Sam Raimi first developed the concept of a film adaptation based onThor in 1991, but soon abandoned the project, leaving it in "development hell" for several years. During this time, the rights were picked up by various film studios until Marvel signedMark Protosevich to develop the project in 2006, and planned to finance and release it through Paramount.Matthew Vaughn was assigned to direct the film for a tentative 2010 release. However, after Vaughn was released from his holding deal in 2008, Branagh was approached and the film's release was rescheduled to 2011. The main characters were cast in 2009, and principal photography took place inCalifornia andNew Mexico from January to May 2010. The film was converted to3D in post-production.
Thor premiered in Sydney on April 17, 2011, and was released in the United States on May 6, as part ofPhase One of the MCU. It received generally positive reviews from critics and was a financial success, earning $449.3 million worldwide. Three sequels have been released:Thor: The Dark World (2013),Thor: Ragnarok (2017), andThor: Love and Thunder (2022).
In the present,[b] Odin's sonThor prepares to ascend to the throne of Asgard but is interrupted when Frost Giants, secretly allowed in by his brotherLoki, attempt to retrieve the Casket. Against Odin's order, Thor travels to Jotunheim to confront Laufey, accompanied by Loki, childhood friendSif and theWarriors Three:Volstagg,Fandral, andHogun. A battle ensues until Odin intervenes to save the Asgardians, destroying the fragile truce between the two races. As punishment for Thor's arrogance, Odin deems his son unworthy and strips his powers before exiling him to Earth as a mortal, accompanied by his hammerMjölnir, now protected by an enchantment that allows only the worthy to wield it.
Thor lands inNew Mexico, where astrophysicistDr. Jane Foster, her assistantDarcy Lewis, and mentor Dr.Erik Selvig find him. The local populace discovers Mjölnir, whichS.H.I.E.L.D. agentPhil Coulson soon commandeers before forcibly acquiring Foster's data about thewormhole that delivered Thor to Earth. Having learned about Mjölnir's nearby location, Thor seeks to retrieve it from the facility that S.H.I.E.L.D. has constructed and tries to lift it, but is unable to do so and is captured. With Selvig's help, he is freed and resigns himself to exile on Earth as he develops a romance with Foster.
Loki discovers that he is Laufey's biological son, adopted by Odin after the war ended. Loki confronts Odin, who wearily falls into the deep "Odinsleep" to recover his strength. Loki takes the throne in Odin's stead and offers Laufey the chance to kill Odin and retrieve the Casket. Sif and the Warriors Three, unhappy with Loki's rule, attempt to return Thor from exile, convincingHeimdall, gatekeeper of theBifröst—the means of traveling between worlds—to allow them passage to Earth. Aware and suspicious of their plan, Loki sends theDestroyer, a seemingly indestructibleautomaton, to pursue them and kill Thor. The warriors find Thor, but the Destroyer attacks and overpowers them, prompting Thor to offer himself instead. Struck by the Destroyer and near death, Thor proves himself worthy to wield Mjölnir. The hammer returns to him, restoring his powers and enabling him to defeat the Destroyer. Thor and Jane kiss each other goodbye before he leaves with his fellow Asgardians to confront Loki.
In Asgard, Loki betrays and kills Laufey. Thor arrives, and Loki reveals his plan to destroy Jotunheim with the Bifröst Bridge. Thor fights Loki before destroying the Bifröst Bridge to stop Loki's plan. Odin awakens and prevents the brothers from falling into the abyss created in the wake of the bridge's destruction; when Odin rejects Loki's pleas for approval, Loki allows himself to fall into the abyss. Thor makes amends with Odin, admitting he is not ready to be king and longs to see Jane. Meanwhile, on Earth, Foster and her team search for a way to open a portal to Asgard.
In apost-credits scene, Selvig is taken to a S.H.I.E.L.D. facility, whereNick Fury opens a briefcase and asks him to study a mysterious cube-shaped object,[c] which Fury says may hold untold power. An invisible Loki, who survived his fall and arrived on Earth, secretly prompts Selvig to agree.
