Originally known as theHouston Oilers, the team was founded in 1959 by Houston oil tycoonBud Adams, who remained the owner until his death in 2013. The team began play in1960 inHouston, Texas, as a charter member of theAmerican Football League (AFL). The Houston Oilers won the first two AFL championships along with four division titles, and joined the NFL as part of theAFL–NFL merger in 1970. The Houston Oilers made playoff appearances from1978 to1980 and from1987 to1993, withHall of FamersEarl Campbell andWarren Moon, respectively.
In1997, the Houston Oilers moved to Nashville, Tennessee, playing at theLiberty Bowl Memorial Stadium inMemphis, Tennessee, for one season while waiting for a new stadium to be constructed. The team moved to Nashville'sVanderbilt Stadium in1998. For those two seasons, the team was known as theTennessee Oilers, but changed its name to the Titans for the1999 season, when they moved into Adelphia Coliseum, now known as Nissan Stadium. The Titans' training facility is in Saint Thomas Sports Park, a 31-acre site at the MetroCenter complex in Nashville.[7]
After failed attempts to start an NFL expansion team in Houston, Adams founded the Houston Oilers in 1959, as one of the eight charter members of the upstart American Football League (AFL) and a member of its Eastern Division.[8] Beginning play atJeppesen Stadium at theUniversity of Houston, the team moved toRice Stadium atRice University in 1965.[9][10] Led by quarterbackGeorge Blanda, who played with the team from 1960 to 1966, the Houston Oilers made it to each of the first three AFL championship games.[11] The Oilers won the first two AFL championships, both against theSan Diego Chargers, but lost the1962 American Football League Championship Game 20–17 to theDallas Texans, nowKansas City Chiefs, after double overtime.[12][13][14] The Houston Oilers failed to post a winning season in the next six seasons, but in1967, a 9–4–1 record returned the team to theAFL championship game where it lost 40–7 to theOakland Raiders.[15] The Houston Oilers moved into theAstrodome after the season, becoming the first professional football team to move into a domed stadium. After failing to qualify for the AFL playoffs in 1968, the Oilers qualified the following season in 1969, but were eliminated in the divisional round by the Oakland Raiders in a 56–7 blowout.[16][17]
Following the season, the AFL merged with the NFL in 1970, with the Houston Oilers being assigned to the new American Football Conference (AFC)'sCentral division.[18] The Houston Oilers failed to qualify for the NFL playoffs from 1970 to 1977, and posted one winning season in1975. In 1978, the Houston Oilers selected running backEarl Campbell with the first overall pick in the1978 NFL draft.[19] Campbell led the team to three consecutive playoff appearances as a wildcard berth from 1978 to 1980. Campbell led the NFL in rushing yards and won theOffensive Player of the Year Award in each of those three seasons.[20] The Oilers made it to the AFC championships in 1978 and 1979, but were defeated both times by thePittsburgh Steelers.[21][22]
The Houston Oilers failed to post a winning record between 1981 and 1987, a drought that ended when the Houston Oilers acquired quarterbackWarren Moon in 1987.[23][24] With Moon and Hall of Fame offensive linemenMike Munchak andBruce Matthews, the Houston Oilers made six consecutive playoff appearances from 1987 to 1993.[25] During the1992–93 NFL playoffs, the Houston Oilers earned the dubious distinction of being on the losing end of what was then the biggestcomeback in NFL history when in the divisional round, the Houston Oilers' third-quarter 32-point lead against theBuffalo Bills turned into a 41–38 loss in overtime. This remains the largest blown lead in playoff history.[26] After the 1993 season, Moon was traded to theMinnesota Vikings and Munchak retired to begin a coaching career.[27] The following season, the Oilers finished with a league-worst 2–14 season, andJack Pardee was fired as head coach after a 1–9 start and was succeeded byJeff Fisher.[28][29] The following two seasons, the Oilers drafted quarterbackSteve McNair and running backEddie George respectively, who became franchise players over the next several years. The Oilers respectively went 7–9 and 8–8 in their final two seasons in Houston.[30][31]
After the 1995 season, Bud Adams announced the move to Tennessee.[32] A Nashville stadium for the Tennessee Oilers would not be ready until1999, so the Tennessee Oilers planned to play two seasons atLiberty Bowl Memorial Stadium inMemphis, Tennessee.[33] The team was based in Nashville and commuted to Memphis, Tennessee for games.
