 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Syrmia County" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(April 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Syrmia County Srijemska ili Sremska županija Szerém vármegye Komitat Syrmien | |
|---|---|
| County of theKingdom of Slavonia,Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia,Kingdom of Hungary (laterKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes) | |
| 1745–1922 | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Syrmia County (red) within theKingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (white) | |
| Capital | Vukovar |
| Area | |
| • Coordinates | 45°21′N19°0′E / 45.350°N 19.000°E /45.350; 19.000 |
• 1910 | 6,866 km2 (2,651 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 1910 | 414,234 |
| History | |
• Established | 1745 |
• territorial reorganization of the SCS Kingdom | 1922 |
| Today part of | Croatia,Serbia |
Syrmia County (Croatian:Srijemska županija,Serbian:Сремска жупанија,Hungarian:Szerém vármegye,German:Komitat Syrmien) was a historic administrative subdivision (županija) of theKingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. Croatia-Slavonia was an autonomous kingdom within theLands of the Crown of Saint Stephen (Transleithania), the Hungarian part ofAustria-Hungary. The region ofSyrmia is today split betweenCroatia andSerbia. The capital of the county wasVukovar (Hungarian:Vukovár).
Syrmia County shared borders with other Croatian-Slavonian counties ofPožega andVirovitica, theAustro-Hungarian land ofBosnia and Herzegovina, theKingdom of Serbia, and the Hungarian counties ofBács-Bodrog andTorontál. The County stretched along the right (southern) bank of the riverDanube and the left (northern) bank of the riverSava, down to their confluence. Its area was 6,866 km² around 1910.
By the 13th century, two counties were formed in this region: Syrmia (in the east) and Vukovar (in the west). Syrmia County was an administrative division of theKingdom of Hungary in the Middle Ages. This area was taken by theOttoman Empire in 1521 and the two counties were abolished. The territory was then (in 1544) included into OttomanSanjak of Syrmia. TheHabsburg monarchy took one part of Syrmia from theOttomans in 1688, while the other part was taken by Habsburgs in 1718. The entire region was incorporated into theMilitary Frontier, which was then extended from WesternSlavonia, where it stood in 1683, all the way toTransylvania.
Syrmia County was re-established in 1745 as part of theKingdom of Slavonia, aHabsburg province, which was part of both theHabsburg Kingdom of Croatia and theHabsburg Kingdom of Hungary. This new county did not cover the whole of its later territory – the southern and furthest eastern parts instead passed to theSlavonian Military Frontier (and partially to theBanat Military Frontier 1849–60). The Kingdom of Slavonia was mainly inhabited by Serbs and Croats.
In 1848 and 1849, the area of the county was part of theSerbian Voivodship, aSerbian autonomous region proclaimed at the May Assembly inKarlovci. Between 1849 and 1860 the eastern part of the county was part of theVoivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar, a separate crown land of theAustrian Empire, formally becoming part of theNeusatz District from 1854;[1] the western part aroundVukovar passed to the SlavonianOsijek County.[2]
After 1860, Syrmia County was established again, and was reincorporated into the Kingdom of Slavonia, which was a completely separate Habsburg province at the time. In 1867, as a consequence of theAusgleich between the Austrians and the Hungarians, the Kingdom of Slavonia was incorporated intoTransleithania, the half ofAustria-Hungary run fromBudapest, and in theHungarian-Croatian Settlement of 1868, it was incorporated intoCroatia-Slavonia, a formally separate kingdom within theKingdom of Hungary, which had a certain level of autonomy and was ruled by its ownban.
In 1881 the Slavonian Military Frontier was abolished; thePetrovaradin district and part of theBrod district would be merged into Syrmia County by 1886.
AfterWorld War I, the area of Syrmia County became part of the newly formedKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 and this was confirmed by theTreaty of Saint-Germain in September 1919.[3] The County of Syrmia was an official administrative division of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between 1918 and 1922, and then was transformed into the Province (Oblast) of Syrmia (de facto it was carried out in 1924[4]).
Part ofa series on the |
|---|
| History ofSlavonia |
 |
Antiquity |
20th century |
In 1900, the county had a population of 381,739 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[5]
Total:
According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[6]
Total:
In 1910, the county had a population of 414,234 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[7]
Total:
According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[8]
Total:
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Syrmia county were:
| Districts | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Irig | Irig |
| Mitrovica | Mitrovica, today Sremska Mitrovica |
| Ruma | Ruma |
| Stara Pazova | Stara Pazova |
| Šid | Šid |
| Ilok | Ilok |
| Vinkovci | Vinkovci |
| Vukovar | Vukovar |
| Zemun | Zemun |
| Županja | Županja |
| Urban counties | |
| Zemun | |
| Urban districts | |
| Sremski Karlovci | |
| Petrovaradin | |
| Mitrovica | |
The towns ofVukovar,Ilok,Vinkovci, andŽupanja are currently inCroatia, inVukovar-Syrmia county. The towns ofŠid,Ruma,Irig,Mitrovica (Sremska Mitrovica),Stara Pazova,Sremski Karlovci andPetrovaradin are currently inSerbia (Vojvodina province).Zemun is currently inSerbian region ofBelgrade.
