Tana Toraja Regency Kabupaten Tana Toraja
Regency
The traditionaltongkonans inKete Kesu [id]
Seal
Location withinSouth Sulawesi
Country	Indonesia
Province	South Sulawesi
Anniversary	1 September 1247; 778 years ago (1247-09-01)
Capital	Makale
Government
• Regent	Zadrak Tombeg [id]
• Vice Regent	Erianto Laso Paundanan [id]
Area [1]
• Total	2,043.62 km2 (789.05 sq mi)
Population  (mid 2023 estimate)[2]
• Total	257,901
• Density	126.198/km2 (326.852/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (WITA)
Area code	(+62) 423
Website	www.tanatorajakab.go.id

Tana TorajaRegency (indonesian Kabupaten tana torajatoraja language tondok toraya) is a landlocked regency (kabupaten) ofSouth Sulawesi Province ofIndonesia, and home to theToraja ethnic group. It covers an area of 2,054.30 km² (793.17 sq mi) and had a population of 221,081 at the 2010 census^[3] and 280,794 at the 2020 census;^[4] the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 291,046 (comprising 150,655 males and 140,391 females),^[5] but the official figure for mid 2023 was a much reduced total of 257,901 (comprising 132,284 males and 125,617 females).^[2]

The local government seat is in the town ofMakale, while the traditional center of Toraja culture is inRantepao. Formerly, the Tana Toraja area covered a larger area, but on 24 June 2008 this was divided into two regencies, consisting of Tana Toraja with its capital at Makale andToraja Utara (North Toraja) with its capital at Rantepao.

The Tana Toraja boundary was determined by theDutch East Indies government in 1909. In 1926, Tana Toraja was under the administration of theBugis state,Luwu. Theregentschap (or regency) status was given on 8 October 1946, the last regency given by the Dutch. Since 1984, Tana Toraja has been named as the secondtourist destination afterBali by the Ministry of Tourism, Indonesia. Since then, hundreds of thousands of foreign visitors have visited this regency. In addition, numerous Westernanthropologists have come to Tana Toraja to study the indigenous culture and people of Toraja.

The government in Toraja has been started since the governmentDutch East Indies. Based on the Emergency Law No. 3 of 1957, the District Level II Tana Toraja was formed which was inaugurated on 31 August 1957 with the first Regent of the Regional Head named Lakitta.^[6]

Decree of the Governor of the First Level Region of South Sulawesi Number 954/XI/1998 dated 14 December 1998, the district of Tana Toraja consisted of 9 definitive districts, 6 district representatives, 22 districts, and 63 villages. Then Law No. 22/1999 on Regional Government was issued, and followed up by issuing Regional Regulation No. 18 of 2000 dated 29 December 2000, 6 district representatives were changed to definitive districts, bringing the total number of districts to 15 definitive districts, 22 districts and 63 villages.^[6]

In 2001, the regional regulation no. 2 of 2001 dated 11 April 2001 provided for the entire description of the existing "village" to changed their names to "lembang". After the stipulation of Regional Regulation No. 2 of 2001 concerning the First Amendment to Regional Regulation No. 18 of 2000, the Regional Regulation of Tana-Toraja Regency Number 8 of 2004 concerning the second amendment to the Regional Regulation Number 18 of 2000, as well as the regional regulation number 6 of 2005 concerning the amendment of the Third Regional Regulation Number 18 of 2000, the Tana Toraja Regency area developed into 40 administrative districts (kecamatan), subdivided into 87 urbankelurahan and 223 lembang (rural villages).^[6]

Next came the discourse of regional expansion, namelyNorth Toraja Regency. The discourse of the expansion has created pros and cons among the Toraja people themselves. The formation of North Toraja Regency was finally determined through the plenary session of the People's Representative Council on 24 June 2008. However, the inauguration of North Toraja Regency was carried out two months later, which was coupled with the commemoration of the 51st anniversary of Tana Toraja Regency, namely on 31 August 2008.^[6]

Tana Toraja is centrally placed in the island ofSulawesi, 300 km north ofMakassar, the provincial capital of South Sulawesi. It lies between latitude of 2°-3° South and longitude 119°-120° East (center:3°S120°E / 3°S 120°E /-3; 120). The total area (since the separation of the new regency of North Toraja) is 2,043.62 km², about 4.5% of the total area of South Sulawesi province. The topography of Tana Toraja is mountainous; its minimum elevation is 150 m, while the maximum is 3,083 above the sea level.^[7]

Tana Toraja Regency comprises nineteen administrativeDistricts (Kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census^[3] and the 2020 census,^[4] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.^[2] The table also includes the locations of the administrative centres of the districts, the numbers ofadministrative villages within each district (totaling 47 urbankelurahan and 112 ruraldesa), and its post code.

Notes: (a) includes onekelurahan. (b) comprising 4kelurahan and 13desa. (c) comprising 3kelurahan and 9desa. (d) including 2kelurahan.
(e) comprising 14kelurahan and onedesa. (f) comprising 4kelurahan and 4desa. (g) all 5 arekelurahan. (h) comprising 3kelurahan and 3desa.

