 Ruins of Tiddis | |
  Shown within Algeria | |
| Location | Algeria |
|---|---|
| Region | Constantine Province |
| Coordinates | 36°27′48″N6°29′02″E / 36.463333°N 6.483889°E /36.463333; 6.483889 |
Tiddis (also known asCastellum Tidditanorum orTiddi[1]) was aRoman city that depended onCirta and a bishopric as "Tiddi", which remains a Latin Catholictitular see.
It was located on the territory of the current commune ofBéni Hamidane in theConstantine Province of easternAlgeria.[2]
Tiddis was built by the Romans as a "vicus" & defensive castellum of theConfederatio Cirtense, initially administered byCirta's Roman colonists and successively arranged according to their system of urbanization.[3][4]
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Modern times |
This prosperous town, established on a plateau, had a monumental gate, baths, industrial facilities (tanneries), a sanctuary toMithras dating back to the 4th century BC, and also a Christian chapel.[5][6]
The native town became Romanized just like the other towns near Cirta. Today one can cross it by following the main street as it goes from a monumental portal up between the houses, passing by the forum, a small square, and the curia. From inscriptions one knows the magistrates and decurions of the castellum. It belonged to the colony of Cirta and, with the other colonies of Rusicade, Milev and Chullu, formed part of the confederation of the IV colonies. Also among the public monuments cleared thus far are the public baths and cisterns (built by M. Cocceius Anicius Faustus in the middle of the 3d c. A.D.) and on top of the crag aTemple ofSaturn (which produced a great number of stelae now in the Constantine Museum). On the slopes of the cliff one can see many houses and the remains of the original rampart of the castellum. The Lollii were one of the important families of the town. Their circular mausoleum can still be seen some kilometers to the N. The monument was erected by Lollius Urbicus, prefect of the city of Rome under Antoninus Pius. At the end of the 5th c. the town is known to have been the seat of a bishopric. Two Christian basilicas have been cleared. One was located at the entrance of the town; the other was in a more distant district and has been only partially cleared.[7]
Castles and water tanks of all forms remind us that the city has gradually been abandoned because it lacked sources. One can admire the mausoleum thatQuintus Lollius Urbicus built, a native of Tiddis (and son of a romanised Berber landowner) who then became prefect of Rome.[1][8]
The localromance speaking community probably disappeared with theArab conquest in the second half of the 7th century, but some pottery remains showed the survival of a small village -with some christian inhabitants- inside the ruins of Tiddis until the XI century.[9]
Today, Tiddis is an authentic Roman site calledRes eddar or the "peak of the House" located in the Gorge of the Khreneg, just north of Cirta.[10] It marks the presence of a Roman civilization through rock art inscriptions and Roman pottery.
UnderByzantine control, Castellum Tidditanorum had two small churches and was the see of a diocese.[11]
Four bishops are assigned by Morcelli to this see, but Mesnage and Jaubert believe they were bishops ofTisedi, leaving only
In 1925 was established the "Titular Episcopal See of Tiddis"
Romano-Berber cities in Roman North Africa | ||
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1 UNESCO World Heritage Sites2 Proposed | ||
36°27′48″N6°29′02″E / 36.46333°N 6.48389°E /36.46333; 6.48389
