Muster played his first matches at the top-level in 1984, as a junior player, at the age of 16. In 1984, he played his first match forAustria in theDavis Cup. He also played at the1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, and in two tournaments on Austrian soil, the clay-court event inKitzbühel and the indoor carpet event inVienna.
Muster turned professional in 1985, regularly playing in Challenger tournaments throughout the year, winning inBelo Horizonte, as well as continuing to play in many top-level tournaments. Muster won his first top-level tournament at theDutch Open inHilversum in 1986.
In 1988, Muster reached six top-level tournament finals, winning four of them, inBoston,Bordeaux,Prague andBari. Muster finished the year ranked 16th in the world.
Early in 1989, he became the first Austrian to reach the semifinals of the Australian Open, eventually losing in four sets to world No. 1,Ivan Lendl on a very hot day.[2] Shortly after that, he became the first Austrian to reach the world top 10. On the night of 31 March 1989, he defeatedYannick Noah in five sets in the semifinals of theLipton International Players Championships inKey Biscayne, Florida, to set up a final against Lendl. However, in the early hours of 1 April 1989, just hours after his semifinal victory, he was struck by a drunk driver, severing ligaments in his left knee and forcing him to default the final. Muster flew back toVienna to undergo surgery. With the aid of a special chair designed to allow him to practice hitting balls while recovering from knee surgery, he returned to competitive tennis in September 1989.[3]
Muster's comeback continued in 1990, when he won three top-level tournaments on clay (including theItalian Open, defeatingAndrés Gómez in the semifinals andAndrei Chesnokov in the final)[4] and one title on hardcourt. Muster reached the semifinals of the1990 French Open, losing in straight sets to the eventual champion,Andrés Gómez.[5] He also helped Austria reach the semifinals of theDavis Cup, where they were eliminated 3–2 by the United States, despite winning both of his singles rubbers againstMichael Chang andAndre Agassi. That year, he was named theATP Tour's "Comeback Player of the Year."
In 1990, Muster won theAustrian Sportsman of the Year award.[6] He won two more top-level tournaments in 1991, and three more in 1992 (all on clay courts), with the biggest of these titles being the1992 Monte Carlo title, where he defeatedAaron Krickstein in the final. In 1993, Muster won seven titles. Muster's win–loss record on clay in 1993 was 55–10, although he failed to win any of the four big clay-court events of the year.
At both the1992 and1993 French Opens, Muster was defeated by the reigning French Open and Australian Open championJim Courier. At the1994 French Open, he won his second round match againstAndre Agassi in five sets but was then defeated by the serve-and-volley play ofPatrick Rafter in the next round, with Rafter's four set victory denying Muster a match against the reigning French Open championSergi Bruguera.
Muster won three clay-court titles in 1994. In March 1994, he defeatedMichael Stich of Germany in a first round Davis Cup tie inGraz, 6–4, 6–7, 4–6, 6–3, 12–10, after saving a match point when trailing at 7–8 in the fifth set. Despite Muster's win over Stich bringing Austria level at 2–2 in the tie, it was Germany who eventually won the decisive fifth rubber.[7]
In 1995, Muster enjoyed the best year of his career winning 12 tournaments, with 11 of those tournaments won on clay-courts. Between February and June 1995, Muster won 40 consecutive matches on clay (the longest winning streak on the surface sinceBjörn Borg had won 46 matches between 1977 and 1979). At the1995 Monte Carlo Masters, he defeatedAndrea Gaudenzi in the semifinals, despite struggling heavily in the latter stages of the match due to having a shortage of glucose in his blood and suffering a 40° fever, which required a brief spell in hospital after the match. The next day, he won the final againstBoris Becker, in five sets,[8] with Muster surviving two championship points in the fourth set tiebreak, the first of which saw Becker double-faulting after going for a big second serve. He went on to win his second Italian Open title, defeatingSergi Bruguera in the final. At the1995 French Open, Muster won his first and onlyGrand Slam singles title, defeatingYevgeny Kafelnikov in the semifinals and comfortably beating 1989 championMichael Chang in the final in straight sets.[9] Muster was the only Austrian to win a Grand Slam singles title until Dominic Thiem won the 2020 US Open. His win–loss record on clay in 1995 was a remarkable 65–2. Although his record on other surfaces was less impressive, a late season victory overPete Sampras on fast indoor carpet during his run to the title of the1995 Eurocard Open (October) – Singles Masters event inEssen, Germany, gave Muster an outside chance at finishing the year no. 1; however, Sampras finished the year at no. 1. Of the 12 tournaments that Muster won in 1995, he saved at least one match point held against him during six of them, with those six tournaments being held inEstoril,Barcelona,Monte Carlo,St. Pölten,Stuttgart Outdoor andUmag.