Games in Memphis had some of the lowest NFL attendance since the 1950s. The first seven games of the season saw attendance below 27,000 people, and two games drew fewer than 18,000.
For the 1998 season, the Tennessee Oilers played their home games at the stadium on the campus of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. That year, the team was in playoff contention until losing their last two games for another 8–8 record. The Tennessee Oilers were 6–2 in Nashville and 2–6 on the road.[34]
During the 1998 offseason, Adams appointed an advisory committee to decide on a new name for the Tennessee Oilers to coincide with the opening of their new stadium, which was renamedNissan Stadium in 2015.[35] On November 14, 1998, the new name of Tennessee Titans was unveiled. The name is a nod to how Nashville is nicknamed the "Athens of the South" for its classical architecture and large number of higher learning institutions.
The 1999 season marked a remarkable beginning for the Titans, as they made a dramatic run to Super Bowl XXXIV. Led by head coach Jeff Fisher and quarterback Steve McNair, the team finished the regular season with a 13–3 record.[36] Their playoff journey included the famous "Music City Miracle" victory over the Buffalo Bills, where a last-second lateral play resulted in a kickoff return touchdown.[37] The Titans reached the Super Bowl but narrowly lost to the St. Louis Rams, falling one yard short of a potential game-tying touchdown.[38]
In the years following their Super Bowl appearance, the Titans experienced mixed success. They reached the playoffs several times in the early 2000s, with standout performances from players like running back Eddie George and defensive end Jevon Kearse. However, the team struggled with consistency and faced multiple rebuilding phases. Following the departures of George and McNair in 2003 and 2005, respectively, the Titans drafted quarterbackVince Young in 2006, who led the team to a playoff berth in 2007.[39] Despite being namedOffensive Rookie of the Year in 2006 and being a two-time Pro Bowl selection, Young's tenure was marred by injuries, inconsistency and clashes with Jeff Fisher. In 2008, Young was benched in favor of veteranKerry Collins, who led the Titans to a league best 13–3 record and a playoff appearance before being defeated in the divisional round of the playoffs to the Baltimore Ravens.[40] In 2009, following a 0–6 start under Collins, Young returned as starting quarterback and led the Titans to winning eight of their final ten games and narrowly missing the playoffs. The 2009 season was also notable as it was the season in which second-year running backChris Johnson became the sixth player to run for more than 2,000 yards in a season and brokeMarshall Faulk's record for most single season yards from scrimmage.[41][42] Johnson made three Pro Bowl appearances with the Titans before departing after the 2013 season.[43] Following the 2010 season, Young, Collins and Fisher all departed, and quarterbackJake Locker was drafted in 2011.[44] After spending his rookie season as a backup, Locker's career as a starter beginning in 2012 was marked by inconsistent play and numerous injuries, which led to his retirement shortly after departing from the team after the 2014 season after a four-year career.[45]
After posting a league-worst 2–14 record during the 2014 season, their worst since moving to Tennessee, the Titans drafted quarterbackMarcus Mariota in the 2015 NFL Draft with the second overall pick, who became the Titans' franchise quarterback for the next four seasons.[46] Although the Titans finished with another league worst record of 3–13 during the 2015 season, Mariota along with multi-Pro Bowl teammates such as tight endDelanie Walker, offensive tackleTaylor Lewan and defensive tackle/defensive endJurrell Casey, led the Titans to three consecutive winning records of 9–7 from 2016 to 2018. During the 2017 season, the Titans returned to the playoffs for the first time since the 2008 and won their first playoff game since 2003, overcoming a 21–3 halftime deficit against theKansas City Chiefs to win 22–21 before being eliminated in the divisional round.[47] The Titans saw their season end in the Divisional Round with a 35–14 loss to the New England Patriots.[48] Despite their postseason success in the 2017 season, the Titans moved on from head coach Mike Mularkey.[49]
The Titans entered a new era in the late 2010s with the hiring of head coachMike Vrabel in 2018.[50] Prominent players drafted during the 2019 season included defensive endJeffery Simmons and wide receiverA. J. Brown, both of whom would later have prolific careers with the team. Under Vrabel's leadership, during the 2019 season, Mariota was benched in favor of offseason trade acquisitionRyan Tannehill after a 2–4 start and with the emergence running backDerrick Henry, who led the NFL in rushing yards and rushing touchdowns, the team returned to prominence. The Titans reached the AFC Championship Game during the 2019 season.[51] Mariota, Walker and Casey all departed after the 2019 season.
