Theological hermeneutics is a field oftheology, broadly referring to the application ofhermeneutics, the theory and methodology of interpretation, to theological texts with theological means,[1] particularly toscripture.[2]
Christian theological hermeneutics dates fromPhilo andOrigen,[3] andReformers likeMartin Luther using the distinction between the Law and the Gospel[4] andJohn Calvin using the ideal ofbrevitas et facilitas[5][6] It often has a strong connection tobiblical hermeneutics, studying the principles of interpretation concerning the books of theBible as a basis for theologizing. Furthermore, it is part of the broader field ofhermeneutics which involves the study of principles for the text and includes all forms of communication: verbal and nonverbal.[7]
Theological hermeneutics in the mainstream Protestant tradition considers Christian biblical hermeneutics in the tradition of explication of the text, orexegesis, to deal with various principles that can be applied to the study ofScripture. If thecanon of Scripture is considered as an organic whole, rather than an accumulation of disparate individual texts written and edited in the course of history, then any interpretation that contradicts any other part of scripture is not considered to be sound. Biblical hermeneutics is often differentiated from theological hermeneutics, by drawing on different interpretative formulae. For instance, some have underscoredDispensational,Covenantal, andNew Covenantal models of theological hermeneutics.[8] Others have challenged these approaches and advocated forPostcolonial andFeminist approaches of theological hermeneutics.[9][10]
Talmudical Hermeneutics (Hebrew: approximately,מידות שהתורה נדרשת בהן) is the science which defines the rules and methods for the investigation and exact determination of the meaning of theScriptures, both legal and historical. Since theHalakah, however, is regarded simply as an exposition and explanation of theTorah,Talmudhermeneutics includes also the rules by which the requirements of the oral law are derived from and established by the written law.
Reconciling modern morals with biblical passages that condone morally problematic acts, such as genocide and other collective punishment
Rejecting or accepting folkways, social norms, and linguistic trends, picking and choosing as more fully informed Jews
Learning lessons in spite of biblical underrepresentation, or outright exclusion, of particular modern phenomena[15]
To at least some extent, this is an application of Talmudical hermeneutics to traditional source criticism of the competing Torah schools:Priestly,Deuteronomic, andone,two, or more that are non-Priestly and non-Deuteronomic.
Qur'anic hermeneutics is the study of theories of the interpretation and understanding of theQur'an, theMuslim holy book. Throughout religious history, Qur'anic scholars have sought to mine the wealth of its meanings by developing a variety of different systems ofhermeneutics.
^A. C. Thiselton (1988). "Hermeneutics". In Ferguson, Sinclair B.; Wright, David F.; Packer, J. I. (eds.).New Dictionary of Theology. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press. pp. 293–297.ISBN0-8308-1400-0.
^Hartill, J E 1960.Principles of Biblical Hermeneutics. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.