Hemsworth promoting the film in London in April 2011
Chris Hemsworth asThor: Thecrown prince ofAsgard, based on theNorse mythological deityof the same name. DirectorKenneth Branagh and Marvel Studios chiefKevin Feige chose Hemsworth after a back-and-forth process in which the 25-year-old actor was initially dropped from consideration and then given a second chance to read for the part.[10] Hemsworth stated that he gained 20 pounds (9 kg) for the role by eating non-stop and revealed that "It wasn't untilThor that I started lifting weights, it was all pretty new to me."[11] After taking an initial costume fitting, Hemsworth returned three weeks later to find it did not fit because of the mass he had cultivated in that time span. At that point, he shifted away from eating a lot of calories and training to a kettlebell workout that would maintain his muscle mass rather than continuing to add to it.[12] Regarding his take on the character, Hemsworth said, "We just kept trying to humanize it all, and keep it very real. Look into all the research about the comic books that we could, but also bring it back to 'Who is this guy as a person, and what's his relationship with people in the individual scenes?'"[13] About approaching Thor's fighting style, he remarked, "First, we looked at the comic books and the posturing, the way [Thor] moves and fights, and a lot of his power seems to be drawn up through the ground. We talked about boxers, you know,Mike Tyson, very low to the ground and big open chest and big shoulder swings and very sort of brutal but graceful at the same time, and then as we shot stuff things became easier."[14]Dakota Goyo portrays a young Thor.
Natalie Portman asJane Foster: A scientist and Thor's love interest. Marvel Studios stated in an announcement that the character was updated from the comics' initial portrayal for the feature adaptation.[15] When asked why she took the role, Portman replied, "I just thought it sounded like a weird idea because Kenneth Branagh's directing it, so I was just like, 'Kenneth Branagh doingThor is super-weird, I've gotta do it.'"[16] Portman stated that she really wanted to do a big effects film that emphasized character, and getting to do it with Branagh was a new way of approaching it, relative toStar Wars.[17] Regarding her preparation for the role Portman remarked, "I signed on to do it before there was a script. And Ken, who's amazing, who is so incredible, was like, 'You can really help create this character'. I got to read all of these biographies of female scientists likeRosalind Franklin who actually discovered theDNA double helix but didn't get the credit for it. The struggles they had and the way that they thought – I was like, 'What a great opportunity, in a very big movie that is going to be seen by a lot of people, to have a woman as a scientist'. She's a very serious scientist. Because in the comic she's a nurse and now they made her anastrophysicist. Really, I know it sounds silly, but it is those little things that makes girls think it's possible. It doesn't give them a [role] model of 'Oh, I just have to dress cute in movies'".[18]
Hiddleston promoting the film in London in April 2011
Tom Hiddleston asLoki: Thor's adoptive brother and nemesis, based on the deityof the same name. Hiddleston was chosen after previously working with Branagh onIvanov andWallander.[19] Initially, Hiddleston auditioned to play Thor but Branagh decided his talent would be better harnessed playing Loki. Hiddleston stated that the character was "a comic book version ofEdmund inKing Lear, but nastier." Hiddleston had to keep a strict diet before the start of filming because Branagh wanted "Loki to have a lean and hungry look, likeCassius inJulius Caesar. Physically, he can't be posing as Thor".[20] Hiddleston looked atPeter O'Toole as inspiration for Loki as well, explaining, "Interestingly enough, [Kenneth Branagh] said to look at Peter O'Toole in two specific films,The Lion in Winter andLawrence of Arabia. What's interesting about ... his performance [as King Henry] is you see how damaged he is. There's a rawness [to his performance]; it's almost as if he's living with a layer of skin peeled away. He's grandiose and teary and, in a moment, by turns hilarious and then terrifying. What we wanted was that emotional volatility. It's a different acting style, it's not quite the same thing, but it's fascinating to go back and watch an actor as great as O'Toole head for those great high hills".[21] Ted Allpress portrays a young Loki.