In 1995, Muster won theAustrian Sportsman of the Year award for the second time.[6] He continued to rack up clay-court victories in 1996. He won seven tournaments, six of them titles he successfully defended after winning them the year before. These 1996 tournament victories included his thirdMonte Carlo title, where he defeated clay court specialistAlbert Costa in the final, and his thirdItalian Open title, defeatingRichard Krajicek in the final. Muster's win–loss record on clay in 1996 was an impressive 46–3. This made his 1995–96 record on the surface 111–5, which was, at the time, the best two-year clay-court record since theopen era began in 1968. Despite Muster's continued dominance on clay-courts in 1996, he was upset in the Round of 16 at the1996 French Open, losing to eventual finalistMichael Stich in four sets. In July 1996, in the final of the1996 Mercedes Cup in Stuttgart, Muster defeated newly crowned French Open championYevgeny Kafelnikov in three straight sets.
In February 1996, Muster attained the world no. 1 ranking for the first time. He held the ranking initially for just one week, and then regained it for five weeks over March and April 1996. The validity of Muster's number one ranking was called into question by top AmericansPete Sampras andAndre Agassi, who argued that he had achieved the top spot based almost solely on his clay court results, although Muster had beaten Sampras on indoor carpet at the 1995 Masters event inEssen, Germany, and Agassi had only won tournaments on hardcourt in 1995.
In 1997, Muster enjoyed the best results of his career on hardcourt. He reached the semifinals of the1997 Australian Open, losing to eventual championPete Sampras. He then went on to win the tournament inDubai, defeatingGoran Ivanišević in the final. Following a semifinal showing at the1997 Newsweek Champions Cup and the State Farm Evert Cup in Indian Wells, California, Muster won his biggest title on hardcourt at the1997 Miami Masters, the same tournament where his career had nearly ended eight years earlier. After a semifinal victory overJim Courier—his third successive win over the American in early 1997—Muster defeatedSergi Bruguera in three straight sets in the final. Bruguera had defeated Sampras in the semifinals.
In August 1997, Muster made a hard-fought run to the championship round of theCincinnati Masters before losing the final to Sampras. Having reached the semifinals or better in four of the five most important hard court events of the season to date, Muster was one of the favorites at the1997 US Open – Men's singles. However, as the fifth seed, Muster received a difficult first round draw and fell in four sets to Great Britain'sTim Henman, then ranked world no. 21. Muster played decently indoors during the fall of 1997, reaching the semifinals of the1997 IPB Czech Indoor inOstrava, Czech Republic, and the quarterfinals of the1997 Paris Open. As an injury-replacement alternate, the Austrian made his fourth and final appearance in the ATP's year-end tournament, the1997 ATP Tour World Championships – Singles, losing his lone match toCarlos Moyá. Muster finished 1997 ranked world no. 9.
For the season, Muster achieved a 29–8 win–loss record on hardcourt, but he only won nine out of 18 matches on clay. Muster's1997 French Open campaign ended in the third round when unseededGustavo Kuerten, then ranked at 66 in the world, defeated him in five sets despite Muster holding a 3–0 lead in the fifth set. Kuerten went on to win the 1997 French Open title and usher in a new era on clay.
With a renewed focus on clay and the 1998 French Open, Muster enjoyed a better April and May than he had the year prior. A strong run to the semifinals on the hard courts of Indian Wells—where he beat top-ranked Sampras along the way—in March 1998 buoyed Muster onto the European clay. In his next event and first clay appearance of 1998, Muster reached the last top-level tournament final of his career in Estoril, losing toAlberto Berasategui in three sets.
