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Timeline of Ankara

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Coordinates:39°52′30″N32°50′00″E / 39.875°N 32.8333°E /39.875; 32.8333

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is atimeline of thehistory of the city ofAnkara,Ankara Province,Turkey.

This is adynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help byediting the page to add missing items, with references toreliable sources.

Prior to 14th century

[edit]

Part ofa series on the

History ofTurkey

Turkey in Asia Minor and Transcaucasia, 1921

Prehistory

Prehistory of Anatolia

Palaeolithic Anatolia	c. 500,000– 10,000 BC
Mesolithic Anatolia	c. 11,000– 9,000 BC
Neolithic Anatolia	c. 8,000– 5,500 BC

Bronze Age

Troy	3000–700 BC
Hattians	2500–2000 BC
Akkadian Empire	2400–2150 BC
Luwians	2300–1400 BC
Assyria	1950–1750 BC
Kussara	1780–1680 BC
Achaeans (Homer)	1700–1300 BC
Kizzuwatna	1650–1450 BC
Hittites	1680–1220 BC
Arzawa	1500–1320 BC
Mitanni	1500–1300 BC
Hayasa-Azzi	1500–1290 BC
Lycia	1450–350 BC
Assuwa	1300–1250 BC
Diauehi	1200–800 BC
Neo-Hittites	1200–800 BC
Phrygia	1200–700 BC
Caria	1150–547 BC
Tuwanuwa	1000–700 BC
Ionia	1000–545 BC
Urartu	859–595/585 BC

Iron Age

Diauehi	1200–800 BC
Neo-Hittites	1200–800 BC
Phrygia	1200–700 BC
Caria	1150–547 BC
Doris	1100–560 BC
Aeolis	1000–560 BC
Tuwanuwa	1000–700 BC
Ionia	1000–545 BC
Urartu	859–595/585 BC
Median Empire	678–549 BC
Lydia	685–547 BC

Classical Age

Achaemenid Empire	559–331 BC
Kingdom of Alexander the Great	334–301 BC
Kingdom of Cappadocia	322–130 BC
Antigonids	306–168 BC
Seleucid Empire	305–64 BC
Ptolemaic Kingdom	305–30 BC
Kingdom of Pontus	302–64 BC
Bithynia	297–74 BC
Attalid kingdom	282–129 BC
Galatia	281–64 BC
Parthian Empire	247 BC–224 AD
Armenian Empire	190 BC–428 AD
Roman Republic	133–27 BC
Commagene	163 BC–72 AD
Ancient Rome	133 BC-27 BC–330 AD
Sasanian Empire	224–651 AD (briefly in Anatolia)

Medieval Age

Medieval Anatolia

Eastern Roman Empire	(330–1453; 1204-1261 in exile asEmpire of Nicaea)
Rashidun Caliphate	(637–656)
Great Seljuk State	(1037–1194)
Danishmends	(1071–1178)
Sultanate of Rum	(1077–1307)
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia	(1078–1375)
Anatolian beyliks	(1081–1423)
County of Edessa	(1098–1150)
Artuqids	(1101–1409)
Empire of Trebizond	(1204–1461)
Latin Empire	(1204–1261)
Karamanids	(1250–1487)
Ilkhanate	(1256–1335)
Jalayirid Sultanate	1337–1376
Timurid Empire	1370–1507
Kara Koyunlu	(1375–1468)
Ak Koyunlu	(1378–1501)

Ottoman Era

Periods of Ottoman Empire

Rise	(1299–1453)
Classical Age	(1453–1566)
Transformation	(1566–1703)
Old Regime	(1703–1789)
Decline and modernization	(1789–1908)
Defeat and dissolution	(1908–1922)

Republic of Turkey

Periods of Turkey

War of Independence	(1919–1922)
Provisional government	(1920–1923)
One-party period	(1923–1930) (1930–1945)
Multi-party period	(1945–present)

By topic

Timeline

Turkey portal

546 BCE –Achaemenid Persians in power (approximate date).^[1]
334 BCE – City taken by forces ofAlexander III of Macedon.^[1]
278 BCE –Celtic Galatians in power.^[2]
25 BCE – City taken by forces ofAugustus and becomes part of theRoman Empire.^[2]
20 BCE –Monumentum Ancyranum built.
3rd century CE – City besieged byGothic forces.
272 CE – City becomes part of Roman Empire again.
314 – Church council held.^{[citation needed]}
362 –Julian (emperor) of Roman Empire visits city; "Column of Julian" erected.^[2]
7th century – City becomes capital of theOpsician Theme.
8th century – City becomes capital of theBucellarian Theme.
1073 – City becomes part of theSeljuq Empire.
1101 –Ankara Castle captured by theCrusaders.
1227 –Ankara Castle captured by the Seljuqs.

