| Tao-Rusyr Caldera | |
|---|---|
 Onekotan Island, withNemo Peak at top (north) and Tao-Rusyr Caldera at bottom. | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,325 m (4,347 ft) |
| Prominence | 1,325 m (4,347 ft)[1] |
| Listing | Ribu |
| Coordinates | 49°21′N154°42′E / 49.35°N 154.70°E /49.35; 154.70 |
| Geography | |
  Tao-Rusyr Caldera Tao-Rusyr Caldera (Sakhalin Oblast) Show map of Sakhalin Oblast | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Stratovolcano /Caldera |
| Last eruption | November 1952 |
Tao-Rusyr Caldera (Russian:Тао-Русыр) is astratovolcano located at the southern end ofOnekotan Island,Kuril Islands,Russia. It has 7.5 km widecaldera formed during a catastrophiceruption less than 10,000 years ago (reported ages range from 5,550 to 9,400Before Present). The waters ofKol'tsevoe Lake (Russian:Кольцевое озеро, Ring Lake) fill thecaldera, along with a large symmetricalandesitic cone,Krenitsyn Peak (Russian:Креницын;Japanese 黒石山;Kuroishiyama), that rises as an island within the lake. This volcano was named after CaptainPyotr Krenitsyn of theImperial Russian Navy.
The most recent eruption, in 1952, formed a small lava dome on the island's coast. Krenitsyn Peak has a summit crater 350 m wide and is the highest point of the volcano and on the entire Onekotan Island. Another caldera,Nemo Peak, lies at the northern end of the island, and it also contains acentral cone and crater lake.
The caldera forming eruption yielded about 50–60 cubic kilometres (12–14 cu mi) of material and destroyed the upper parts of the pre-existing volcano.[2] The event has been potentially identified in theGISP2ice core.[3]
The caldera forming eruption wiped out vegetation on southern Onekotan, and it took a long time for it to recover.[4] Only one historical eruption occurred at Tao-Rusyr, just after the1952 Severo-Kurilsk earthquake.[5]
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