| Tangkhul | |
|---|---|
| Luhupa | |
 Tangkhul written inMeitei script | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Manipur,Nagaland |
| Ethnicity | Tangkhul people |
Native speakers | 140,000 (2001)[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nmf |
| Glottolog | tang1336 |
| ELP | Tangkhul Naga |
| Part ofa series on |
| Naga people |
|---|
| Ethnic groups |
| Languages |
Tangkhul is aSino-Tibetan language of theTangkhulic branch, spoken in different villages ofUkhrul district,Manipur, India. The term "Tangkhul" is derived from theMeitei language terms,tāng (ꯇꯥꯡ,'scarce') andkhūl (ꯈꯨꯜ,'village').[2]According to another theory, the term "Tangkhul" is derived from "Thankhul", meaning "Than village" inMeitei language.[3][4][5]
Tangkhul became awritten language for the first time in the year 1897, whenWilliam Pettigrew compiled"Tangkhul Primer and Catechism", during hisChristian missionary activities.[6]
TheDepartment of Language Planning and Implementation of theGovernment of Manipur offers a sum of₹5,000 (equivalent to₹8,500 or US$100 in 2023), to every individual who learns Tangkhul language, under certain terms and conditions.[7]
Tangkhul shares 93%–94%lexical similarity with the Somra variety of Tangkhul, 31% with Tangkhul Naga spoken in India, 51%–52% withAkyaung Ari Naga, and 29%–32% withKoki Naga.[8]
| Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental/ Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
| Affricate | tʃ | ||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | h | |||
| nasalized | s̃ | ||||||
| voiced | z | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Rhotic | r | ||||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Approximant | w | ʋ | j | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | a |
... a sparse nature of settlement that the Tangkhul tribe got its name. In Meitei language-literally, Tang means scarce and khul means village.
... the village which they lived was known by the name ' THANKHUL ' meaning Than - Village in Meitei language . Therefore , the name ' TANGKHUL ' is derived from Than - Khul ...
The name Tangkhul was given to them by the Meiteis. There are many legends regarding the origin of the word Tangkhul.
The name Tangkhul was given to them by their neighbours, the Meiteis. The northern Tangkhuls were also called the Luhupas.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WesternHimalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim) |
|  | |||
| EasternHimalayas (Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal) | |||||
| Myanmar and Indo- Burmese border |
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| East andSoutheast Asia |
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| Dubious (possible isolates,Arunachal) |
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| Proposed groupings | |||||
| Proto-languages | |||||
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||