This is atimeline of Catalan history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Catalonia and its predecessor states and polities. To read about the background to these events, seeHistory of Catalonia.
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 760 | Perpignan conquered by theFranks from Muslim control. Establishment of theCounty of Roussillon. | |
| 785 | Girona conquered by theFranks from Muslim control. Establishment of theCounty of Girona. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 801 | Barcelona conquered by theFranks from Muslim control. Establishment of theCounty of Barcelona. | |
| 826 | Aissó Revolt against Frankish nobility, devastating and depopulating most of Central Catalonia. | |
| 878 | Wilfred the Hairy, count of Urgell and Cerdanya becomescount of Barcelona, Girona and Osona. | |
| 880 | Monastery of Santa Maria de Ripoll founded. | |
| 897 | Muslim raid over the County of Barcelona. Count Wilfred died, creating the tradition of hereditary passage of their titles, founding theHouse of Barcelona. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 942 | Hungarian raid. | |
| 985 | 6 July | Cordoba's rulerAlmanzor sacks Barcelona. |
| 988 | Borrell II, Count of Barcelona not renewed allegiance to the French kingHugh Capet; ensuring the independence of the counties from Frankish monarchy. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1018 | CountessErmesinde of Carcassonne became regent of Barcelona, Girona and Osona after the death of her husband, the countRamon Borrell. | |
| 1027 | First Assembly ofPeace and Truce of God of Catalonia, inToulouges (Roussillon), promoted and presided byAbbot Oliba. | |
| 1035 | Mir Geribert led the nobility of the Penedès against the authority of the count, representing the height of thefeudal revolution in Catalonia. | |
| Ramon Berenguer I, grandson of Ermesinde, became Count of Barcelona, he began a process of negotiation with the nobility in order to recover the authority over them, respecting the resulting new feudal order. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1111 | Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, inherited the County of Besalú. | |
| 1117 | The first reference to Catalonia and the Catalans appeared in theLiber maiolichinus de gestis Pisanorum illustribus, aPisan chronicle of the conquest of Majorca by a joint force of Italians, Catalans, and Occitans. | |
| 1118 | Archdiocese of Tarragona reestablished, the Catalan Church gained independence from theArchdiocese of Narbonne, in France.[1] | |
| 1137 | Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona received fromRamiro II theKingdom of Aragon and its heiress,Petronilla, resulting in the dynastic union later known asCrown of Aragon. | |
| 1148 | Ramon Berenguer IV takesTortosa from Muslim rule. | |
| 1149 | Ramon Berenguer IV takesLleida from Muslim rule. | |
| 1173 | First documentary reference of theUsages of Barcelona, the first compilation of feudal legislation and the basis of Catalan law. First legal delimitation of Catalonia. | |
| 1192 | First Assembly of Peace and Truce of God with representatives of the non-privileged estate, making it a precedent of the Catalan Courts. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1213 | 12 September | Battle of Muret, defeat of Catalan, Aragonese and Occitan forces led byPeter II of Aragon, which died in the battle, against the French-Crusade army led bySimon de Montfort. |
| 1214 | Royal Court convened in Lleida by cardinalPeter of Benevento in order to fix the confusing situation after the death of King Peter II and secure the succession of his heir James I. | |
| 1229 | 5 September | Conquest of Majorca:James I the Conqueror led a fleet of some two hundred vessels and twenty thousand men fromSalou,Cambrils andTarragona toMajorca. |
| 1249 | Council of One Hundred of Barcelona established. | |
| 1258 | 11 May | Treaty of Corbeil between James I andLouis IX of France. The French king renounced claims of feudal overlordship over Catalonia while James renounced his claims in Occitania, exceptFoix. |
| James I granted theCarta Consular, the legal basis of theConsulate of the Sea, to the city of Barcelona. | ||
