| House of Taichiuds Тайчиудын ордон | |
|---|---|
| Parent family | Khiyad-Borjigin |
| Country | Khamag Mongol Mongol Empire Ilkhanate Chagatai Khanate Timurid Empire |
| Current region | East Asia China Central Asia Western Asia |
| Place of origin | Khamag Mongol |
| Founded | Between Early-12th Centuries toc. 1148 |
| Founder | bothChirhya LynhuaAmbaghai Khan |
| Final ruler | Sultan Husayn Tayichiud |
| Titles | Khan Noyan Beg Sultan |
| Traditions | Tengrism later Sunni Islam |
| Dissolution | c. 1405 |
TheTaichuud (/ˈtaɪtʃuːd/;Mongolian:Тайчууд[ˈtʰæːtɕʰuːt]) wasMongol sub-clan ofKiyat-Borjigin and one of the three core tribes of theKhamag Mongol confederation in theMongolian Plateau during the 12th century, its first recorded withAmbaghai Khan in 1148 AD, however this Clan founded by Ambaghais grandfatherChirhya Lynhua who was the son ofKhaidu Khan who was the foundation of Khiyad or, Kiyat Clan, so both can be the founder of Tayichuids, and finally ended withSultan Husayn Tayichud in 1405 AD.
They lived in the southern part of currentZabaykalsky Krai and the MongolianDornod Province.[1] Though theKhiyad Borjigids and the Tayichiuds were closely related and shared a common ancestor inBodonchar Munkhag, at times they were arch-rivals for the rule of theKhamag Mongol. ThoughKhabul Khan of theBorjigin had 7 sons, he had designatedAmbaghai, a son ofSengum Bilge of the Tayichiud, as his successor. ThusAmbaghai Khan became the second khan of the Khamag Mongol. The rule of the Mongols had alternated between the Borjigid and the Tayichiud tribes, finally coming into the hands ofGenghis Khan of Borjigid.
The Tayichiud were rivals of theNaimans and several other tribes. In theSecret History of the Mongols, they were portrayed as bitter enemies ofGenghis Khan. As allies ofJamukha and theKeraites, they would defeat the latter bitterly.
Although the ruling Tayichiud clan was destroyed by Genghis, their descendants, who had surrendered, achieved fame in parts of theMongol Empire.Jebe (born Jurgaadai), who had struck the final blow to theJurchens during theMongol conquest of the Jin dynasty in 1219 and defeated theKypchaks and their European allies at thebattle of Kalka in 1223, was from Besud clan of Tayichiud.Baiju, the commander of the Tammachi in Persia, was also from the Besud clan of the Tayichiud. Chilaun, one of Genghis Khan's four close companions, was from the Suldus, a sub-clan of the Tayichiud. His descendantChupan reached the peak of his career during the reign ofIlkhanAbu Said, and was given the title of chief commander of all Mongol Khanates by the court of theYuan Dynasty in 1327. In theChagatai Khanate, anotheraristocrat,Buyan Suldus, overthrew theQara'unas inTransoxiana in 1359, but was executed by Chagatai KhanTughluq Temur in 1362.
The tribe exerted great influence during the reign ofTimur. The head of the Tayichiud during this time was Amir Musa.[2] Though clashing with Timur on several occasions, Amir Musa also enjoyed multiple matrimonial alliances with the imperial family. Both his daughter, Tuman Agha, and niece,Saray Mulk Khanum, were married to the emperor, with the latter becoming his chief consort.[3][4][5] In addition to this, Amir Musa's son Muhammad Beg was married to Timur's daughter Aka Begim. They were the parents ofSultan Husayn Tayichiud. Sultan Husayn, later held prominent positions in the imperial army.[6][7]
People with the clan name Taichiud or Taijiud, Taijuud are found in present-dayMongolia,Inner Mongolia and inKalmykia (tyayachiud).