Derrick Henry won the Offensive Player of the Year Award in 2020 after rushing for 2,000 yards.[52] Henry was part of a 2020 campaign that saw the Titans win the AFC South with an 11–5 record.[53] The Titans' season ended with a 20–13 loss to the Baltimore Ravens in the Wild Card Round.[54]
In the 2021 season, the Titans finished with a 12–5 record, won the AFC South, and got a first round bye.[55] The Titans' season ended with a Divisional Round 19–16 loss to the Cincinnati Bengals.[56] The Titans traded away Brown after the season. In 2022, the Titans suffered their first losing season since 2015 with a 7–10 mark, losing each of their last seven games despite a 7–3 start.[57] In the 2023 season, the Titans finished with a 6–11 record.[58] Following the 2023 season, Vrabel was fired as head coach.[59] Former Bengals offensive coordinator Brian Callahan was hired to be the team's head coach before the 2024 season.[60] Prominent departures that occurred during or after the 2023 season included Henry, Tannehill and two-time First-Team All-Pro safetyKevin Byard.
The Tennessee Titans uniforms used from1999 to2017.
When the team debuted as the Houston Oilers in 1960, its logo was an oil rigderrick. Except for minor color changes throughout the years, this logo remained the same until the team was renamed the Titans in 1999. The logo was originally called "Ol' Riggy", but this name was dropped before the1974 season.
The Oilers' uniforms consisted of blue or white jerseys, red trim, and white pants. From 1966 to 1971, the pants with both the blue and white jerseys were silver to match the color of the helmets. The team commonly wore light blue pants on the road with the white jerseys from 1972 to 1994, with the exception of the1980 season, and selected games in the mid-1980s, when the team wore an all-white road combination. For selected games in 1973 and 1974, and again from 1981 through 1984, the Oilers wore their white jerseys at home. CoachJeff Fisher discarded the light blue pants in 1995. From 1960 to about 1965 and from 1972 to 1974, the Oilers wore blue helmets; the helmets were silver from 1966 to 1971 and white from 1975 to 1998.
From 1997 to 1998, when it was known as the Tennessee Oilers, the team had an alternate logo that combined elements of theflag of Tennessee with the derrick. The team also wore its white uniforms during home games. In its two years as the Tennessee Oilers, the team wore its colored jerseys for road games against theMiami Dolphins and aThanksgiving Day game against theDallas Cowboys. It wore all white exclusively in its last year as the Tennessee Oilers.
When the team was renamed the Titans in 1999, it introduced a new logo that was a circle with three stars representing the state'sGrand Divisions, containing a large "T" with a trail of flames similar to a comet. The uniforms consisted of white helmets, red trim, and either navy or white jerseys. White pants were worn with the navy jerseys, and navy pants with the white jerseys. On both the navy and white jerseys, the outside shoulders and sleeves were light Titans blue. In a game against theWashington Redskins on October 15, 2006, the Titans wore their navy jerseys with navy pants for the first time. Since 2000, the Titans have worn their dark uniforms at home. They have worn white at home during daytime contests in September home games to gain an advantage with the heat, except in the2005,2006 and2008 seasons.
In 2003, the Titans introduced an alternate jersey that was light Titans blue with navy outside shoulders and sleeves, which was worn with blue pants. Until 2007, they wore the jersey twice in each regular-season game. They always wore the Titans blue jersey in their annual divisional game against theHouston Texans and for other selected home games. Their selection in those games was representative of the organization's ties to Houston and the AFL. On November 19, 2006, the Titans introduced light Titans blue pants in a game against thePhiladelphia Eagles. In December 2006, they combined the Titans blue pants with the Titans blue jersey to create an all Titans blue uniform.Vince Young appeared in this uniform in the cover art forMadden NFL 08.
