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TheThird National Assembly at Troezen (Greek:Γʹ Εθνοσυνέλευση της Τροιζήνας) was aGreek national assembly that convened atTroezen in 1827 during the latter stages of theGreek war of independence. Its aim was to complete the work of the 1826 'Third National Assembly of Epidaurus' - which had been interrupted due to the war events. The Third National Assembly at Trozen eventually ratified the first definitive charter of theFirst Hellenic Republic, the "Political Constitution of Greece". Additionally, statesmanIoannis Capodistrias was elected as the first Governor of theHellenic State.
The long-delayed Third National Assembly was initially convened in April 1826 atPiada, but cut short by the news of theFall of Missolonghi. Attempts to arrange a new Assembly in the autumn also failed due to disagreements among the various factions. Instead, two rival assemblies were established atAegina andKastri. Finally, after much deliberation, all parties agreed to participate in an assembly atTroezen. 168 delegates assembled there on 19 March 1827, under the chairmanship ofGeorgios Sisinis.
Having suffered from internal dissensions, the Assembly decided to create a supreme post to preside over the Executive, creating thus the office ofGovernor of Greece, to which it elected the then most distinguished Greek, CountIoannis Kapodistrias, for a seven-year term, on April 3. A Governmental Commission was set up to administer Greece until his arrival.
On 1 May, the Assembly approved by vote of thePolitical Constitution of Greece. For the first time, the Constitution was not labeled "Provisional", signaling the Greek aspirations for complete independence from theOttoman Empire. This Constitution consisted of 150 articles. It established key principles inGreek Constitutional history which remain to this day, such as the statement "Sovereignty lies with the people; every power derives from the people and exists for the people". It established a strictseparation of powers, vesting the executive power to the Governor and assigning to the body of the representatives of the people, namedBoule, the legislative power. The Governor only had a suspending veto on the bills, and lacked the right to dissolve the Parliament. He wasinviolable, while theSecretaries of the State, in other words the Ministers, assumed the responsibility for his public actions (thus introducing into the text of the 1827 Constitution the first elements of the so-calledparliamentary principle).
On 4 May 1827, a day before its dissolution, the Assembly also voted for establishingNafplion as the capital of Greece and seat of both parliament and government.
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