| 1276 | 27 July | James the Conqueror died. He was succeeded as king ofAragon,Valencia andcount of Barcelona by his son,Peter the Great, and as king ofMajorca by another son,James II of Majorca. |
| 1283 | First regulated Catalan Courts, presided byPeter III. FirstCatalan constitutions. | |
| 1285 | 4 September | Aragonese Crusade: ASicilian-Catalan fleet decisively defeated theFrench andGenoans at the navalBattle of Les Formigues, northeastern coast of Catalonia. |
| 30 September | Aragonese Crusade:Battle of the Col de Panissars (Catalan Pyrenees), decisive victory of the kingPeter III of Aragon over French forces. | |
| 1300 | University of Lleida, the first university of Catalonia and the Crown of Aragon, founded.[2] |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1311 | TheCatalan Company conquered the duchies ofAthens andNeopatras, in Greece. | |
| 1318 | Establishment of theRoyal Archives in Barcelona.[3] | |
| 1329 | 25 March | Santa Maria del Mar church construction begins. |
| 1333 | Lo mal any primer ("The first bad year"), great famine due to poor harvest. | |
| 1343 | The counties of Roussillon and Cerdanya, previously owned by the Kingdom of Majorca, were reincorporated in to the Principality of Catalonia. First documented use of the term "Principality of Catalonia". | |
| 1348 | Black Death in Barcelona. | |
| 1349 | University of Perpignan founded. | |
| 1350 | Catalan Courts ofPerpignan. | |
| 1358 | FirstFogatge (hearth tax) carried out in Catalonia. | |
| 1359 | 19 December | The Catalan Courts of 1359 established the Deputation of the General (Generalitat of Catalonia). |
| 1365 | 22 July | Privilege of Sant Feliu de Guíxols:Peter IV of Aragon granted to inhabitants of the Kingdom of Majorca the condition of Catalans and the right to be represented in the Catalan Courts, politically vinculating Majorca with the Principality of Catalonia. |
| 1375 | Catalan Atlas. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1401 | Taula de canvi, firstpublic bank of Europe, founded in Barcelona.[4] | |
| 1410 | 31 May | Martin I, last king of the House of Barcelona, died without heirs. Beginning of two-year interregnum. |
| 1412 | Compromise of Caspe, representatives of Catalonia, Aragon and Valencia electedFerdinand of the CastilianHouse of Trastámara as the new King of Aragon. | |
| 1413 | Defeat of countJames II of Urgell, claimant of the throne of Aragon, at the siege ofBalaguer. | |
| 1428 | 2 February | Earthquake with an epicentre in Northern Catalonia. |
| 1450 | University of Barcelona founded. | |
| 1460 | 8 December | The Generalitat creates theCouncil of the Principality. |
| 1461 | 21 June | Capitulation of Vilafranca betweenJohn II and the Generalitat. |
| 1462 | Outbreak of theCatalan Civil War. | |
| Outbreak of theFirst War of the Remences. | ||
| 1472 | 24 October | Capitulation of Pedralbes, end of the Civil War with negotiated victory of the royal side. |
| 1481 | TheConstitució de l'Observança passed by the Catalan Courts, establishing thesubmission of royal power to the laws of the Principality Catalonia. | |
| 1486 | 21 April | Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe: theremença peasants were liberated from most offeudal abuses. |
| 1492 | 31 March | Alhambra Decree issued by theCatholic Monarchs, expelling non-converted Jews from their realms. |
| 1493 | April | Christopher Columbus was received in themonastery of Sant Jeroni de la Murtra ofBadalona by theCatholic Monarchs after hisfirst voyage to America. |
| Ferdinand II established a separate Royal Audience of Catalonia, thesupreme court and seat of the government of the Principality. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1519 | Charles V presided the Catalan Courts and was recognized as Count of Barcelona. | |
| 1529 | 29 June | Treaty of Barcelona between Charles V and PopeClement VII. |
| 1587 | The Generalitat commissions to the painterFilippo Ariosto theGallery of portraits of the Counts of Barcelona, one of the oldest and largest royal galleries of Europe. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1626 | The Catalan Courts, presided byPhilip IV, rejected the proposal ofUnion of Arms made by the royalfavourite and ministerCount-Duke of Olivares. | |
| 1640 | 6 January | The border fortress ofSalses recovered to the French by the Spanish armies with large assistance of Catalan militia. |
