 | |
| Author | Barbara Kingsolver |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Genre | Literary fiction Historical fiction |
| Publisher | Harper |
Publication date | 1998 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (hardback & paperback) andaudio-CD |
| Pages | 546 (hardcover), 543 (paperback) |
| ISBN | 0-06-017540-0 |
| OCLC | 38916924 |
| 813/.54 21 | |
| LC Class | PS3561.I496 P65 1998 |
The Poisonwood Bible is a 1998 novel byBarbara Kingsolver, which tells the story of amissionary family, the Prices, who in 1959 move from the U.S. state ofGeorgia to the village of Kilanga in theBelgian Congo, close to theKwilu River.
The novel's title refers toBible errata. The father of the family creates his own "misprint" of the Bible. He concludes his sermons with theKikongo expression "Tata Jesus is bängala" with the intent of saying "Jesus is most precious". In his hurried mispronunciation, he actually says "Jesus ispoisonwood".
Orleanna Price, the mother of the family, narrates the introductory chapter in five of the novel's seven sections. Thenarrative then alternates among the four daughters. The four girls increasingly mature and develop differently as each adapts to African village life and thepolitical turmoil that overtakes the Belgian Congo in the 1960s.
The Price family packs up their belongings for their flight to the Congo, where they are going to spend a year as the family of a missionary. However, shortly before leaving, they are informed that they are limited to 44 pounds of luggage per person. The Southern Baptist Mission League suggests they solve this problem by leaving for the airport wearing many layers of clothing, hiding household items among the layers of clothes to lighten their luggage.
The Price daughters – Rachel, Leah, Adah and Ruth May – and their mother, Orleanna, and father, Nathan, attend their first church service in the village of Kilanga, and they realize how different their culture is from that of the Congo. For example, 14-year-old Leah helps her father plant a "demonstration garden"; it immediately receives criticism from Mama Tataba, whom the family has engaged as a live-in maid, and the garden does poorly due to the inappropriate climate. Nathan tries to hold an impromptuEaster celebration in hopes of baptizing numerous people, but he is unable to carry this out, as the river along the village, where he plans to hold the baptism, is infested with crocodiles.
Leah and her twin Adah begin to spy on Eeben Axelroot, the pilot who conveyed the family to Kilanga, and Nathan tries to convince Congolese men, one by one, to convert to Christianity. Meanwhile, five-year-old Ruth May befriends the village children. She finds out about Axelroot's business with the diamonds after breaking her arm.
After Mama Tataba departs, an orphan boy named Nelson becomes the family servant. Nathan and Leah go to Leopoldville (present dayKinshasa) to witness what is going on with the independence in the Congo. Methuselah (a parrot the Prices adopted from the previous missionary) dies, and Adah finds his feathers. Ruth May becomes very sick and lies in bed for the majority of the day. Leah begins to spend a lot of time with Anatole, Kilanga's teacher, discussing topics such as justice and the Congo. Leah wants to participate in the hunt, which upsets the village elders, as it would go against their custom, but she eventually is allowed to participate and even hunts an antelope.
The girls all gather together in the morning to check out the chicken coop. Inside they find footprints and agreen mamba snake. A scream and gasp is heard from Ruth May, who has been bitten by the snake. The girls watch her turn cold and blue before she dies. Orleanna becomes filled with guilt over Ruth May's death, and takes the other children away, leaving her arrogant husband to fend for himself. With Anatole's help, they eventually reach safety.[1]
The remaining Price sisters go through many different life changes: Adah dedicates herself to getting a scientific education back home (she ishemiplegic and wants to learn more about the condition); Leah marries Anatole and they start a family together; Rachel remains perceptive but vain and distrustful of men, goes through a string of marriages, and starts a business; and Nathan dies in his unsuccessful mission: killed by a mob of Kilanga's villagers when they blame him for a crocodile attack on a boat of children.
The story ends with a final chapter from Ruth May reflecting on her sisters and mother attempting to visit her grave, but not being able to find it, and a woman telling them a place named Kilanga never existed. She watches her sisters and her mother, and has seen how they have matured; she has matured as well. Through her death, she finally is able to understand the Congolese termmuntu, which describes the concept of unity and how all life is connected in some way. She understands that she ismuntu, and a part of all that is around her. Ruth May only wants her mother to understand the concept and for her to move on. She asks for her mother to forgive herself and not live with the guilt anymore.
Writing inThe New York Times,Michiko Kakutani called the book "powerful", but said the socialallegories were at times "heavy-handed".[2]
John Mullan, reviewing the book in British newspaperThe Guardian, said the book was "remarkable not just for its story, but also for its narrative form".[3]
The Poisonwood Bible was selected forOprah's Book Club in 1999. Additionally that year, the book was a finalist for thePulitzer Prize in fiction.[4] It won the 2000Boeke Prize.
In March 2016, the book was discussed onBBC Radio 4'sA Good Read.[5]
In March 2019, Bond Group Entertainment – a production company launched by actressAmy Adams and her managerStacy O'Neil – secured a first-look deal withHBO to develop a TV adaptation of Kingsolver's novel. Adams and O’Neil will executive produce the limited series, whileAnya Epstein and Kingsolver are writing the screenplay.[6]