Stellan Skarsgård asErik Selvig: A scientist doing research in New Mexico who encounters Thor.[22] Skarsgård stated that he was not initially familiar with the comic book version of Thor.[23] As to why he took the part, Skarsgård remarked, I "choseThor because of [director] Kenneth Branagh. The script was nice and we got to rehearse and talk to the writers and do some collaborating in the process to make it fit us. So I had a very happy time on it. What I always try to do is immediately do something I just haven't done so I get variation in my life. I've made about 90 films and if I did the same thing over and over again I would be bored by now. I try to pick different films, I go and do those big ones and having done that I can usually afford to go and do some really small obscure films and experiment a little".[24]
Kat Dennings asDarcy Lewis: A political science major who is Jane Foster's intern.[25] Dennings described her character as Foster's "little helpergnome".[17] Dennings stated that her role was expanded during the rehearsal process.[26] Dennings explained, "She's kind of like a cute, clueless, little puppy or maybe a hamster. There wasn't much on the page for the Darcy role to begin with and I didn't even see a script before I took the job so I didn't really know who Darcy was at first. But she really evolved—she's so much fun now even. She's veryScooby-Doo if that makes sense. She's always three steps behind and reacting to what's happening with these great expressions ... She gets things wrong and doesn't care."[27]
Colm Feore asLaufey: King of theFrost Giants and Loki's biological father, based on the mythological beingof the same name, who in myth was actually Loki's mother.[29] Feore stated it took five hours for his makeup to be applied.[30] About his character, Feore remarked, "I am the King of Frost Giants. And if you've seen any of the Frost Giants, you know that I am, of course, theNapoleon of Frost Giants. We've got some massive, fabulous guys who dwarf me and come in at around eight-and-a-half feet, nine feet. But, no. Can't you tell by the commanding presence? I am the boss".[29] He said the Shakespearean training he shared with Hopkins and director Branagh helped keep production moving briskly, saying that "during the breaks, Tony, myself and Ken would be talking in Shakespearean shorthand about what the characters were doing, what we thought they may be like, and how we could focus our attention more intelligently. These were discussions that took no more than a few minutes between takes, but they allowed Ken, Tony and [me] to understand each other instantly without Ken taking an hour away to explain to the actors exactly what was going on. So that was enormously helpful."[31]
Ray Stevenson asVolstagg: A member of theWarriors Three, a group of three Asgardian adventurers who are among Thor's closest comrades, known for both his hearty appetite and wide girth.[32] Stevenson previously worked with Kenneth Branagh in the 1998 filmThe Theory of Flight, and with Marvel Studios as the titular character inPunisher: War Zone. Stevenson wore afat suit for the role, stating, "I've tried the suit on, and what they've done is kind of sex him up: he's sort of slimmer but rounder." Stevenson said, "He's got every bit of thatFalstaffian verve and vigor, and a bit of a beer gut to suggest that enormous appetite, but he's not the sort ofWeeble-shaped figure he is in the comics. He's Falstaff with muscles. I've got this amazing foam-injected undersuit that flexes with me."[33]
Idris Elba asHeimdall: The all-seeing, all-hearing Asgardian sentry of thebifröst bridge, based on the mythological deityof the same name.[34] Elba said Branagh's involvement was a major incentive to take the role: "[Branagh] called me up personally and said, 'I know this isn't a big role, but I would really love to see you play it.' It's Kenneth Branagh. I was like, 'Definitely'".[35] About the role Elba remarked, "I did green screen for the first time! I wouldn't like to do a whole movie of green screen, though. You kind of forget the plot a little—like being in a Broadway play and doing it over and over and forgetting your line halfway through".[36] Elba stated he has made a four-picture commitment with Marvel Studios.[37] Elba's casting prompted a proposed boycott by theCouncil of Conservative Citizens and a debate amongst comic book fans, some insisting it was wrong for a black man to play a Nordic god. In response Elba called the debate "ridiculous".[38][39][40]
Jaimie Alexander asSif: A warrior and Thor's childhood friend, based on the mythological deityof the same name. Alexander was best known for her portrayal ofJessi XX on theABC Family seriesKyle XY.[41] Alexander said that she was familiar with Marvel Comics before having taken the part, having grown up with four brothers.[42] Alexander said the part required hours a day in the gym, though training is not unfamiliar to her, explaining she was one of few girls on herColleyville, Texas, high-school wrestling team.[43] Alexander described her character as "one of the guys" and that, "She's a very talented, skilled warrior and can stand on her own against any villain in the film". About her relationship with Thor she stated, "She is very loyal to Thor and cares a lot about protecting him and protecting Asgard".[44]
Rene Russo asFrigga: The wife of Odin, queen of Asgard, mother of Thor, and adoptive mother of Loki, based on the mythological deityof the same name.[45] Russo stated in March 2011 interview that she has signed on for possible sequels, although she stated that "who knows how many I'll do".[46]