| 7 June | Corpus de Sang in Barcelona, one of the initial events of theReapers' War.Dalmau de Queralt,viceroy of Catalonia, assassinated during the event.[5] | |
| 7 September | Pact of Ceret between Catalonia and France. | |
| 10 September | Junta de Braços or States-General (assembly of Estates) of the Principality of Catalonia summoned, it began to assume the sovereignty. | |
| 16 December | On its way to Barcelona, the Spanish armies perpetrate theCambrils massacre. | |
| 1641 | 16 January | TheJunta de Braços, presided over byPau Claris, President of the Generalitat, accepted the establishment of an independentCatalan Republic under French proteccion.[6] |
| 23 January | In order to gain more military aid from France, the Junta de Braços proclaimedLouis XIII as Count of Barcelona. | |
| 26 January | Battle of Montjuïc, decisive Franco-Catalan victory over the Spanish armies. | |
| 30 December | Louis XIII swears the Catalan constitutions. | |
| 1644 | Spanish armies capture Lleida. Philip IV commits to respect the Catalan constitutions. | |
| 1652 | Fall of Barcelona to the Spanish Royal army. The Principality was reincorporated into the Monarchy of Spain. | |
| 1659 | Treaty of the Pyrenees between Spain and France, the counties ofRoussillon and the northern half ofCerdanya were ceded to France. | |
| 1687 | Revolt of the Barretines. | |
| 1697 | 10 August | French armies occupied Barcelona during theNine Years' War. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1701 | Catalan Courts presided byPhilip V of Bourbon, recognizing Philip as Count of Barcelona and establishing theCourt of Contraventions. | |
| 1705 | 20 June | Pact of Genoa betweenEngland and Catalonia. |
| 9 October | Grand Alliance armies took Barcelona. | |
| 5 December | Last Catalan Courts, presided byCharles III of Habsburg, they recognized Charles as Count of Barcelona and represented an important progress in the guarantee of individual, civil and political rights. | |
| 1713 | 9 July | TheJunta de Braços of Catalonia votes to remain on the fight against Philip V, thus starting theWar of the Catalans.Army of Catalonia and theCatalan navy raised. |
| 9 July | Expedition of the military deputy: Catalan army disembarked inArenys de Mar, in order to weaken the siege of Barcelona and provoke a general rebellion against the Bourbons in the countryside. | |
| 1714 | 13 August | Battle of Talamanca, last pro-Habsburg major victory in Catalonia. |
| 11 September | Fall of Barcelona toBourbon armies, after thirteen months of siege. | |
| 1716 | Nueva Planta Decrees: thePrincipality of Catalonia loss its institutions and public law, being politically and administratively incorporated as a province into the Crown of Castille, as the new Kingdom of Spain. | |
| 1717 | Philip V decrees the abolition of all universities of Catalonia and the foundation of theUniversity of Cervera. | |
| 1719 | Pro-Habsburg uprising, led by Pere Joan BarcelóCarrasclet, during theWar of the Quadruple Alliance. | |
| 1721 | Mossos d'Esquadra founded. | |
| 1758 | Royal Barcelona Board of Trade founded. | |
| 1773 | Revolt of the Quintas against forced recruitment. | |
| 1778 | Charles III of Spain decrees the end ofCádiz's trade monopoly with American colonies. | |
| 1789 | 28 February | Rebombori del Pa. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1808 | 14 June | Second Battle of the Bruch, Spanish victory. |
| 1809 | 12 December | Girona was taken by the French after seven months of siege. |
| 1812 | 12 January | By decree ofNapoleon, Catalonia was incorporated to France and divided into four French departments. |
| 1814 | French troops evacuated Catalonia. | |
| 1832 | The Bonaplata Factory commenced operation in Barcelona, the first one of the country to make use of thesteam engine. | |
| 1833 | Outbreak of theFirst Carlist War. Parts of inland Catalonia were inCarlist hands, while Liberals retained the coastal areas. | |
| November | MinisterJavier de Burgos decrees the territorial division of Spain into provinces. Catalonia was divided into four provinces (Barcelona, Girona, Lleida and Tarragona). | |
| 1835 | First Barcelonabullanga (popular revolt or riot). | |
| 1840 | 6 July | Carlist generalRamon Cabrera crossed the border to France, ending the First Carlist War. |