14th–19th centuries

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1356 – City taken by forces of OttomanOrhan I.^[2]
1402 – 20 July:Battle of Ankara fought atÇubuk; TurkicTimur takes city.^[3]
1403 –Ottomans in power again.
1471 – Mahmut Paşa Bedesteni built.
1523 – Çengel Han built.
1566 – Cenabi Ahmed Pasa Mosque built.^[4]
1688 – Earthquake.^[1]
1832 –Ankara Castle renovated.
1864 – City becomes capital of theAnkara Vilayet.^[5]
1890 – Population: 27,825 (approximate).^[5]
1893 – Istanbul-Ankara railway constructed.^[1]

20th century

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1920
- 23 April:Government of the Grand National Assembly established.
- Hakimiyet-i Milliye newspaper begins publication.^[6]
1923
- 13 October: City becomes capital of theRepublic of Turkey.^[5]
- Gençlerbirliği S.K. football club formed.
1924
- Population: 35,000 (approximate).
- Musiki Muallim Mektebi opens.^{[citation needed]}
- Presidential Symphony Orchestra headquartered in Ankara.
1925
- Forest Farm established.
- Pembe Köşk becomes Turkish presidential residence.
1927
- Ankara Palas opens.^[7]
- Population: 44,553.
- Victory Monument erected.^[2]
1930
- City renamed "Ankara."^[1]
- Ethnography Museum of Ankara founded.
- State Art and Sculpture Museum built.
1932 –Pink Villa built.
1933 –Ankara Zoo established.
1935 –Ankara 19 Mayıs Stadium built.
1937 –Ankara Central Station inaugurated.
1938 – November:State funeral of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk held.
1940 – State Conservatory established.
1943 –Gençlik Parkı (park) andMuseum of Anatolian Civilizations opens.
1945 – Population: 226,712.^[8]
1946 – University of Ankara founded.^[1]
1948 –Ankara Opera House inaugurated.
1950 – Population: 286,781.
1953 –Anıtkabir mausoleum ofAtatürk erected.
1955 –Esenboğa Airport begins operating.
1956 – Middle East Technical University.^[1]
1961 –Turkish Grand National Assembly Museum opens.
1967 –Hacettepe University founded.^[5]
1971 –Barıṣ newspaper begins publication.^[6]
1973 – Population: 1,461,345 city; 1,553,897 urban agglomeration (approximate).^[9]
1974 –Yenikent Asaş Stadium built.
1978 – 9 October:Bahçelievler massacre.
1982 – 7 August:Esenboğa International Airport attack.
1983 – 16 January:Airplane accident.
1984
- City administration reorganized.^[10]
- Mehmet Altınsoy becomes mayor of Greater Ankara.
- Bilkent University founded.^[1]
- Turkish Aerospace Industries headquartered in Ankara.
- Population: 2,019,000 (estimate).^[11]
1987 –Kocatepe Mosque built.
1989
- National Assembly Mosque^[12] andAtakule Tower^[2] built.
- Murat Karayalçın becomes mayor.
1990 – March: Bombings.^[1]
1991 –Sheraton Ankara in business.
1993
- Bilkent Symphony Orchestra founded.
- Vedat Aydın becomes mayor.
1994 –Melih Gökçek becomes mayor.
1997 –Ankara Metro begins operating.

21st century

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2003 –Göksu Park was opened.
2004 –Wonderland Ankara was opened.
2005 –Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum of technology established.
2006 – 17 May:Turkish Council of State shooting.
2007
- 22 May:2007 Ankara bombing.^[13]
- Population: 3,953,344 (urban)^[14]
2009 –Eskişehir-AnkaraYüksek Hızlı Tren high-speed railway begins operating.
2010
- Cer Modern museum inaugurated.
- Ankara Arena was opened for use.
- 11 March: The events of the21st Ankara International Film Festival started.
- 8 April:Başkent Volleyball Hall was opened.
- 28 August:2010 FIBA World Championship Group C matches started in Ankara.
2011
- Kumrular Street attack was carried out by thePKK. 5 civilians lost their lives.
- 17 March: The events of the22nd Ankara International Film Festival started.
2012 - Population: 4,417,522.^[15]
2013
- 1 February:2013 United States embassy bombing in Ankara.
- 19 April:Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque was opened.
- May–June:2013 Taksim Gezi Park protests.^[16]
- 22 May:2013 Turkish Cup Final match played in Ankara.
- 5 December: TCDD Open Air Steam Locomotive Museum was closed to use.
2014
- 12 February:M3 (Ankara metro) was opened for use.
- 7 March: Within 2 thousand 117 pieces of toys where "Ankapark" was opened to the public.^[17]
- 13 March:M2 (Ankara metro) was opened for use.
- 5 August:Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway opened for service.^[18]
- 17 October: It opened for use as it renovatedOttoman Stadium.
- 20 October:Presidential Palace was opened.
2015
- 1 January:Battle of Sakarya Historical National Park was opened for use.
- 10 October: 86 die, 186 are injured from twoexplosions near peace rally.^[19]
- 31 October:Cebeci İnönü Stadium was closed to use.
2016
- 17 February:2016 Ankara Merasim Street bombing attack
- 13 March:2016 Ankara Güvenpark-Kızılay Square bombing attack
- 19 December:Andrei Karlov wasassassinated.
- 25 December: The2016 Ankara Cup event was held.
2017
- 5 January:Otoyol 21 project 5th (Niğde-Pozantı) was prepared.
- Population: 5,445,026 (estimate, urban agglomeration).^[20]

