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Taiwan Province 台湾省 | |
|---|---|
| Province of Taiwan | |
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 台湾省 (Táiwān Shěng) |
| • Abbreviation | TW /台 (pinyin:Tái; Hokkien:Tâi; Hakka:Thòi) |
| • HokkienPOJ | Tâi-oân-séng |
| • HakkaPFS | Thòi-vàn-sén orThòi-vân-sén |
 Map showing the location of Taiwan Province | |
| Coordinates:23°42′N121°00′E / 23.7°N 121.0°E /23.7; 121.0 | |
| Sovereign state |  People's Republic of China |
| Established fromFujian | 1887 |
| Cession to Japan | 17 April 1895 |
| Placed under the control of the ROC | 25 October 1945 |
| Claimed by the PRC | 1 October 1949 |
| Capital | Taipei City |
| Largest city | New Taipei City |
| Divisions | Seeboundary change |
| Government | |
| • CCP Secretary | Vacant Seerepresentation |
| • Governor | Vacant Seerepresentation |
| • National People's Congress Representation | 13 deputies |
| Area | |
• Total | 35,581 km2 (13,738 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 28th |
| Demonym | Taiwanese |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition | 98%Han Chinese 2%Gaoshan people |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (Beijing Time) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-TW |
| Vehicle registration | 台 |
| GDP(2025 estimate)[1] | CN¥5.78 trillion |
| • Per capita | CN¥247,439 US$ 34,426 |
| HDI(2021) | 0.926very high |
| Taiwan Province | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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.svg) "Taiwan" inTraditional (top) andSimplified (bottom) Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 台湾省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 臺灣省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Taiwan Province is a notional administrative division claimed by thePeople's Republic of China. ThePRC constitution asserts Taiwan as part of its territories,[2] although the PRC has never controlled Taiwan since thePRC's establishment in 1949.[3] The territory of the claimed province, including the entireisland of Taiwan, is in actuality administered by theRepublic of China (ROC) but is not coextensive with the smallerTaiwan Province of the ROC.[citation needed]
Thepolitical status of Taiwan is complex. Following theChinese Civil War, the PRC considers itself thesuccessor state ofthe pre-1949 ROC and the solelegitimate government of "China" since its founding on 1 October 1949, and claims Taiwan and thePenghu Islands as part of its territory under theOne China principle. However, the PRC has never administered Taiwan: theTaiwan Area, including all of the territory claimed by PRC as a province, has been continuously administered by the government of the Republic of China (ROC) since the Japanese surrender of World War II.[citation needed]
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 near the end of the Chinese Civil War. While by 1950 it had obtained control over most of the territories previously administered by theRepublic of China (ROC), it never gained control of an area made up ofTaiwan. Instead, Taiwan has been administered by the ROC (which is now commonly known as "Taiwan") since the end ofWorld War II in 1945, continuing through the Chinese Civil War and past thefoundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949.[citation needed]
While the PRC claims Taiwan as part of its territory, it recognises Taiwan is outside its actual territory of control and does not maintain agovernment in exile for Taiwan Province. However, itsNational Congress of the Chinese Communist Party reserves a position for legislators that represent Taiwan, most of whom are of Taiwanese descent but were born in and are residents of mainland China, except for one representative (Lu Li'an) who was born and grew up in Taiwan. TheTaiwan Affairs Office of theState Council of the People's Republic of China is the part of the PRC government that has responsibility over Taiwan-related matters, but it is neither tasked with, nor presented as, a shadow administration for Taiwan. Instead, the ROC government currently based in Taiwan is referred to by the PRC as the "Taiwan authorities".[4]
In 1979, the PRC proposed that under a hypothetical unification Taiwan would become aSpecial Administrative Region rather thana province.[5]
In official PRC statistics involving Taiwan, "Taiwan Area" is widely used instead, and is grouped withSpecial Administrative Regions rather than other provinces.[6]
| Administrative divisions of Taiwan | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROC (Units) | PRC (Units) | Divisions | ||||||
| Special municipality直轄市 | Prefecture-level city地级市 | (6)Gaoxiong,Xinbei,Taizhong,Tainan,Taibei,Taoyuan | ||||||
| Provincial city省轄市 | County-level city县级市 (Directly administered直辖) | (3)Jiayi,Xinzhu,Jilong | ||||||
| County縣 | County县 (Directly administered直辖) | (11)Zhanghua,Jiayi,Xinzhu,Hualian,Miaoli,Nantou,Penghu,Pingdong,Taidong,Yilan,Yunlin | ||||||
| (Special municipalities) District(直轄市)區 | District区 | (152divisions) | ||||||
| Mountain indigenous district直轄市山地原住民區 | Gaoshanzu district高山族区 | (6divisions) | ||||||
| (Provincial city) District(省轄市)區 | Subdistrict街 | (12divisions) | ||||||
| County-administered city縣轄市 | (14divisions) | |||||||
| Urban township鎮 | Town镇 | (35divisions) | ||||||
| Rural township鄉 | Township乡 | (115divisions) | ||||||
| Indigenous township山地鄉 | Gaoshanzu township高山族乡 | (25divisions) | ||||||
| Urban village里 | Community社 | (5,852divisions) | ||||||
| Rural village村 | Village村 | (1,850divisions) | ||||||
| Neighborhoods鄰 | n/a | |||||||
The election of these delegates for Taiwan Province is done in accordance with the Decision (from time to time made) of the relevant Session of relevant National People's Congress of the PRC on the number of deputies to the National People's Congress and the election of the deputies.[8] For example, in 2002 that Decision was as follows:[8]
"For the time being, 13 deputies representing Taiwan Province shall be elected from among people of Taiwan origin in the other provinces, the autonomous regions, and the municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the Chinese People's Liberation Army."
Having regard to the relevant Decision, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopts a "Plan for the Consultative Election of Deputies of Taiwan Province to the National People's Congress". The Plan typically provides that "the deputies will be elected in Beijing through consultation from among representatives sent by Taiwan compatriots in these provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and in the Chinese People's Liberation Army."[8]
In the case of the 2002 election, the Standing Committee noted that there were more than 36,000 "Taiwan compatriots" in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the central Party, government and army institutions. It was decided that 122 representatives would participate in the conference for election through consultation. The number of representatives was allocated on the basis of the geographic distribution of Taiwan compatriots on the mainland and the standing committees of the people's congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government were responsible for making arrangements for the election of the representatives through consultation. The Standing Committee's Plan also provided that the election should be "conducted in a democratic manner".[8]
After the latest election at the13th National People's Congress, 13 of the Taiwan representatives for theNational People's Congress are:[9]
Since 21 July 2021,RTHK inHong Kong has also imposed the same restrictions on its staff to prevent them from implying Taiwan as an independent state.[10]
For some cases, where the name does not significantly imply sovereignty, the name remains the same, such as for theMainland Affairs Council,[11] county[12] and mayor.[13]
The fact is that the People's Republic of China (PRC), while claiming sovereignty over Taiwan, has never ruled Taiwan since the PRC's establishment in 1949.
Jiang Yi-huah, the island's executive chief...
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