_theory.svg) | |
| Theory Information | |
|---|---|
| Order | Q Marcan Priority Matt Luke |
| Additional Sources | Q source |
| Gospels' Sources | |
| Matthew | Q, Mark |
| Mark | (Q) |
| Luke | Q, Mark, Matt, Luke |
| Theory History | |
| Proponents | Heinrich Julius Holtzmann,Eduard Simons,Hans Hinrich Wendt,Edward Y. Hincks,Robert Morgenthaler,Robert H. Gundry |
Thethree-source hypothesis is a candidate solution to thesynoptic problem. It combines aspects of thetwo-source hypothesis and theFarrer hypothesis. It states that theGospel of Matthew and theGospel of Luke used theGospel of Mark and a sayings collection as primary sources, but that theGospel of Luke also used theGospel of Matthew as a subsidiary source. The hypothesis is named after the three documents it posits as sources, namely the sayings collection, the Gospel of Mark, and the Gospel of Matthew.
The sayings collection may be identified with Q, or with a subset of Q[1] if some (typically narrative-related) material normally assigned to Q is instead attributed to Matthew's creativity in conjunction with Luke's use of Matthew.
This theory has been advocated byHeinrich Julius Holtzmann,[2] Eduard Simons,[3]Hans Hinrich Wendt,[4] Edward Y. Hincks,[5] Robert Morgenthaler[6] andRobert H. Gundry.[7]
Alternatively, M.A.T. Linssen[8] proposes it as a variant by equating the sayings collection tothe Gospel of Thomas, suggesting that Matthew and Luke worked together to write different gospels, each targeted at their own audience.
