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TRA (gene)

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(Redirected fromTRA@)

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

For the female-specific protein transformer gene in Drosophila melanogaster, seeTra (gene).

TRA

Identifiers

Aliases

TRA, IMD7, TCRA, TRA@, TRAC, T-cell receptor alpha locus, TCRD, T cell receptor alpha locus

External IDs

GeneCards:TRA;OMA:TRA - orthologs

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


6955


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Ensembl


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UniProt


P0DSE1


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RefSeq (mRNA)


n/a


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RefSeq (protein)


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n/a

Location (UCSC)

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PubMed search

^[1]

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Wikidata

View/Edit Human

T-cell receptor alpha locus is aprotein that in humans is encoded by theTRAgene, also known as TCRA or TRA@.^[2]^[3]^[4] It contributes the alpha chain to the larger TCR protein (T-cell receptor).

References

[edit]

^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Erikson J, Williams DL, Finan J, Nowell PC, Croce CM (Sep 1985). "Locus of the alpha-chain of the T-cell receptor is split by chromosome translocation in T-cell leukemias".Science.229 (4715):784–6.Bibcode:1985Sci...229..784E.doi:10.1126/science.3875152.PMID 3875152.
^Rabbitts TH, Lefranc MP, Stinson MA, Sims JE, Schroder J, Steinmetz M, Spurr NL, Solomon E, Goodfellow PN (Oct 1985)."The chromosomal location of T-cell receptor genes and a T cell rearranging gene: possible correlation with specific translocations in human T cell leukaemia".EMBO J.4 (6):1461–5.doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03803.x.PMC 554368.PMID 3875483.
^"Entrez Gene: TRA@ T cell receptor alpha locus".

