A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), also known astumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13 (TNFSF13), is aprotein of theTNF superfamily recognized by thecell surface receptorTACI.[5][6] It is encoded by theTNFSF13 gene.[6]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of thetumor necrosis factor ligand (TNF) ligand family. This protein is a ligand forTNFRSF17/BCMA, a member of theTNF receptor family. This protein and its receptor are both found to be important forB cell development. In vivo experiments suggest an important role for APRIL in the long-term survival of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Mice deficient in APRIL have normal immune system development.[7] However, APRIL-deficient mice have also been reported to possess a reduced ability to support plasma cell survival.[8] In vitro experiments suggested that this protein may be able to induceapoptosis through its interaction with other TNF receptor family proteins such asTNFRSF6/FAS andTNFRSF14/HVEM.[9] Three alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.
APRIL is being explored as a target for autoimmune diseases and B cell malignancies.[12] At least one anti-APRIL monoclonal antibody has been announced to enter phase I clinical trials formultiple myeloma.[13]
^Ryan MC, Grewal IS (2009-01-01). "Targeting of BAFF and APRIL for Autoimmunity and Oncology". In Grewal IS (ed.).Therapeutic Targets of the TNF Superfamily. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 647. New York: Springer. pp. 52–63.doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89520-8_4.ISBN978-0-387-89519-2.PMID19760066.
Tangye SG, Bryant VL, Cuss AK, Good KL (October 2006). "BAFF, APRIL and human B cell disorders".Seminars in Immunology.18 (5):305–317.doi:10.1016/j.smim.2006.04.004.PMID16916610.
Treml LS, Crowley JE, Cancro MP (October 2006). "BLyS receptor signatures resolve homeostatically independent compartments among naïve and antigen-experienced B cells".Seminars in Immunology.18 (5):297–304.doi:10.1016/j.smim.2006.07.001.PMID16919470.
Mackay F, Leung H (October 2006). "The role of the BAFF/APRIL system on T cell function".Seminars in Immunology.18 (5):284–289.doi:10.1016/j.smim.2006.04.005.PMID16931039.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (January 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides".Gene.138 (1–2):171–174.doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8.PMID8125298.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (October 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library".Gene.200 (1–2):149–156.doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3.PMID9373149.
Cousin P, Billotte J, Chaubert P, Shaw P (January 2000). "Physical map of 17p13 and the genes adjacent to p53".Genomics.63 (1):60–68.doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6062.PMID10662545.
Kelly K, Manos E, Jensen G, Nadauld L, Jones DA (February 2000). "APRIL/TRDL-1, a tumor necrosis factor-like ligand, stimulates cell death".Cancer Research.60 (4):1021–1027.PMID10706119.
Yu G, Boone T, Delaney J, Hawkins N, Kelley M, Ramakrishnan M, et al. (September 2000). "APRIL and TALL-I and receptors BCMA and TACI: system for regulating humoral immunity".Nature Immunology.1 (3):252–256.doi:10.1038/79802.PMID10973284.S2CID6799584.
