Harmala alkaloids are considered Schedule 9 prohibited substances under thePoisons Standard (October 2015).[12] A Schedule 9 substance is a substance which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or State or Territory Health Authorities.[12]
^abcdeBrimblecombe RW, Pinder RM (1975). "Indolealkylamines and Related Compounds".Hallucinogenic Agents. Bristol: Wright-Scientechnica. pp. 98–144.ISBN978-0-85608-011-1.OCLC2176880.OL4850660M.[...] the apparent superiority of extracts of Banisteriopsis over the pure harmine prompted the suggestion (Hochstein and Paradies, 1957) that either harmaline or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroharmine, or other as then unidentified constituents, were the psychoactive compounds. Naranjo (1967) has now confirmed their hallucinogenic activity in man together with that of 6-methoxyharmalan and 6-methoxytetrahydroharman. [...] 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroharmaline (4.31) was tested in only one subject, where it appeared to be about one-third as potent as harmaline in doses of 300 mg. (p.o.).
^abGrella B, Dukat M, Young R, Teitler M, Herrick-Davis K, Gauthier CB, et al. (April 1998). "Investigation of hallucinogenic and related beta-carbolines".Drug Alcohol Depend.50 (2):99–107.doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00163-4.PMID9649961.Racemic tetrahydroharmine has been examined only in a single subject and subjective effects, similar to those seen with harmaline, were reported at 300 mg p.o. (Naranjo, 1967). [...] tetrahydroharmine, the saturated or tetrahydro analog of harmaline, displays low affinity (Ki>10000 nM) [for the 5-HT2A receptor] [...] The affinity of S(−)- tetrahydroharmine (Ki=5890 nM) is somewhat higher than the affinity of its R(+)-isomer (Ki>10000 nM; Table 1).
^Buckholtz NS, Boggan WO (November 1977). "Monoamine oxidase inhibition in brain and liver produced by beta-carbolines: structure-activity relationships and substrate specificity".Biochemical Pharmacology.26 (21). Elsevier BV:1991–1996.doi:10.1016/0006-2952(77)90007-7.PMID921812.
^Callaway JC,McKenna DJ, Grob CS, Brito GS, Raymon LP, Poland RE, et al. (June 1999). "Pharmacokinetics of Hoasca alkaloids in healthy humans".Journal of Ethnopharmacology.65 (3):243–256.doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00168-8.PMID10404423.
^Glennon RA, Dukat M, Grella B, Hong S, Costantino L, Teitler M, et al. (August 2000). "Binding of beta-carbolines and related agents at serotonin (5-HT(2) and 5-HT(1A)), dopamine (D(2)) and benzodiazepine receptors".Drug Alcohol Depend.60 (2):121–132.doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00148-9.hdl:11380/17721.PMID10940539.
