Takeda Katsuyori 武田 勝頼 | |
|---|---|
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| Head ofTakeda clan | |
| In office 1573–1582 | |
| Preceded by | Takeda Shingen |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1546 |
| Died | 11 March 1582(1582-03-11) (aged 35–36) Tenmoku Mountain,Kai Province |
| Spouse(s) | Toyama Fujin Keirin'in |
| Children | Takeda Nobukatsu Takeda Katsuchika Tei-hime Kougu-hime |
| Parents |
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| Relatives | Takeda Yoshinobu (brother) Takeda Nobuchika (brother) Nishina Morinobu (brother) Hōjō Ujiyasu (father-in-law) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | .svg) Suwa clan Takeda clan |
| Rank | Daimyo |
| Commands | Shinpu Castle |
| Battles/wars | |
Takeda Katsuyori (武田 勝頼; 1546 – 11 March 1582) was a Japanesedaimyō (military lord) of theSengoku period, who was famed as the head of theTakeda clan and the successor to the legendary warlordTakeda Shingen. He was son-in-law ofHojo Ujiyasu,daimyō of Hojo clan.
He was the son ofShingen by the daughter ofSuwa Yorishige (posthumous name:Suwa-goryōnin (諏訪御料人; real name, Koihime)).[1] Shingen led a campaign to take Suwa territory in 1542 and defeated Yorishige, who later committed suicide. Shingen took Yorishige's daughter as a concubine.[2] Katsuyori's children included Takeda Nobukatsu and Katsuchika.[3]
Katsuyori, first known asSuwa Shirō Katsuyori (諏訪四郎勝頼), succeeded to his mother'sSuwa clan and gained Takatō Castle as the seat of his domain.
After his elder brotherTakeda Yoshinobu died, Katsuyori's son Nobukatsu became heir to the Takeda clan, making Katsuyori thede facto ruler of the Takeda clan.[2] Takeda Katsuyori builtShinpu Castle, a new and larger castle at Nirasaki and transferred his residence there in 1581.
In 1569, Katsuyori defeatedHojo Ujinobu atSiege of Kanbara[4]
In 1572, Katsuyori successfully took aTokugawa clan possession in theSiege of Futamata, and participated in theBattle of Mikatagahara against the Oda-Tokugawa alliance.[5]
In 1573, Katsuyori took charge of the Takeda family after the death of Shingen and fought theTokugawa clan.
In 1574, hecaptured Takatenjin castle, which even his father had not managed to do. This gained him the support of other members of the Takeda clan.
In 1575, he suffered a major loss at theBattle of Nagashino, defeated by one of the earliest recorded uses ofvolley fire byOda Nobunaga's 3,000 muskets, and losing a large part of his forces as well as a number of Takeda's generals and retainers.[6]
In 1578, Katsuyori incurred the wrath of theHōjō family by helpingUesugi Kagekatsu againstUesugi Kagetora who wasHōjō Ujiyasu's seventh son, adopted by and heir toUesugi Kenshin, leading to theBattle of Omosu in 1580 againstHojo Ujimasa.
In 1581, Katsuyorilost Takatenjin fortress toTokugawa Ieyasu. The siege ended with the deaths of 680 men ofOkabe Motonobu's garrison.[7]
In 1582, Katsuyorilost Takatō castle toOda Nobutada, the only Takeda stronghold inShinano province to put up any resistance to Nobunaga's final invasion of Takeda domain. The castle was taken on March the 2nd 1582.[8]
After Katsuyorilost Takatenjin fortress andTakatō castle, many clans like Kiso and Anayama withdrew their support for Takeda. The Oda-Tokugawa alliance advanced intoKai Province, and laid siege toShinpu Castle. Katsuyori was unable to hold the castle with his remaining 300-400 men, so he set fire to Shinpu Castle and fled into Tenmoku mountain. Later, his forces were destroyed by the combined armies ofOda Nobunaga andTokugawa Ieyasu at theBattle of Tenmokuzan, after which Katsuyori, his wife, and his son committedseppuku.[2][5]: 231 It was the end ofTakeda clan.
The nunRikei wrote an account of his wife's suicide and, pitying them, wrote several verses in their honour.[9]
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Takeda Katsuyori married Toyama Fujin, the adopted daughter ofOda Nobunaga. She died while giving birth to their son Nobukatsu in 1567.
Katsuyori later married Keirin'in, daughter ofHojo Ujiyasu. They had a son and two daughters. In 1582, when Keirin'in was 19, Katsuyori was decisively defeated by Oda Nobunaga, and they had to flee. However, Katsuyori was resigned to die and urged her to leave him. She refused and killed herself (jigai), along with Katsuyori in theBattle of Tenmokuzan. Both of his sons died in the battle.
Father:Takeda Shingen (1521–1573)
Sons:
Wives:
Daughters:
Media related toTakeda Katsuyori at Wikimedia Commons
This article incorporates text from OpenHistory.
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