The original tribe that inhabits Tana Toraja is theToraja tribe. The Toraja people are a tribe who live in the mountainous region of the northern part of the province ofSouth Sulawesi, Indonesia. The population of the Toraja people is estimated at around 1 million people, and 500,000 of them are in Tana Toraja Regency,North Toraja Regency, andMamasa Regency. Most of the Toraja people embraceChristianity, while some adhere toIslam and an animist belief known as Aluk Todolo. The Indonesian government has recognized this belief as part of the Hindu religion.^[8]

The word Toraja itself comes from theBugis language, namely "to riaja" which means "people who live in the land above". In 1909, the Dutch colonial government called this tribe the Toraja. The Toraja tribe is famous for its funeral rituals,Tongkonan traditional houses and also various types of wood carvings typical of Toraja. Toraja funeral rituals are important social events, usually attended by hundreds of people and lasting for several days.^[8]

Before the 20th century, the Toraja tribe still lived in autonomous villages. They previously still adhered toanimism, and had not been touched by the outside world. In the early 1900s, Dutchmissionaries arrived and began to spread Christianity. Then, around the 1970s, Toraja people began to open up to the outside world, and Tana Toraja district (before it was expanded) became a symbol of Indonesian tourism. Then there was the development of Tana Toraja tourism, and it was studied byanthropology. So that in 1990-1s, the Toraja people underwent a cultural transformation, from a society with traditional and agrarian beliefs, to a society that was predominantly Christian, and the tourism sector in the Tana Toraja area continued to increase.^[8]

Based on data from the Ministry of Home Affairs in 2021, it is noted that a large majority of Tana Toraja's population (85.94%) adhered toChristianity, including 69.49% followingProtestantism and 16.45%Roman Catholicism. Most of the remaining population (12.17%) followedIslam, with smaller minorities adhering toHinduism (1.71%) andBuddhism (0.17%) and other faiths (0.01%).^[9][10]

The life of the indigenous people, namely theToraja people, as well as a unique culture, makes this highland area in South Sulawesi chosen by tourists to see and learn Toraja culture.

In 1974, Tongkonan Siguntu' dirara (traditional ceremony / Rambu Tuka') was attended by delegates from 60 foreign countries who attended the PATA conference in Jakarta in 1974. Since then Toraja has become known as a cultural tourism destination in Indonesia.

Tongkonan/house where Puang Sangalla' (king of Sangalla') lives. As the resting place of Puang Sangala' and also the palace where the government of the Sangalla' kingdom was managed at that time, Tongkonan Buntu Kalando had the title "tando tananan langi' lantangna Kaero tongkonan layuk". Currently Tongkonan Buntu Kalando is used as a museum to store prehistoric objects and relics of the Sangalla kingdom.

The graves of babies whose teeth have not yet grown (aged 6 months and under) are placed in a living tree that is hollowed out.

Tongkonan Pallawa is one of the tongkonan or traditional houses and is located among the bamboo trees at the top of the hill. The tongkonan is decorated with a number of buffalo horns that are plugged in the front of the traditional house. It is located about 12 km to the north of Rantepao.^[11]

The place is often referred to as the home of the spirits. At the Lemo cemetery, we can see corpses kept in the open air, in the middle of steep rocks. This burial complex is a blend of death, art and ritual. At certain times the clothes of the corpses will be changed through the Ma' Nene ceremony.^[11]

Located on Burake Hill, Tana Toraja has built theStatue of Jesus Christ Blessing which is claimed to be the tallestJesus statue in the world. This means that the location of the statue is at an altitude of 1100 meters above sea level or the location of the tallest statue in the world, while the size of the statue itself is not the highest in the world.^[11][12]

Tana Toraja is one of the conservation sites for theProto-Malayo-Polynesian cultural civilization which is still well-maintained today. Traditional culture, music, dance, oral literary arts, language, houses, carvings, weaving and culinary which are still very traditional, have made the Indonesian government strive for Tana Toraja to be known internationally, including by nominating Tana Toraja toUNESCO to become a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site since 2009.

Japan also supported making Tana Toraja a UNESCO World Heritage Site and has committed to participate in conservation efforts, especially related totraditional houses in the area. This support was conveyed in a meeting between the Indonesian and Japanese delegations on September 11, 2010, after the Asian and European Culture Minister Meeting in Poznan, Poland.^[13]

Wikimedia Commons has media related toTana Toraja Regency.

• List of regencies and cities of Indonesia

• Toraja Treasures.com - Toraja online information.
• Official website
• Tana Toraja travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Rural Tana Toraja Region: Photo Essay

• Tana Toraja Regency
• Regencies of South Sulawesi

• Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
• CS1 Indonesian-language sources (id)
• CS1: unfit URL
• Articles with short description
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• Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates
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