Anthony Hopkins asOdin: The ruler of Asgard, father of Thor, and adoptive father of Loki, based on the mythological deityof the same name.[47] In an interview Hopkins stated he knew nothing of the comic. About the film he said, "It's a superhero movie, but with a bit ofShakespeare thrown in".[48] Hopkins stated, "I'm very interested in that relationship between fathers and sons", and that, "My father's relationship with me was cold. He was a hot-blood character but to me, cold. When I was young, he expressed his disappointment because I was bad in school and all of that. He didn't mean any harm, but I felt I could never meet up to his expectations." Hopkins expressed that he found a personal resonance in the Odin role, saying, "He's a stern man. He's a man with purpose. I play the god who banishes his son from the kingdom of Asgard because he screwed up. He's a hot-headed, temperamental young man... probably a chip off of the old block but I decide he's not really ready to rule the future kingdom, so I banish him. I'm harsh and my wife complains and I say, 'That is why I'm king.' He's ruthless, take-it-or-leave-it. Women are much more forgiving; men are not so forgiving. I know in my life, my karma is, 'If you don't like it, tough, move on.' And I move on. I'm a little like Odin myself".[49] In May 2016,Mel Gibson stated he was approached about the role but "didn't do it".[50]
Additionally,Tadanobu Asano portraysHogun, a member of the Warriors Three primarily identified by his grim demeanor and as the only member who is not anÆsir.[32] Ray Stevenson said of Asano's character, "He doesn't speak much but when he does, everybody shuts up. But also in the healing room where everyone licks their wounds, he's the guy who just goes about his business".[51]Josh Dallas portraysFandral, an irrepressibleswashbuckler and romantic member of the Warriors Three.[32]Stuart Townsend was initially cast afterZachary Levi was forced to vacate the role due to a scheduling conflict.[32][52] However, days before filming began, Townsend was replaced by Dallas citing "creative differences".[53] Dallas said he believed that Fandral "would like to think of himself a philanderer. He would like to think of himself, I was saying, as theR. Kelly of Asgard. He's a lover, not a fighter". Dallas mentioned thatErrol Flynn was an inspiration for the character stating, "He was a big inspiration for the character and for me. I watched a lot of his movies and kind of got that into my bones. I tried to bring out that little bit of Flynn-ness in it. Flynn had a lot of that boyish charm that Fandral's got...."[51]
"Thor's powers are godly, yes ... But at the end of the day, he's a man ... Odin sends him to Earth because he's not perfect. He's brash, arrogant. Even over-confident ... he also bleeds. He struggles. Life kicks him where it hurts the most ... You want to feel Thor's rage when he rages. You want to see him fight like hell, and take as much as he dishes out -- maybe more. You want to have a visceral reaction to the guy, and what happens to him. You don't want his adventures to be clean and antiseptic. You want to see the dirt, and grime and blood. You want to feel every bone crunching moment of every fight. And when he unleashes the storm, you want to feel like you're seeing the power of a GOD at work."
—Ashley Miller, co-writer ofThor, about the project[62]
Sam Raimi originally envisioned the idea forThor after makingDarkman (1990); he met Thor co-creatorStan Lee andpitched the concept to20th Century Fox, but they did not understand it.[63]Thor was abandoned until April 1997, whenMarvel Studios was beginning to expand rapidly.[64] The film gained momentum after the success ofX-Men (2000). The plan was forThor to be made for television.UPN was in talks for airing it; excited by the prospect, they pushed for a script and approachedTyler Mane to play Thor.[65] In May 2000, Marvel Studios broughtArtisan Entertainment to help finance it as a film, but by June 2004 the project still had yet to be patronized by a studio.[66][67][68]Sony Pictures Entertainment finally purchased the film rights, and in December 2004David S. Goyer was in negotiations to write and direct.[69] By 2005, though there were talks between Goyer and Marvel, Goyer was no longer interested, though at this point the film was still set to be distributed through Sony Pictures.[70]
Mark Protosevich, a fan of theThor comic book, agreed to write the script in April 2006, and the project moved toParamount Pictures, after it acquired the rights from Sony.[71] That year the film was announced to be a Marvel Studios production.[72] In December 2007, Protosevich described his plans for it "to be like asuperheroorigin story, but not one about a human gaining super powers, but of a god realizing his true potential. It's the story of anOld Testament god who becomes aNew Testament god".[73] Protosevich's script saw Odin banishing Thor to Earth in the Middle Ages, where he becomes enslaved by Norsemen before being rescued by Lady Sif and the Warriors Three.[74]: 148 In August 2007, Marvel Studios signedMatthew Vaughn to direct the film.[75] Vaughn then rewrote Protosevich's script in order to bring down the budget to $150 million, as Protosevich's first draft would have cost $300 million to produce.[76] After the success ofIron Man, Marvel Studios announced that they intended to releaseThor on June 4, 2010, withIron Man 2 being used to introduce the character of Thor.[77]
"Thor, at his best, has always had a classic bent in terms of his history, the way he speaks and the often Shakespearean dramas that surround him. That kind of dialogue and character needs someone who comes from a classically trained background in order for it not to sound forced or artificial. Branagh is the perfect choice."