Images

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Palace of Çankaya (Pink Villa), 1935
Gençlik Park
Ankara Opera House
Old parliament building. Bus in front 1935.
A westbound YHT train waiting at Ankara station
New Presidential Compound in Ankara

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱStanley 2008.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^fCybriwsky 2013.
^Gabor Agoston and Bruce Alan Masters, ed. (2009)."Battle of Ankara".Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire.Facts on File.ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
^ArchNet.org."Ankara". Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived fromthe original on 23 October 2012.
^^a ^b ^c ^dBosworth 2007.
^^a ^b"Ankara (Turkey) Newspapers".WorldCat. USA:Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved21 March 2013.
^Alev Cinar (2012), "Cities", in Metin Heper; Sabri Sayari (eds.),Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey, New York: Routledge
^"Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York:Statistical Office of the United Nations.
^United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976)."Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Tuğrul Ansay; Don Wallace, Jr., eds. (2011),Introduction to Turkish Law (6th ed.), Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International
^United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987)."Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^"Islamic Cultural Heritage Database". Istanbul: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013.
^"Turkey Profile: Timeline".BBC News. 8 May 2012. Retrieved30 August 2014.
^"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 2011.United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.Covering Altindag, Cankaya, Etimesgut, Golbasi, Kecioren, Mamak, Sincan, and Yenimahalle districts in Ankara
^"Turkey".www.citypopulation.de. Oldenburg, Germany: Thomas Brinkhoff. Retrieved21 March 2013.
^"Turkey protests: Unrest rages in Istanbul and Ankara". BBC. 1 June 2013.
^"Ankara Ankapark halka açıldı!".Konuttimes.com. 7 March 2014.
^"Ankara-İstanbul Yüksek Hızlı Tren Hattı Hizmete Açıldı" (in Turkish). TCDD. 5 August 2014.
^Stanglin, Doug (10 October 2015)."Turkish PM blames suicide bombers in attack that kills 86".Asheville Citizen-Times.USA Today.
^"Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants",Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations

This article incorporates information from theTurkish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

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Published in 19th century

Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823),"Angora",A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
Evliya Çelebi (1834)."(Angora)".Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Seventeenth Century. Vol. 2. Translated byJoseph von Hammer-Purgstall. London:Oriental Translation Fund.
William Francis Ainsworth (1842). "(Angora)".Travels and Researches in Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, Chaldea, and Armenia. London: John W. Parker.hdl:2027/mdp.39015011911602.
"Angora",Handbook for Travellers in Turkey (3rd ed.), London:J. Murray, 1854,OCLC 2145740
"Angora" .Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (9th ed.). 1878. p. 45.

Published in 20th century

"Stadt Angora",Türkei, Rumänien, Serbien, Bulgarien [Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria],Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (6th ed.), Leipzig:Bibliographisches Institut, 1902,hdl:2027/njp.32101064637836
Anderson, John George Clark (1910)."Angora" .Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). pp. 40–41.
O. Altaban and M. Güvenç. "Urban Planning in Ankara," Cities: The International Journal of Urban Policy and Planning 7, no. 2 (1990)
"Central Anatolia: Ankara".Greece & Turkey.Let's Go. New York : St. Martin's Press. 1996. p. 520+.ISBN 9780312135447 – via Open Library.
Contesting Urban Space in Early Republican Ankara. Zeynep Kezer. Journal of Architectural Education 01/1998.JSTOR 1425491.
Toni M. Cross; Gary Leiser (2000),Brief History of Ankara, Vacaville, California: Indian Ford Press,ISBN 0965595811