| 1842 | 3 December | Bombardment of Barcelona ordered byGeneral Espartero due to popular uprising.[7] |
| 1843 | Jamància, lastbullanga, which vindicated a progressive political program, ending with the bombardment of Barcelona by the Spanish army led byJoan Prim. | |
| 1846 | Second Carlist War orGuerra dels Matiners. | |
| 1848 | 28 October | First railway service in the Iberian Peninsula, linking Barcelona withMataró. |
| 1855 | 2 July | Catalan general strike, being the first one carried out in Spanish history. |
| 1859 | May | Floral Games were re-established, in the context of theRenaixença. |
| 1869 | 18 May | Representatives of the federal-republican committees of Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands signed theTortosa Pact to work together in order to establish the Spanish Federal Republic. |
| 1870 | April | Revolt of the Quintas. Bombing of the town ofGràcia. |
| 1872 | 21 April | Outbreak of theThird Carlist War. |
| 1873 | 9 May | The Provincial Council of Barcelona, controlled by radical federal-republicans, attempts to proclaim aCatalan State within the Spanish Federal Republic. |
| 1882 | 19 March | Gaudí'sSagrada Família church construction begins. |
| 1888 | 1888 Barcelona Universal Exposition. | |
| 1892 | Manresa Bases, first proposal for self-government of Catalonia promoted by Catalan nationalism. | |
| 1893 | 7 November | Liceu bombing attack by the anarchist Santiago Salvador. |
| 1899 | July | Tancament de caixes, tax strike in Barcelona against tax hikes in order to pay for the expenses of theSpanish–American War. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | Regionalist League founded. | |
| 1905 | 25 November | ¡Cu-Cut! incident. Officers of the Spanish Army, angry at the magazine for having published an offending joke, stormed the Cu-Cut! offices.[8] |
| 1907 | 3 August | Solidaridad Obrera labor federation founded. |
| 1909 | 25 July | Beginning of theTragic Week. |
| 13 October | The radicalfreethinker, anarchist, andeducationistFrancesc Ferrer i Guàrdia is executed, falsely accused of orchestrating the Tragic Week. | |
| 1910 | 30 October | CNT,Anarcho-syndicalist trade union, founded in Barcelona.[9] |
| 1911 | 6 January | First edition of theVolta a Catalunya cycle race begins. |
| 1914 | 6 April | Commonwealth of Catalonia established.Enric Prat de la Riba (Regionalist League) appointed its first president. |
| Library of Catalonia opens to the public.[9] | ||
| 1919 | February | La Canadiense strike. Among its consequences was to force the Spanish government to issue the first law limiting theworking day to eight hours. |
| 1925 | 20 March | Miguel Primo de Rivera, Spanish dictator, disbanded the Commonwealth of Catalonia. |
| 1926 | 4 November | Events of Prats de Molló:Francesc Macià, leader of the pro-independence partyEstat Català, tried to liberate Catalonia from France with a small army and proclaim the Catalan Republic, but he was betrayed and arrested. |
| 1929 | 1929 Barcelona International Exposition. | |
| 1931 | 14 April | Francesc Macià proclaimed theCatalan Republic within the "Iberian Federation".[10] |
| 17 April | After negotiation, the Catalan Republic becomes the Generalitat, the Catalan institution of self-government within the Spanish Republic. | |
| 1932 | 18 January | Anarchist insurrection in the Alt Llobregat mining area. |
| 9 September | Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia approved by the Spanish Parliament.Catalonia became an autonomous region within the Spanish Republic.[11] | |
| 20 November | First election to theParliament of Catalonia, theRepublican Left of Catalonia (ERC) won a large majority of seats.[12] | |
| 14 December | The Parliament appointed Francesc Macià (ERC) as president of the Generalitat of Catalonia. | |
| 1934 | 1 January | The Parliament appointedLluís Companys (ERC) as president of the Generalitat of Catalonia right after the death of Macià on 25 December 1933. |
| 21 March | Crop Contracts Law passed by Catalan Parliament. | |
| 6 October | Lluís Companys proclaimed theCatalan State of the Spanish Federal Republic. The Spanish army quickly suppressed the proclamation, arresting Companys and the Catalan government. Self-government suspended. | |
| 11 November | Art Museum of Catalonia inaugurated.[13] | |