During the 2006 season, the Titans wore seven different uniform combinations, pairing the white jersey with all three sets of pants (white, Titans blue, navy blue), the navy jersey with the white and navy pants, and the Titans blue jersey with navy and Titans blue pants. In a game against theAtlanta Falcons on October 7, 2007, the Titans paired the navy blue jersey with the Titans blue pants for the first time. They wore the navy blue jerseys with the light blue pants against theTampa Bay Buccaneers. The team paired the Titans blue jerseys with the white pants for the first time in a home game against theIndianapolis Colts on November 14, 2013. In 2008, the Titans blue jerseys became the regular home uniforms, with the navy blue jerseys being relegated to alternate status but not worn until 2013.[61]
In 2009, the Titans and theBuffalo Bills began the 2009 NFL preseason in the Hall of Fame Game. Played at Canton's Pro Football Hall of Fame Field atFawcett Stadium on August 9, 2009, the game was nationally televised onNBC. The Titans defeated the Bills, 21–18.[62] In honor of the AFL's 50th anniversary, the Titans wore Oilers' uniforms for the game.[63] In 2009, the team honored former quarterbackSteve McNair by placing a small, navy blue disc on the back of their helmets with McNair's white number nine inside of it.[64]
In2013, the team wore the navy blue jerseys twice in honor of their 15th anniversary as the Titans.[65] The Titans wore white jerseys for all games in2014, for the exceptions of two preseason home games, in which the team wore their light Titans blue jerseys, and a game against the Houston Texans on October 26, 2014, in which the Titans wore their navy blue uniforms.[66]
Beginning in2015, navy blue became the team's primary home jersey color again, marking the first time since 2007 that the Titans wore navy as their primary home jersey. The light Titans blue jersey, which was the team's primary jersey color from 2008 to 2014, became the team's alternate jersey for a second time.[67][68]
On April 4, 2018, the Titans debuted new uniforms that retain the color palette of navy blue, Titans blue and white, with new red and silver elements being introduced. The new helmets are navy blue with one silver sword-shaped stripe through the center and metallic gray face masks.[3][69][70]
On July 23, 2023, the Titans unveiled the throwback powder blue Oilers uniforms.[71]
On March 27, 2025, the light Titans blue jersey was reinstated as the team's primary home jersey, while wearing the navy blue jerseys only when the opposing home team wears white jerseys. In addition, the Oilers throwback uniform was not worn this season.[72][73] The standard uniform combinations will be cream blue with navy blue pants at home and white jersey with cream blue/white pants on the road.
The rivalry with the Jaguars began in 1995 when the Titans were the Houston Oilers.[74] The rivalry was heated in the late 1990s and early 2000s due to the success of both franchises at the time, including a season in which Jacksonville went 14–2 and Tennessee went 13–3.[75] That season, all three of Jacksonville's losses, including the playoffs, came against the Titans, who played that year in Super Bowl XXXIV.[76] The rivalry cooled when both teams experienced misfortune in the late 2000s to early 2010s, but both teams ended lengthy playoff droughts in2017.[77][78][79] As of the 2024 season, the Titans lead the all-time series 35–26.[80]
The Titans’ rivalry with theHouston Texans is more prevalent in Houston due to the Titans having previously played in the city. The Titans dominated the rivalry in the early 2000s, but the series has since evened out in the 2010s.[81][82][83][84] As of the 2024 season, the Titans lead the all-time series 24–22.[85]
Since the creation of the AFC South, the Titans and the Colts have been division rivals.[86][87][88] In 2011, the Titans swept the Colts after 11 straight losses.[89] In 2018, the Colts defeated the Titans in the last game of the regular season to clinch the final Wild Card spot, eliminating Tennessee from playoff contention. In 2020, the Titans claimed the AFC South championship over the Colts due to tie-breaking measures.[90] As of the 2024 season, the Colts lead the all-time series 39–22.[91]
While in the AFL, the Houston Oilers were in the same division as the Buffalo Bills, with the two teams combining for four AFL titles, but the Oilers were moved to the AFC Central division following the NFL-AFL merger. Their rivalry remained strong into the 1980s and 1990s withWarren Moon leading the Oilers againstJim Kelly and the Bills. Two of the most iconic playoff games in Oilers/Titans history have occurred against the Bills, specificallythe Comeback in 1993, and theMusic City Miracle on January 8, 2000.[92] The Bills and Titans were featured in an AFL legacy game in2009 as part of festivities commemorating the 50th anniversary of the AFL's foundation. Titans owner Bud Adams was fined $250,000 by the league following the 41–17 Titans win in which heobscenely gestured toward the Bills sideline. Adams and Bills ownerRalph Wilson had maintained a friendly rivalry and were the last living original AFL owners at that time.[93][94] A brief resurgence of the rivalry based on shared success and mutual respect occurred between 2018 and 2022, as head coachMike Vrabel and running backDerrick Henry led the Titans against Bills head coachSean McDermott and quarterbackJosh Allen.[95] As of the 2024 season, the Titans lead the all-time series 30–21.[96]
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the Titans and the Ravens began a rivalry, which flared up when former Titans quarterback Steve McNair went to the Ravens. From the realignment of the NFL's divisions in 2002 to the2020–21 NFL playoffs, the Titans have faced off against Baltimore five times in the postseason. Derrick Henry left the Titans in the 2024 offseason to play for the Ravens.[97][98] As of the 2024 season, the Ravens lead the all-time series 14–13.[99]
After the move to the AFC Central division, the Titans developed a rivalry with the Pittsburgh Steelers. The Steelers were the Oilers' primary divisional rival and by the 2020s, the Titans had played them more than any other NFL team.[100] As of the 2024 season, the Steelers lead the all-time series 49–32.[101]
During the Titans' first season in its new stadium, the end zone sections became known as the Flame Pit and fans began wearing head wear resembling flames.[107][108][109][110] Called "Flameheads", the costumes became prevalent during the Titans' successful years of the early 2000s, especially during their run toSuper Bowl XXXIV.[111][112][113][114] Flames are tied to the organization because inGreek Mythology, theTitanPrometheus stole fire and gave it to humanity.