—J. Michael Straczynski, co-writer ofThor, on Kenneth Branagh[78]
Vaughn was released when his holding deal expired in May 2008, at which point Marvel set Protosevich to work on a new draft and began searching for a new director.[79] Marvel Studios also approachedJ. Michael Straczynski to work on an outline.[74]: 148 Guillermo del Toro entered talks to direct the film. Del Toro was a fan ofJack Kirby's work on the comics, and said that he loved the character of Loki, but wished to incorporate more of the originalNorse mythology into the film,[80] including a "really dingyValhalla, [with]Vikings and mud".[81] However, del Toro ultimately turned downThor to directThe Hobbit. By September 2008,D. J. Caruso had been discussing taking on the project, though he did not read the script.[82] Later that month,Kenneth Branagh entered into negotiations to direct,[83] whileDaniel Craig was offered the leading role, but ultimately turned it down, citing his commitments to theJames Bond franchise.[84]
By December 2008, Branagh confirmed that he had been hired. He described it as "a human story right in the center of a big epic scenario".[85] In February 2009,Samuel L. Jackson, who had briefly portrayed Nick Fury at the end of the filmIron Man, signed on to reprise the role inThor as part of an unprecedented nine-picture deal with Marvel Studios.[60] In the same month, a casting call went out looking for actors with certain physical attributes to audition for the role of Thor.[86] Casting directorSarah Halley Finn said that casting Thor was "daunting" as the film demanded a lead actor could play "both an Asgardian god and a relatable Earth figure".[87] Marvel Studios set back the release date of the film in March 2009 from its scheduled July 16, 2010 date to June 17, 2011.[88] They later moved the release date to May 20, 2011, to distance the film's release from that ofCaptain America: The First Avenger, another Marvel Studios film that was scheduled to be released on July 22, 2011.[89] Marvel Studios then approached television writing teamAshley Edward Miller andZack Stentz to work on the script; they were chosen because Marvel was looking to get the script done quickly, understanding that television writers were usually able to get work done fast.[12]
In May 2009,Chris Hemsworth was in negotiations to portray the title role after a back-and-forth process in which the 25-year-old actor was refused early on, then given a second chance to read for the part. Hemsworth's brother,Liam also auditioned for the role, but was passed on by Marvel Studios headKevin Feige.[10]Josh Hartnett,Kevin McKidd, andTriple H were also considered for the role, whileCharlie Hunnam,Alexander Skarsgård, andJoel Kinnaman were tested.[90][10][12]Alan Ritchson auditioned, but lost the part after he failed to take the casting process seriously.[91]Channing Tatum also auditioned.[92] The next day, Marvel announced thatTom Hiddleston, who had worked with Branagh before and had initially been considered to portray the lead role, had been cast as Loki.[19] Branagh stated that he hoped to begin filming in January 2010.[93] In June 2009, Feige confirmed that both Hemsworth and Hiddleston had signed on.[94] Feige mentioned that the film would take place on both modern day Earth and Asgard but Thor's human host, Dr. Donald Blake, would not be included.[94]
In July 2009, Marvel announced thatNatalie Portman would portray Jane Foster.[15] Branaugh was drawn to the intelligence Portman brought to the role, while Stenz felt that "pretty much every notable Hollywood actress between the ages of twenty-five and thirty" were seen for the part.[12]Jaimie Alexander andColm Feore were reported to have joined the cast in September, with Alexander portrayingSif and Feore's role unrevealed, though it was thought to be a villain.[41] In an interview with Swedish news siteYstads Allehanda,Stellan Skarsgård stated that he had joined the cast, though he did not specify his role.[22] By late OctoberAnthony Hopkins had been cast asOdin in the film.[47] The following month, Marvel announced that they had cast the Warriors Three; Fandral was to be played byStuart Townsend, Hogun was to be played byTadanobu Asano and Volstagg was to be played byRay Stevenson.[32]Idris Elba was announced to have joined the cast, portraying Heimdall.[34] Natalie Portman revealed thatKat Dennings would be involved in the project, portraying Darcy, a coworker of Portman's Jane Foster.[25][95] Feige was inspired byThe Godfather (1972) since likeThor, that film is about "fathers and sons, and it’s about the actions that a father takes that his sons will have to answer for".[12]