Published in 21st century

Elvan Altan Ergut (2006)."Presenting Ankara".Rethinking Architectural Historiography. Routledge. p. 151+.ISBN 978-1-134-23629-9.
C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Ankara".Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden:Koninklijke Brill. p. 26+.ISBN 978-9004153882.
Bruce E. Stanley; Michael R.T. Dumper, eds. (2007), "Ankara",Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA:ABC-CLIO (published 2008), p. 35+,ISBN 9781576079195
Zeynep Kezer (2009)."Ankara". In Emily Gunzburger Makas and Tanja Damljanovic Conley (ed.).Capital Cities in the Aftermath of Empires: Planning in Central and Southeastern Europe. Routledge. pp. 124–140.ISBN 978-1-135-16725-7.
"Ankara".Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009.
Ismail Hakki Kadi (2012)."Town of Ankara and its Mohair Industry".Ottoman and Dutch Merchants in the Eighteenth Century: Competition and Cooperation in Ankara, Izmir, and Amsterdam.Ottoman Empire and its Heritage. Brill. p. 29+.ISBN 978-90-04-22517-6.{{cite book}}:External link in|series= (help)
Deniz Altay (2012)."Urban Spaces Re-Defined in Daily Practices: 'Minibar', Ankara". In Lars Meier and Lars Frers (ed.).Encountering Urban Places: Visual and Material Performances in the City. Ashgate. p. 63+.ISBN 978-1-4094-8781-4.
Roman A. Cybriwsky (2013). "Ankara".Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 13+.ISBN 978-1-61069-248-9.

External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toHistory of Ankara.

v t e City of Ankara
Airports Bridges Culture Cycling Economy Education History (Timeline) Libraries Mayors Tallest buildings Topography Tourism
Transportation	Ankara Metro AŞTİ Ankara Esenboğa Airport Etimesgut Air Base EGO Ankara
Museums	Anıtkabir Atatürk Museum Mansion Erimtan Museum Pembe Köşk Museum of Anatolian Civilizations Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum Ethnography Museum Feza Gürsey Science Center Mehmet Akif Ersoy Literature Museum Library METU Science and Technology Museum MİT Museum of Espionage Roman Baths of Ankara State Art and Sculpture Museum TCDD Open Air Steam Locomotive Museum Ulucanlar Prison Museum Vakıf Museum War of Independence Museum
Theatres	125th Anniversary Çayyolu Stage Altındağ Theatre Ankara Opera House İrfan Şahinbaş Workshop Stage Küçük Theatre Mahir Canova Stage Muhsin Ertuğrul Stage Oda Theatre Şinasi Stage
Concert halls	Ankara Opera House Bilkent Concert Hall Çankaya Çağdaş Sanatlar Merkezi Concert Hall CSO Concert Hall IF Performance Hall Jolly Joker MEB Şura Salonu
Libraries	Presidential Library National Library Mehmet Akif Ersoy Literature Museum Library
Sport venues	Ankara 19 Mayıs Stadium Ankara 75th Anniversary Race Course Ankara Aktepe Stadium Ankara Arena Ankara Atatürk Sport Hall ASKI Sport Hall Başkent Volleyball Hall BelPa Ice Skating Facility Cebeci İnönü Stadium Eryaman Stadium New Ankara Stadium Osmanlı Stadium Selim Sırrı Tarcan Sport Hall THF Sport Hall TTF Ankara Tennis Training Center
High schools	Atatürk Anadolu Lisesi Atatürk Lisesi Science High School Gazi Anadolu Lisesi Lycée Français Charles de Gaulle, Ankara TED Ankara College Foundation Schools TVF Fine Arts and Sports High School
Universities Colleges	Ankara University Atılım University Bilkent University Çankaya University Gazi University Hacettepe University Hacettepe University Ankara State Conservatory Middle East Technical University TOBB University of Economy and Technology Turkish National Police Academy Yıldırım Beyazıt University
Religious buildings	Ankara Synagogue Aslanhane Mosque Hacı Bayram Mosque Kocatepe Mosque Maltepe Mosque St. Térèse Church
Parks	Altınpark Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo Dikmen Vadisi Esertepe Park Gençlik Parkı Gökçek Park Göksu Park Güvenpark Kuğulu Park Wonderland Ankara
Streets Squares	Atatürk Boulevard Bangabandhu Boulevard Cinnah Caddesi Gazi Mustafa Kemal Boulevard İsmet İnönü Boulevard Kızılay Square Mevlana Boulevard Mithatpaşa Avenue Sıhhiye Square Süslü Sokak Ulus Square Zafer Square
Others	Ankara Castle Ankara International Music Festival Hittite Sun Course Monument Kavaklıdere Keçiören Gondola Roman Road of Ankara Temple of Augustus and Rome Tomb of Karyağdı Hatun Victory Monument
Central Anatolia Region Turkey Category

v t e Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey
Adana Ankara Antalya Aydın Balıkesir Bursa Denizli Diyarbakır Erzurum Eskişehir Gaziantep Hatay İstanbul İzmir Kayseri Kocaeli Konya Kahramanmaraş Malatya Manisa Mardin Mersin Muğla Ordu Sakarya Samsun Şanlıurfa Tekirdağ Trabzon Van

v t e Years inTurkey (1923–present)
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Years inTurkey (1923–present)