Cheerleaders cheering on the crowd during a home game.T-Rac, the mascot of the Tennessee Titans.
TheTennessee Titans Cheerleaders represent the team in the NFL. They perform at every home game in Nissan Stadium and regularly do acts with the team's mascotT-Rac. They have 28 members with four captains.[115] They perform a variety of dance moves and high-risk stunts. They attend community events inMiddle Tennessee.
T-Rac is theraccoon mascot of the Titans, debuting in the team's inaugural preseason home game in August 1999 against theAtlanta Falcons.[116] The raccoon is the state animal of Tennessee. T-Rac appears at every game in Nissan Stadium and performs at community events in Tennessee.
After every Titans first down at Nissan Stadium, the jumbotron plays a scene from the movie300, where theSpartans chant afterKing Leonidas asks, "What is your profession?" Titans fans simultaneously perform the chant three times, "OOH! OOH! OOH!"[citation needed]
In 1999, Adams established a Titans/Oilers Hall of Fame after the 40th season of the franchise to honor past players and management, with the first class being seven that were all inducted on December 9, 1999.[117] It was changed to Oilers/Titans Ring of Honor in 2008.[118]Bum Phillips,Jeff Fisher andFloyd Reese were inducted in 2021.Billy "White Shoes" Johnson is the most recent inductee.[119][120][121][122]
The flagship radio station of theTitans Radio Network for several years wasWKDF 103.3-FM. WGFX 104.5-FM, the original Tennessee Oilers/Titans Radio flagship station, has served as the Titans Radio flagship station since the 2010 season.Taylor Zarzour is the team's play-by-play announcer, and former Titans assistant coachDave McGinnis, head coach of theArizona Cardinals from 2000 to 2003, provides color commentary during games.[127][128] Previous to McGinnis, former Titans tight endFrank Wycheck provided the color commentary. Larry Stone provides injury and scoring updates. The Titans Radio Network is broadcast on 70 stations.[129]
In 2011, the Titans extended its agreement with existing radio partners while creating a provision allowing home games to be broadcast on SiriusXM. They were the final team in the NFL to reach such a deal.[130]
Most preseason games are televised onNexstar stationWKRN-TV, theABC affiliate in Nashville, withThe Mike Vrabel Show, a weekly Tuesday night coach's show. The preseason games are distributed through a network consisting of Nexstar stations throughout the state and some affiliates where Nexstar has no stations.
For regular season games, Nashville CBS affiliateWTVF airs the most games due to itsAFC-centric rights.Fox affiliateWZTV carries home games against NFC opponents, with select flexed games,NBC affiliateWSMV-TV hasSunday Night Football broadcasts, and WKRN carries the team'sMonday Night Football games.
^abWyatt, Jim (April 4, 2018)."The Story Behind Titans New Uniforms, and Helmet".TennesseeTitans.com.Archived from the original on April 29, 2021. RetrievedApril 5, 2018.The color palette navy, Titan blue, red, silver and white remains unchanged.
^ab"Retired Jersey Numbers & Titans/Oilers Hall of Fame".2017 Tennessee Titans Media Guide(PDF). NFL Enterprises. September 26, 2017.Archived(PDF) from the original on January 19, 2018. RetrievedJuly 10, 2018.