Muster's 1998 results faded after the spring, and he reached just one semifinal (Mallorca) and one quarterfinal (Boston) for the remainder of the year. Muster opened 1999 with a semifinal showing in Sydney before struggling over the next few months, winning just two of his 12 matches after Sydney. Following his first-round loss toNicolás Lapentti at the1999 French Open, Muster quietly disappeared from the ATP Tour at the age of 31. Muster remains the only world no. 1 singles player who never managed to win a men's singles match at Wimbledon throughout his whole career (only made four appearances).
Muster only lost one Davis Cup singles match on clay in his career, whenGoran Ivanišević defeated him in April 1997, 6–7, 7–5, 6–7, 6–2, 7–5, despite Muster having won 112 of his previous 117 matches on clay going into the match. Muster's overall Davis Cup win–loss record, counting both singles and doubles matches, was 45–18. Muster's win–loss record in Davis Cup singles matches was 36–8, while his win–loss record in Davis Cup singles matches on clay was 29–1. Muster has more match wins in Davis Cup than any otherAustrian tennis player.
After he stopped playing tennis after the 1999 French Open, Muster moved toNoosa Heads, Australia, where he had officially resided since 1996, and married television presenterJo Beth Taylor in 2000. The couple have a son, Christian, who was born in 2001. Muster and Taylor separated in 2002 and divorced in 2005.[10] In 2003, Muster moved back to Austria, to work as a coach and captain of theAustrian Davis Cup team. He has played tennis on theATP Champions Tour. In April 2010, Muster married Caroline Ofner, and they have a daughter, Maxim, who was born in 2009.[11]
On 16 June 2010, at the age of 42, Muster announced his comeback to professional tennis. In July 2010, he played the first match of his comeback in a Challenger tournament in Braunschweig, where he lost in the first round. He went on to play in three Challenger tournaments in Kitzbühel, Como, and Rijeka. Eventually, in his fifth Challenger tournament in Ljubljana, Muster won his first comeback match, against Borut Puc of Croatia, which brought Muster back into the ATP singles ranking list at world number 988. Muster finished 2010 ranked at world number 980.
On 13 September 2011, Muster won a second match after his comeback, in the Todi Challenger, against the fifth seeded ArgentinianLeonardo Mayer. His next opponent was countrymanMartin Fischer, to whom Muster lost. On 19 September 2011, Muster reached world No. 847. He then lost his next match, at the Challenger tournament in Palermo, toAlessio di Mauro.
In October 2011, at the age of 44, Muster decided that he would play his last tennis match before retirement at the top-levelVienna tournament, where Muster lost to countryman,Dominic Thiem, in straight sets.[12] However, three weeks after playing in Vienna, Muster was back again, this time in a Challenger tournament in Salzburg, playing against Dennis Blömke. He lost a close three-set battle. This was his last match to date.
In the 1995 season, Muster won 12 men's singles tournament titles, a record for the ATP Tour (since 1990). In 2006Roger Federer tied the record.[13]
Muster has the highest winning percentage of singles tournament finals of all players who reached a minimum of 25 finals. Of his 55 finals, he won 44 with 11 defeats (80%).[14]
Holds the record for most titles in theATP 250 tournaments (former: ATP World Series) - 26
Since the founding of theATP Tour in 1990, he is the only tennis player who won the ATP titles on all sixcontinents.
(W) winner; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (P#) preliminary round; (DNQ) did not qualify; (A) absent; (Z#) Davis/Fed Cup Zonal Group (with number indication) or (PO) play-off; (G) gold, (S) silver or (B) bronze Olympic/Paralympic medal; (NMS) not a Masters tournament; (NTI) not a Tier I tournament; (P) postponed; (NH) not held; (SR) strike rate (events won / competed); (W–L) win–loss record.
Thomas Muster was married toJo Beth Taylor, an Australian television personality, from 2000 to 2005, having separated in 2002.[10] They have a son, Christian, who was born in 2001. In 2010, Muster married Caroline Ofner and they have a daughter, Maxim, born in 2009. The family divides time betweenStyria and Croatia.[15]