In December 2009,Rene Russo was cast asFrigga, Thor's mother and Odin's wife.[45] Later that month, actors Joseph Gatt,Troy Brenna, and Josh Coxx had been cast in the film, though none of their roles were revealed.[55] In January 2010, Adriana Barraza had joined the film's cast, in a supporting capacity.[96] Only days before filming began, Stuart Townsend was replaced byJoshua Dallas as Fandral, citing "creative differences".[53] WhenSpider-Man 4's production stalled, Paramount and Marvel Entertainment pushed up the release ofThor by two weeks to May 6, 2011.[97]
TheScience & Entertainment Exchange introduced Marvel Entertainment, Kenneth Branagh, "the screenwriter, and a few people on the design and production side of things" to three physicists (Sean Carroll,Kevin Hand, and Jim Hartle), as well as physics student Kevin Hickerson, to provide a realistic science background for the Thor universe. The consultation resulted in a change in Jane Foster's profession, from nurse to particle physicist, and the terminology (Einstein-Rosen bridge) to describe theBifrost Bridge.[98]
DirectorKenneth Branagh promoting the film in London in April 2011
In October 2008, Marvel Studios signed a long-term lease agreement with Raleigh Studios to photograph their next four films—Iron Man 2,Thor,Captain America: The First Avenger andThe Avengers—at Raleigh'sManhattan Beach, California facility.[99] Filming onThor was scheduled to begin in Los Angeles mid-January 2010, then move toSanta Fe, New Mexico from March until late April.[100]Principal photography began on January 11, 2010.[101] A few days after filming began, Clark Gregg signed on to reprise his role fromIron Man andIron Man 2 as Agent Coulson.[28] In February, Paramount Pictures entered negotiations withDel Mar, California to use a 300-yard stretch of beach to film a scene forThor involving six horses running down the terrain. Paramount said this coastline was ideal because its gradual slope of sand down to the waterline creates excellent reflective opportunities on film.[102] On March 15, 2010, production ofThor moved toGalisteo, New Mexico whereCerro Pelon Ranch,[103] an old-fashioned Western film town, was extensively modified for the shoot.[104][105]
Branagh, a fan of the comic book since childhood, commented on the challenge of bridging Asgard and the modern world: "Inspired by the comic book world both pictorially and compositionally at once, we've tried to find a way to make a virtue and a celebration of the distinction between the worlds that exist in the film but absolutely make them live in the same world. It's about finding the framing style, the color palette, finding the texture and the amount of camera movement that helps celebrate and express the differences and the distinctions in those worlds. If it succeeds, it will mark this film as different.... The combination of the primitive and the sophisticated, the ancient and the modern, I think that potentially is the exciting fusion, the exciting tension in the film".[106]
By April, the prospect for filming parts ofThor inDel Mar, California had fallen through. Paramount Pictures sent a letter informing the city that it has instead chosen an undisclosedNorthern California location to film a beachfront scene for the film. The letter cited cost concerns with moving production too far away from its headquarters.[107] In April 2010, Jackson stated he would not be appearing inThor, despite the claims he would with his nine-picture deal;[108] however, later in the month he said he would be filming a scene forThor to serve as "connective tissue" forThe Avengers.[109] During filming, Marvel Studios enlisted the help of the writers it had in its in-house writers program, includingChristopher Yost andNicole Perlman, for uncredited on-set rewrites. Perlman worked on enhancing Jane Foster's role in the film in addition to some material with Odin and Thor in the New Mexico town, while Yost, along withThe Avengers writer and directorJoss Whedon, wrote material forJeremy Renner's cameo asClint Barton / Hawkeye, the character's first appearance in the MCU. Renner's cameo was filmed in a parking lot behind a grocery store.[74]: 173–174 Filming wrapped on May 6, 2010.[13]
The film'sBifröst travel sequences (top) were inspired byHubble photography (bottom).
