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Mator language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromTaygi language)
Extinct Samoyedic language
For the Turkic language also known by the name Karagas, seeTofa language.
"Mator" redirects here; not to be confused withMatar,Mater,Mador,Mayor,Macor,Magor,Maior,Manor,Maror,Mavor,Mazor,Motor,Meteor, orMatador.
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Mator
Motor, Mator-Taigi-Karagas
Native toRussia
RegionnorthernSayan Mountains
EthnicityMators [ru], possibly alsoSoyots,Karagas
Extinct1839
Dialects
  • Mator
  • Taygi
  • Karagas
  • Soyot
Language codes
ISO 639-3mtm
mtm
 ymt
Glottologmato1250
nucl1288
map of the Altay region in Siberia
Traditional distribution of the extinct Sayan Samoyedic languages including Mator‍[1][2]
diagram denoting language status as extinct
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Mator orMotor is an extinctUralic language belonging to the group ofSamoyedic languages, extinct since around 1839. It was spoken in the northern region of theSayan Mountains inSiberia, close to theMongolian north border. The speakers of Mator,Matorians or Mators [ru], lived in a wide area from the eastern parts of theMinusinsk District (okrug) along theYenisei River to the region ofLake Baikal. Three dialects of Mator were recorded: Mator proper as well as Taygi and Karagas (occasionally portrayed as separate languages, but their differences are few). Mator was influenced byMongolic,Tungusic andTurkic languages before it went extinct, and may have even been possibly influenced by theIranic languages.‍[3][page needed] It went extinct as a result of the Mator peopleshifting linguistically to the relatedKamas language or nearbyAltaic-sprachbund languages, likeBuryat,Soyot,Khakas,Evenki andTatar.‍[4]

map of Siberia depicting ethnic distributions
A map of Siberian peoples in the 16th century with the Mators in  orange, near the bottom-center of the map.

Today the term "Mator people" is simply a name of aseok of theKoibal, one of the five territorial sub-division groups of theKhakas. (Note that the name "Koibal" likewise derives from the related SamoyedicKoibal language).

Mator has been frequently grouped together withSelkup andKamassian as "South Samoyedic". This is however a grouping by geographical area, and not considered to constitute an actual sub-branch of the Samoyedic languages.

Phonology

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Consonants

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Mator consonants[5]
BilabialDental/

Alveolar

PalatalVelarGlottal
Plosivevoiceless(p)tt͡ʃkʔ
voicedb(d)(d͡ʒ)(ɡ)
Fricativevoicelesss(ʃ)h
voiced(z)(ʒ)
Nasalmnɲŋ
Rhoticr
Approximantcentralj
laterall

Vowels

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Mator vowels[5]
FrontCentralBack
unroundedrounded
Closeshortiy(ɨ)u
long(ɨː)?
Midshorteøəo
longøː?əː
Openshortæa
longæː
Reduced

Lexicon

[edit]

Below are some Mator words from Helimski 1997.‍[3][page needed]

kälä
fish
mondoh
root
sörüh
rain
kaduh
storm
baada
word
kaasa
human
ämdä
horn
täjbä
nail
täär
divide, share
köhö
winter
öröh
autumn
teite
four
mən
me, I
tən
you
ter
hair
ajba
head
siime
eye

References

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  1. ^Rantanen, Timo; Vesakoski, Outi; Ylikoski, Jussi; Tolvanen, Harri (2021)."Geographical database of the Uralic languages".Zenodo (Data set). v. 1.0.doi:10.5281/zenodo.4784188.
  2. ^Rantanen, Timo; Tolvanen, Harri; Roose, Meeli; Ylikoski, Jussi; Vesakoski, Outi (8 June 2022). Wichmann, Søren (ed.)."Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic".PLOS ONE.17 (6) e0269648.Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1769648R.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269648.ISSN 1932-6203.PMC 9176854.PMID 35675367.
  3. ^abHelimski 1997.
  4. ^Bakró-Nagy, Marianne; Laakso, Johanna; Skribnik, Elena, eds. (2022).The Oxford Guide to the Uralic Languages. New York:Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/oso/9780198767664.001.0001.ISBN 978-0-19-876766-4.
  5. ^abHelimski 1997, p. 70.

Bibliography

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External links

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Finnic
Sámi
Eastern Sámi
Western Sámi
Unclassified
Mordvinic
Mari
Permic
Ugric
Eastern Ugric
Western Ugric
Samoyedic
Others
Reconstructed
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