Thanlyin သန်လျင်မြို့ | |
|---|---|
City | |
_-_panoramio_(1).jpg) Street in downtown Thanlyin | |
  Thanlyin | |
| Coordinates:16°44′0″N96°15′0″E / 16.73333°N 96.25000°E /16.73333; 96.25000 | |
| Country |  Myanmar |
| Region |  Yangon Region |
| District | Thanlyin District |
| Township | Thanlyin Township |
| Area | |
• Total | 350.49 km2 (135.324 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[1] | |
• Total | 78,667 |
| • Density | 224.45/km2 (581.32/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC6:30 (MST) |
| Postal codes | 11291-11293 |
| Area codes | 1 (mobile: 80, 99) |
Thanlyin (Burmese:သန်လျင်မြို့,MLCTS:san lyang mrui.;pronounced[təɲɪ̀ɰ̃mjo̰] or[θàɰ̃ljɪ̀ɰ̃mjo̰];Mon:သေၚ်,[seaŋ]; formerlySyriam) is a major port city ofMyanmar, located acrossBago River from the city ofYangon. Thanlyin comprises 17 quarters and the surroundingThanlyin Township is home to the largest port in the country,Thilawa port, as well as theThilawa Special Economic Zone and various prominent universities.[1] Thanlyin is an urban area of Yangon Region, Myanmar, and a special economic center.
Thanlyin became a prominent port city in during theHanthawaddy kingdom when the port ofBago became silted in the 15th century. In 1599, the city was conquered by theKingdom of Mrauk U's Portuguese mercenaries. The leader of the mercenariesFilipe de Brito e Nicote was made governor of the city. However, in 1603, De Brito declared independence, and after defeating the invading Arakanese navy in 1604 and 1605, successfully establishedPortuguese rule over Syriam (or Sirião in Portuguese) under the Portugueseviceroy of Goa. Ten years later,Anaukpetlun of therestored Taungoo dynasty retook the city, and executed de Brito byimpalement.[2]
Thanlyin remained the major port of the Taungoo kingdom until the mid-18th century. In the 1740s, Thanlyin was made the base of theFrench East India Company for their help in the Mon'sreestablishment of Hanthawaddy Kingdom. The arrangement lasted until 1756 when KingAlaungpaya ofKonbaung dynasty captured the city. From then on, the importance has shifted toYangon across the river, which Alaungpaya founded just a year earlier.[3]
Thanlyin became part of theBritish Empire in 1852 after theSecond Anglo-Burmese War. The British made the city into the oil refinery center of the country in the early 20th century to process the oil shipped from central Burma. The refinery was destroyed duringWorld War II. The Thanlyin refinery was rebuilt in 1957, and underwent expansion in 1979 with Japanese assistance. In 1979 a pipeline was completed between Syriam and the Mann oilfield.
Since the 1990s, the city has undergone major changes. Thanlyin was finally connected to Yangon by road in 1993 when theThanlyin Bridge was built. In the late 1990s, Thilawa Port was built to handle the container ships away from Yangon's ports.[4] The city's population has increased from 43,000 in 1983 to 123,000 in 1996.[citation needed] As of 2023, the town had a population of 78,667 people.[1]
Thanlyin is connected to the country's highway network. TheThanlyin Bridge carriesHighway 6, which links Yangon with the Thilawa port and theThanlyin Industrial Zone. TheThanlyin Bridge 2, under construction since 2003, will link Thanlyin toHighway 2, the Yangon-Mandalay highway.[5] River ferries to theIrrawaddy delta over theTwante Canal are available from Yangon's passenger ports.
Thilawa Port, located just 8 miles (13 km) from the town's centre. is the largest deep water sea port in the country, and handles the majority of the shipped imports and exports to/from the country.[1]
Thanlyin's metro area is home toMyanmar Maritime University, one of the most selective universities in Burma. Since the early 2000s, students from Thanlyin and surrounding suburbs have to attend local universities: theUniversity of East Yangon for liberal arts and sciences,Technological University, Thanlyin for engineering andCo-operative University, Thanlyin for business. All four universities are located just outside the boundaries of Thanlyin town itself.[1]
Media related toThanlyin at Wikimedia CommonsCapital:Yangon | |||||||||||||||||||
| Taikkyi District |   | ||||||||||||||||||
| Hlegu District | |||||||||||||||||||
| Hmawbi District | |||||||||||||||||||
| Yangon |
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| Thanlyin District | |||||||||||||||||||
| Twante District | |||||||||||||||||||
| Main cities and towns | |||||||||||||||||||
1 - partially in Yangon city;2 - part of Yangon city | |||||||||||||||||||