In October 2010, casting calls revealed the film would be undergoing an undisclosed number of reshoots.[110] In March 2011, scenes involvingAdriana Barraza were removed from the theatrical cut of the film during the editing process. Branagh sent a letter of apology explaining the reasons for the cut and desire to work with Barraza again in the future. In response Barraza stated, "It saddens me because the movie is great and because I was acting alongside some tremendous actors that I admire very much, but I understand the nature of films, and it's not the first or last time that scenes will be cut".[111] Barraza appears in only one scene in the film's theatrical cut. In that same month,Douglas Tait revealed that he performed for motion capture of the Frost Giants.[112] On his hiring, Tait said "I am 6'5" and have a lean, athletic build, and they hired guys who were 6'7" and taller, and weighed over 250 pounds (110 kg). When the film was being edited, they wanted to make them even bigger and move faster. They auditioned people again and Kenneth Branagh chose me to perform the motion capture movements of the Frost Giants".[112] In April 2011, theIMAX Corporation, Paramount Pictures and Marvel Entertainment announced that they have finalized an agreement to release the film inIMAX 3D, continuing the partnership which began onIron Man 2.[113] Branagh stated that the 3-D process initially made him cringe but said "We came to feel that in our case 3-D could be the very good friend of story and character for a different kind of experience". Although the film was shot in 2D, Feige stated that the "special effects for the film were conceived and executed from the beginning in 3D".[114] Thepost-credits scene that seesNick Fury approach Erik Selvig to ask him to study the Tesseract, was directed byThe Avengers's director,Joss Whedon.[115]
BUF Compagnie served as the leadvisual effects vendor working on the film,[116] withDigital Domain also providing work on the film.[117] some of the software used for the visual effects wereAutodesk Softimage.[118] Branagh stated that BUF, who developed the effects for the race through space, were inspired byHubble photography and other images of deep space. Branagh stated he sent paintings from classic studies byJ. M. W. Turner to Digital Domain when creatingJotunheim.[119] Peter Butterworth, VFX supervisor and co-founder ofFuel VFX, said the most challenging task was interpreting what the Bifröst would look like, "You can'tGoogle what these things look like—they are totally imagined and within the heads of the stakeholders. So to extract that and interpret it for the big screen was an interesting challenge creatively. Technically, probably creating fluid simulations that could be art-directed and used for both the Bifröst and Odin's chamber shots. Part of the difficulty with solving these is that we had to ensure they would work in stereo.[120] In the film, Odin enters what is known as the "Odinsleep" in his chamber to regenerate. Butterworth stated, "For Odin's Chamber, we developed a dome and curtain of light rays that hover over Odin's bed. This dome of light suggests harnessed power and energy that revitalizes him as he sleeps. We took a lot of reference from the natural world such as the corona of the sun and gave the sleep effect plenty of volume and space".[120]
The film's score was written by composerPatrick Doyle, a frequent collaborator of Branagh. Doyle describedThor as "the most commercially high profile film I have done sinceFrankenstein",[121] adding that the composing process had the challenge of trying to find a tone that fit the duality of Asgard and Earth. Thus Doyle and Branagh had frequent discussions on the musical direction,[122] with the director suggesting a contemporary feel and having a balance between the music and "grand images [that] were not in any way hyperbolized", and the composer in turn implementing "a strong sense of melody, which he responds to in my work". As Doyle declared that his ownCeltic background made him familiar with Norse mythology, an old Celtic folk song also provided the inspiration for Thor's leitmotif.[121] A soundtrack album was released byBuena Vista Records in April 2011.[123]
The film also features a song by theFoo Fighters, "Walk", in both a scene where a powerless Thor shares someboilermakers with Selvig in a roadhouse, and the film's closing credits. Marvel president Kevin Feige stated that "Walk" was a last minute addition, that the crew felt had "these eerie appropriate lyrics and themes" upon hearing it. Branagh in particular thought that "these lyrics about learning to walk again" were appropriate "of [a] movie about redemption, learning to be a hero."[124]
In July 2010, Marvel Studios held aThor panel at the 2010San Diego Comic-Con during which Kenneth Branagh, Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman, Kat Dennings, Tom Hiddleston, and Clark Gregg discussed the film and showed some clips from it.[17] A few days later, this footage was leaked on the internet.[125] The first television advertisement was broadcast duringSuper Bowl XLV on theFox network in the United States. The rate for advertising during the game was approximately $3 million per 30-second spot.[126] Marvel Studios andAcura launched a jointviral marketing promotion at the 2011Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo.[127] Other official promotional partners includedBurger King,Dr. Pepper,7 Eleven, andVisa.[128] In May 2011Marvel Entertainment's President of Print, Animation and Digital,Dan Buckley, and Marvel Comics Editor-In-Chief,Axel Alonso, rang theNYSE closing bell in celebration of the theatrical release ofThor.[129]