Kenwrick S, Levinson B, Taylor S, et al. (1993). "Isolation and sequence of two genes associated with a CpG island 5' of the factor VIII gene".Hum. Mol. Genet.1 (3):179–86.doi:10.1093/hmg/1.3.179.PMID 1303175.
Suzuki CK, Bonifacino JS, Lin AY, et al. (1991)."Regulating the retention of T-cell receptor alpha chain variants within the endoplasmic reticulum: Ca(2+)-dependent association with BiP".J. Cell Biol.114 (2):189–205.doi:10.1083/jcb.114.2.189.PMC 2289081.PMID 1649196.
Travis A, Amsterdam A, Belanger C, Grosschedl R (1991)."LEF-1, a gene encoding a lymphoid-specific protein with an HMG domain, regulates T-cell receptor alpha enhancer function [corrected]".Genes Dev.5 (5):880–94.doi:10.1101/gad.5.5.880.PMID 1827423.
Koning F, Maloy WL, Coligan JE (1990). "The implications of subunit interactions for the structure of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex".Eur. J. Immunol.20 (2):299–305.doi:10.1002/eji.1830200211.PMID 2138083.S2CID 2180901.
Dyer MJ (1989)."T-cell receptor delta/alpha rearrangements in lymphoid neoplasms".Blood.74 (3):1073–83.doi:10.1182/blood.V74.3.1073.1073.PMID 2546634.
Chilson OP, Kelly-Chilson AE (1989). "Mitogenic lectins bind to the antigen receptor on human lymphocytes".Eur. J. Immunol.19 (2):389–96.doi:10.1002/eji.1830190225.PMID 2703017.S2CID 22340836.
Yanagi Y, Chan A, Chin B, et al. (1985)."Analysis of cDNA clones specific for human T cells and the alpha and beta chains of the T-cell receptor heterodimer from a human T-cell line".Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.82 (10):3430–4.Bibcode:1985PNAS...82.3430Y.doi:10.1073/pnas.82.10.3430.PMC 397789.PMID 3873654.
Sim GK, Yagüe J, Nelson J, et al. (1985). "Primary structure of human T-cell receptor alpha-chain".Nature.312 (5996):771–5.doi:10.1038/312771a0.PMID 6440030.S2CID 4350315.
Kearse KP, Roberts JL, Singer A (1995)."TCR alpha-CD3 delta epsilon association is the initial step in alpha beta dimer formation in murine T cells and is limiting in immature CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes".Immunity.2 (4):391–9.doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90147-7.PMID 7719941.
Manolios N, Kemp O, Li ZG (1994). "The T cell antigen receptor alpha and beta chains interact via distinct regions with CD3 chains".Eur. J. Immunol.24 (1):84–92.doi:10.1002/eji.1830240114.PMID 8020575.S2CID 85378646.
Bagga R, Emerson BM (1997)."An HMG I/Y-containing repressor complex and supercoiled DNA topology are critical for long-range enhancer-dependent transcription in vitro".Genes Dev.11 (5):629–39.doi:10.1101/gad.11.5.629.PMID 9119227.
San José E, Sahuquillo AG, Bragado R, Alarcón B (1998). "Assembly of the TCR/CD3 complex: CD3 epsilon/delta and CD3 epsilon/gamma dimers associate indistinctly with both TCR alpha and TCR beta chains. Evidence for a double TCR heterodimer model".Eur. J. Immunol.28 (1):12–21.doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199801)28:01<12::AID-IMMU12>3.0.CO;2-9.PMID 9485181.S2CID 85318973.
Ding YH, Smith KJ, Garboczi DN, et al. (1998)."Two human T cell receptors bind in a similar diagonal mode to the HLA-A2/Tax peptide complex using different TCR amino acids".Immunity.8 (4):403–11.doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80546-4.PMID 9586631.
Kirchgessner H, Dietrich J, Scherer J, et al. (2001)."The Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Trim Regulates T Cell Receptor (Tcr) Expression and Tcr-Mediated Signaling via an Association with the Tcr ζ Chain".J. Exp. Med.193 (11):1269–84.doi:10.1084/jem.193.11.1269.PMC 2193385.PMID 11390434.
Shelton JG, Gülland S, Nicolson K, et al. (2001). "Importance of the T cell receptor alpha-chain transmembrane distal region for assembly with cognate subunits".Mol. Immunol.38 (4):259–65.doi:10.1016/S0161-5890(01)00062-1.PMID 11566319.
Pietra G, Romagnani C, Falco M, et al. (2002)."The analysis of the natural killer-like activity of human cytolytic T lymphocytes revealed HLA-E as a novel target for TCR alpha/beta-mediated recognition".Eur. J. Immunol.31 (12):3687–93.doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200112)31:12<3687::AID-IMMU3687>3.0.CO;2-C.PMID 11745389.
Hennecke J, Wiley DC (2002)."Structure of a Complex of the Human α/β T Cell Receptor (TCR) HA1.7, Influenza Hemagglutinin Peptide, and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Molecule, HLA-DR4 (DRA0101 and DRB10401): Insight into TCR Cross-Restriction and Alloreactivity".J. Exp. Med.195 (5):571–81.doi:10.1084/jem.20011194.PMC 2193773.PMID 11877480.
García P, Llano M, de Heredia AB, et al. (2002)."Human T cell receptor-mediated recognition of HLA-E".Eur. J. Immunol.32 (4):936–44.doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200204)32:4<936::AID-IMMU936>3.0.CO;2-M.PMID 11920559.

Transmembrane receptors:immunoglobulin superfamily immune receptors

Antibody receptor:
Fc receptor

Epsilon (ε)	FcεRI (FcεRII isC-type lectin)
Gamma (γ)	FcγRI FcγRII FcγRIII Neonatal
Alpha (α)/mu (μ)	FcαRI Fcα/μR
Secretory	Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor

Antigen receptor

B cells

Antigen receptor

Co-receptor

stimulate:	CD21/CD19/CD81
inhibit:	CD22

Accessory molecules

Ig-α/Ig-β (CD79)

T cells

Ligands	MHC MHC class I MHC class II
Antigen receptor	TCR:TRA@ TRB@ TRD@ TRG@
Co-receptors	CD8 (with two glycoprotein chainsCD8α andCD8β) CD4
Accessory molecules	CD3 CD3γ CD3δ CD3ε ζ-chain (also calledCD3ζ andTCRζ)

Cytokine receptor

seecytokine receptors

Killer-cell IG-like receptors

Leukocyte IG-like receptors

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