| 1936 | 19 February | After thePopular Front victory in theFebruary 1936 Spanish general election, the Catalan government was pardoned and reinstated. |
| 19 July | Military uprising in Barcelona, as part of thecoup against the Republic. Forces of the Generalitat and trade unions stopped the coup in Barcelona and Catalonia. Beginning of theSpanish Civil War.Anarchists take control de facto of Catalonia.People's Olympiad of Barcelona cancelled. | |
| 21 July | Central Committee of Antifascist Militias of Catalonia established. | |
| 24 October | The Generalitat passed the Decree on Collectivization and Workers' Control.[14] | |
| 6 December | People's Army of Catalonia raised. | |
| 1937 | 3 May | May Days, clashes between the anarchists andPOUM versus the forces of the Republic and the Generalitat, supported by thePSUC. The Republic recovered full control of Catalonia. |
| 1938 | 5 April | General Francisco Franco decrees the suppression of the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia and the Generalitat. |
| 25 July | Beginning of theBattle of the Ebro. | |
| 1939 | 26 January | Barcelona occupied by the Francoist amy, Lluís Companys and the Generalitat march into exile. |
| 1940 | 15 October | President Lluís Companys is executed inMontjuïc Castle of Barcelona byfiring squad inFrancoist Spain. |
| 1951 | 1 March | Barcelona tram strike protesting a plan by authorities to increase tram fares by up to 40%, first open demonstration against the Dictatorship.[15] |
| 1952 | 27 May | 35thInternational Eucharistic Congress held in Barcelona. |
| 1971 | 7 November | Assembly of Catalonia founded. |
| 1977 | 11 September | 1977 Catalan autonomy protest. |
| 23 October | The exiled president of Catalonia,Josep Tarradellas, returned to Barcelona and the Generalitat of Catalonia was restored. | |
| 1979 | 8 September | Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 1979. |
| 1980 | 20 March | First election to the reestablished Parliament of Catalonia.Convergència i Unió (CiU) became the winning party. |
| 24 April | The Parliament appointedJordi Pujol (CiU) as president of the Generalitat of Catalonia. | |
| 1983 | 6 April | Law of Linguistic Normalization of Catalan passed by the Parliament. |
| 8 September | Televisió de Catalunya founded.[16] | |
| 1992 | 25 July | 1992 Summer Olympic Games held inBarcelona.[17] |
| 1998 | 15 July | Law recognizingsame-sex partnerships passed by the Parliament. Catalonia became the first Spanish territory to recognize them.[18] |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 2002 | First book of theCivil Code of Catalonia passed by the Parliament. | |
| 2003 | 16 November | Election to the Parliament of Catalonia. TheSocialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC), theRepublican Left of Catalonia (ERC) andInitiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV-EUiA) were able to form a coalition government. |
| 16 December | The Parliament appointedPasqual Maragall (PSC) as President of the Generalitat of Catalonia | |
| 2005 | PADICAT is established. | |
| 2006 | 9 August | Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006. |
| 2010 | 28 June | At the request of the conservativePeople's Party, theConstitutional Court of Spain declared non valid many of the articles of the Statute of Autonomy. |
| 10 July | 2010 Catalan autonomy protest. | |
| 28 July | Ban on bullfighting in Catalonia passed by the Catalan Parliament. | |
| 2013 | 11 September | Catalan Way. |
| 2014 | 9 November | 2014 Catalan self-determination referendum. |
| 2015 | 9 November | Declaration of the Initiation of the Process of Independence of Catalonia. |
| 2017 | 17 August | Islamic terroristattacks in Barcelona andCambrils. |
| 1 October | 2017 Catalan independence referendum. | |
| 27 October | Independence declared. | |
| 27 October | Spanish Senate invoked Article 155 of the Spanish Constitution and PM Mariano Rajoy declared the dissolution of the Catalan Parliament and dismissed Catalonia's Government. | |
| 2018 | 1 May | Quim Torra was elected President of Catalonia after the Spanish courts blocked the election ofCarles Puigdemont, who had the support of the Catalan Parliament after theDecember election. |
City and town timelines
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