A post-credits scene in the filmIron Man 2 showed Coulson reporting the discovery of a large hammer in the desert. Rick Marshall ofMTV News believed it to be the weapon Mjölnir belonging to Thor, writing, "It continues the grand tradition of connecting the film to another property in development around the Marvel movie universe."[130] In the commentary track ofIron Man 2's home media,Iron Man 2's director,Jon Favreau, stated that "this is a scene from [the set of]Thor ".[131]
Marvel Animation announced a 26-episode animated series in November 2008, to air in late 2010 before the release of Marvel Studios' film.[132] The company released an animateddirect-to-video film,Thor: Tales of Asgard, to coincide with the live-action film.[133]
A video game titledThor: God of Thunder based on the film was developed bySega using the voices and likenesses of actors Chris Hemsworth, Tom Hiddleston and Jaimie Alexander, and was released on May 3, 2011.[134]
In July 2011, Marvel Studios and Paramount Pictures announced the release ofThor onBlu-ray 3D,Blu-ray Disc andDVD. The discs were released byParamount Home Media Distribution on September 13, 2011, in three editions: a single-disc DVD, a 2-disc Blu-ray-DVD combo pack, and a 3-disc Blu-ray/DVD/3D combo pack. All sets come with deleted scenes and a "Road toThe Avengers" featurette. The 2-disc and 3-disc packs includes a digital copy, the first in a series ofMarvel One-Shots,The Consultant, and 7 behind-the-scenes featurettes.[143]
Branagh said that the DVD includes at least 20 minutes ofdeleted scenes. Branagh stated the footage contains "things like the Asgardian parents, Odin and Frigga, played by the beautiful Rene Russo, there's some beautiful scenes in there that I think people will enjoy. And certainly Thor and Loki interacting in different ways that just fill in a little bit of a back story, that was part of our rehearsal and research."[144] In its first week of release,Thor took the number one spot on Blu-ray/DVD sales chart and toppedHome Media Magazine's rental chart for the week.[145]
Thor grossed $181 million in the United States and Canada, and $268.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $449.3 million.[3] It was the 15th highest-grossing film of 2011.[149]
Thor earned $25.5 million on its opening day in the United States and Canada, including $3.3 million from Thursday previews,[139] for a total weekend gross of $65.7 million. $6.2 million of the gross came from IMAX 3D, while 60% of the gross was from 3D screenings.[140][141] It became the tenth highest-grossing film of 2011 in the United States and Canada,[150] and the highest-grossing comic-book film from May–August 2011.[151]
Thor's opening in Australia generated $5.8 million and placing second behindUniversal Pictures'Fast Five. The film's box office was just 1% more thanIron Man opening in Australia in 2008, Marvel's most popular release at the time.[152] The following week,Thor opened in 56 markets and took in $89.2 million through the weekend.[137] The film's highest grossing markets were the United Kingdom ($22.5 million), Australia ($20.1 million) and Mexico ($19.5 million).[153]
Thereview aggregatorRotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 77%, with an average score of 6.7/10, based on 296 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "A dazzling blockbuster that tempers its sweeping scope with wit, humor, and human drama,Thor is mighty Marvel entertainment."[154]Metacritic assigned a weighted average score of 57 out of 100, based on 40 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.[155] Audiences polled byCinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[156]
Richard Kuipers ofVariety stated, "Thor delivers the goods so long as butt is being kicked and family conflict is playing out in celestial dimensions, but is less thrilling during the Norse warrior god's rather brief banishment on Earth".[157] Megan Lehmann ofThe Hollywood Reporter wrote, "The hammer-hurling god of thunder kicks off this superhero summer with a bang".[158] In theChicago Sun-Times,Richard Roeper liked the film "Thanks in large part to a charming, funny and winning performance from Australian actor Chris Hemsworth in the title role,Thor is the most entertaining superhero debut since the originalSpider-Man".[159]
Roger Ebert of theChicago Sun-Times gave it a negative review stating, "Thor is a failure as a movie, but a success as marketing, an illustration of the ancient carnival tactic of telling the rubes anything to get them into the tent".[160]A.O. Scott ofThe New York Times disliked the film, calling it "an example of the programmed triumph of commercial calculation over imagination".[161]Kenneth Turan of theLos Angeles Times had mixed feelings, describing the film as "an aesthetic stand-off between predictable elements and unexpected ones". Turan praised the performances of Hemsworth, Hopkins, and Elba, but found the special effects inconsistent and the Earth storyline derivative.[162]
^According to the bookThe Marvel Cinematic Universe: An Official Timeline (2023), the film takes place in early 2010,[6] simultaneously with the events ofThe Incredible Hulk (2008) andIron Man 2 (2010).[7]
^"Under the Microscope: Thor".The Science & Entertainment Exchange. National Academy of Sciences. Archived fromthe original on July 26, 2011. RetrievedMay 24, 2011.
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