TheManiototo Plain, usually simply known as TheManiototo, is an elevated inland region inOtago,New Zealand.[1] The region roughly surrounds the upper reaches of theTaieri River and theManuherikia River. It is bounded by theKakanui Range to the north and theRock and Pillar Range to the southeast. It has a harsh, dry climate, ranging from over 30 °C in mid-summer to -15 °C in mid-winter.
The region is sparsely populated, with the largest centres beingRanfurly,Naseby, Wedderburn andOturehua.
Part of theCanterbury-Otago tussock grasslands the land surrounding the plain is hilly, with many outcrops of rock which also break up the plain in places.
During the 1860s the region was one of the sites of theOtago gold rush, and relics from that era can still be seen around the towns ofKyeburn,Naseby, andSt. Bathans.
Sheep farming is the major source of income. The area is closely associated with the sport ofcurling. Naseby has the only indoor curling rink and the only natural luge track in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Maniototo statistical area covers 2,370.97 km2 (915.44 sq mi)[2] and had an estimated population of 1,820 as of June 2024,[3] with a population density of 0.8 people per km2.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 1,566 | — |
| 2013 | 1,554 | −0.11% |
| 2018 | 1,635 | +1.02% |
| Source:[4] | ||
Maniototo had a population of 1,635 at the2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 81 people (5.2%) since the2013 census, and an increase of 69 people (4.4%) since the2006 census. There were 693 households, comprising 837 males and 798 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.05 males per female. The median age was 48.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 279 people (17.1%) aged under 15 years, 228 (13.9%) aged 15 to 29, 726 (44.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 399 (24.4%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 90.8% European/Pākehā, 9.5%Māori, 0.7%Pasifika, 5.0%Asian, and 1.1% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 11.9, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 42.0% had no religion, 49.5% wereChristian, 0.2% hadMāori religious beliefs, 0.2% wereHindu and 0.9% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 177 (13.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 327 (24.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $29,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 150 people (11.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 678 (50.0%) people were employed full-time, 225 (16.6%) were part-time, and 18 (1.3%) were unemployed.[4]
Maniototo County Council existed between June 1877 and October 1989, when it became part of theCentral Otago District Council. It was larger than the statistical area, at 1,239 sq mi (3,210 km2) and included theridings of Mount Ida (Naseby),Hyde, St Bathans, Serpentine, Kyeburn, Puketoi andIdaburn.[5] The county offices were moved from Naseby to Ranfurly in 1936.[6]
The originalMāori name for the area isMāniatoto,[7] 'plains of blood', which either referred to the red tussock that covers the landscape[7] or to old battles.[8][9]
EarlyPākehā settlers knew the area as Napiers Plain after Peter Napier, who purchased arun there in the 1850s.[10]
'Maniatoto' was the official name adopted by the Honorary Geographic Board of New Zealand in 1928, but the county council preferred 'Maniototo', possibly because it had already installed a large sign with that spelling.[11]
While the New Zealand Geographic Board reaffirmed the Maniatoto spelling in 1948, it changed the official name toManiototo in 1954 due to "long and accepted usage".[10]
In late May 2024, theCentral Otago District Council (CODC) rejected a motion to rename Maniototo Community Board to its correct Māori name Māniatoto. While the CODC acknowledged the error, the majority of councillors voted against the name change since it was not supported by the community board. According to board member and Councillor Stu Duncan, 90% of the community opposed the name change.Mayor of Central OtagoTim Cadogan was the only member of the Council to support the name change.[12]
The Maniototo plains are home to an array of native New Zealand wildlife and plants. TheOtekake Conservation Park managed by theNew Zealand Department of Conservation can be found at the northern end of the plains.
TheUpper Taieri River flows through the Maniototo plains and is one of the only scroll plains in theSouthern Hemisphere. The scroll plain works its way across the Maniototo and once flowed into an oxbow lake near the township of Kokonga. The lake was drained through agricultural practices. Today, there is much work underway through an initiative calledTiaki Maniototo the local community, farmers and business to restore the scroll plain and enrich the biodiversity that can be found here.[13]
The Maniototo is home to native species of New Zealand freshwater fish known asGalaxias. RareRoundhead Galaxias (Galaxias anomalus) andFlathead Galaxias (Galaxias depressiceps) can be found in many creeks, streams and rivers across the plains and there is much work underway to protect their habitats from damage and introduced species such astrout. Some rare species of Galaxias are only found on the Maniototo.
In the novelLiving in the Maniototo byJanet Frame, the region acts as a metaphor for the 'bloody plain' of the human imagination.
The scenery betweenOmakau and Ranfurly appeared inPeter Jackson'sThe Lord of the Rings film trilogy as the location for many of the scenes set inRohan.
The cast and crew of theJane Campion filmThe Power of the Dog which starsBenedict Cumberbatch stayed inNaseby while filming in theIda Valley in the Maniototo.[14]
45°09′13″S170°02′21″E / 45.1536°S 170.0392°E /-45.1536; 170.0392
