorities | |
| 2007 | 5 January | kidnapped politicianFernando Araújo Perdomo escaped from his captors after aColombian National Army military operation in theMontes de María mountains. Araújo spent several days in hiding without food or water until eventually finding help. |
| 1 March | Ten injured in a car bomb blast inNeiva, capital ofHuila; rebel groupFARC is believed responsible. The action is suspected to be an assassination attempt on Neiva's mayor.[53] | |
| 3 March | A bomb kills four police officers and one civilian in the city ofNeiva, as they attempt to deactivate it | |
| 16 March | A bomb kills 16 and injures 16 inBuenaventura. Authorities blameFARC.[54] | |
| 7 April | The first Colombiansatellite,Libertad I is launched in orbit fromBaikonur cosmodrome | |
| 28 April | Kidnapped police officerJhon Frank Pinchao escapes from the FARC guerrilla spending near a month lost in the jungle | |
| May | Virginia Vallejo, media personality and former lover ofPablo Escobar, published her memoirAmando a Pablo, odiando a Escobar (Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar), where she accused several Colombian presidents of involvement with drug traffickers | |
| 28 June | Murder of the politicians kidnapped in theValle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis causes national outrage | |
| 7 September | Colombian coffee achievesProtected designation of origin status granted by theEuropean Union[55] | |
| 13 December | International Court of Justice ofThe Hague concluded the long-time dispute with theRepublic of Nicaragua over theSan Andrés y Providencia Islands in favor of Colombian sovereignty over the San Andres Archipelago, ratifying the Esguerra-Bárcenas treaty.[56] signed between 1928 and 1930[57] | |
| 2008 | 10 January | Former vice presidential candidateClara Rojas and former congresswomanConsuelo González are freed after nearly six years in captivity |
| 1 March | The Colombian military attacks a FARC camp insideEcuador's territory. Several guerrilla casualties including guerrilla leaderRaul Reyes starting the2008 Andean diplomatic crisis | |
| 3 March | Iván Ríos, a member of the FARCCentral High Command was killed by his security chief "Rojas". | |
| 26 March | Guerrilla commanderManuel Marulanda Vélez dies | |
| 18 May | Guerrilla leaderElda Neyis Mosquera alias "Karina" surrenders herself to the military forces | |
| 2 July | Under a Colombian military operation calledOperation Jaque, the FARC was tricked by the Colombian Government into releasing 15 hostages to Colombian Intelligence agents, includingIngrid Betancourt, U.S. military contractors, and Colombian soldiers and police officers | |
| 15 August | Ituango,Antioquia. Seven people were killed and more than 50 wounded when a bomb detonated in a small town | |
| 21 August | Colombia has chosen the EuropeanDVB-T standard forDigital terrestrial television | |
| 30 October | Accusations ofColombian army soldiers involved with criminal bands with the purpose of luring unsuspecting unemployed or homeless people into isolated areas where they were murdered and the scenes were staged as combats againstguerrilla in order to enhance their achievements and getperformance-related payments, were investigated. The events, known as the'false positives' scandal, led to the resignation ofCommander-in-chief, generalMario Montoya.[58] As of 2012, 3,350 such cases had been investigated in all parts of the country and verdicts had been reached in 170 cases.[59] | |
| 12 November | Riots broke out in the municipalities ofPasto,Tumaco,Popayán and later spread all over the country after the collapse of severalpyramid schemes. Thousands of victims had invested their money in pyramids that promised them extraordinary interest rates. The lack of regulation laws allowed those pyramids to grow excessively during several years. Finally, after the riots the Colombian government was forced to declare the country in economical emergency in order to seize and stop those schemes. Several of the pyramid's managers were arrested and are being prosecuted for the crime of "illegal massive money reception".[60] | |
| 22 November | Colombia and Canada signed a new$1.14 billion dollarbilateraltrade agreement (theCanada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement) at theAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting. | |
| 2009 | 8 January | Colombian drug lord and head of theCaqueta cartelLeonidas Vargas is murdered inside a hospital. his brother(Héctor Fabio Vargas) and his girlfriend (Colombian actressLiliana Andrea Lozano) were tortured and murdered[61] inPradera, Colombia.[62] |
| Recognition of same-sex unions in Colombia is achieved by rule of the Constitutional Court | ||
| 11 January | Reports of mass murders ofAwá (kwaiker) indigenous people by FARC guerrilla | |
| February | Colombia has extended its existing tobacco control regulations by asmoking ban requiring all indoor work places and public places be immediately smoke-free, prohibiting tobacco advertising, promotions and sponsorship | |
| February | thefossils of 28 individualTitanoboa cerrejonensis, the largest snake ever discovered, were announced to have been found in thecoal mines ofCerrejón inLa Guajira, Colombia.[63] | |
| March | TheÁlvarez incest case was uncovered when 59-year-old Arcedio Álvarez was arrested inMariquita, Colombia, accused of sexually abusing his now 30-year-old daughter Alba Nidia Álvarez since the age of 9.[64] The daughter also gave birth to 11 children, three of whom died.[65] | |
| March | the Colombian government enacted a mandate to introduceE85flexible-fuel vehicles | |
| 15 March | Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo gets ranked in theForbes list of world billionaires.[66] | |
| April | The Colombian armed forces launchedStrategic Leap,[67] an offensive in borders areas where the FARC's forces has still a strong military presence, especially inArauca, near the Venezuelan border.[68] | |
| April | Colombian drug lordDaniel Rendón Herrera alias Don "Mario" is captured while hiding in a jungle.[69] | |
| 13 May | Vallenato composer andtroubadourRafael Escalona dies due to heart failure.[70] | |
| 14 May | During his visit to Colombia, theCzech Republic Prime MinisterMirek Topolánek negotiated a possible sale ofAero L-159 Alcacombat aircraft with Colombian PresidentÁlvaro Uribe.[71][72] | |
| June | Clara Guerrero wins Women's World ChampionshipWorld Ranking Masters | |
| July 2009 | The Colombian government claimed thatAT4 anti-tank rockets manufactured bySaab Bofors Dynamics of Sweden, which were later purchased by Venezuela were being used by the FARC. In response, President Chavez ordered most staff members of the embassy in Colombia to return to Venezuela, including the ambassador. Only the "lowest functionaries" were left to staff the embassy.[73] | |
| 18 July | Ricardo Londoño, Colombia's firstFormula One driver is murdered in the north ColombianCórdoba Department. | |
| 8 August | Cuban artistTania Bruguera sets a controversial performance in theNational University of Colombia (Bogotá branch), included consumption of cocaine[74] provided by the artist to the attendants.[75][76] | |
| 30 August | PresidentÁlvaro Uribe had contracted theAH1N1 flu virus, becoming the secondhead of state to do so (the first beingÓscar Arias).[77] | |
| 11 September | A group of eradicators ofCoca crops near the village of La Gabarra,Municipality of Tibú,Norte de Santander is attacked by guerrilla forces with a donkey with bombs attached to it. 2 people deceased[78] |
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