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Incivil law systems, asynallagmatic contract is acontract in which each party to the contract is bound to provide something to the other party.^[1] Its name is derived from theAncient Greek συνάλλαγμα (synallagma), meaning mutual agreement.^[2] Examples of synallagmatic contracts include contracts of sale, of service, or of hiring.

Incommon law jurisdictions, it is roughly the equivalent of abilateral contract and may be contrasted with agift (as such a relationship is not one of contract) or aunilateral contract in which only one party makes an enforceable promise.

In his comments on the case ofHong Kong Fir Shipping Co Ltd. v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd. (1957),Lord Diplock said:

"Every synallagmatic contract contains in it the seeds of the problem - in what event will a party be relieved of his undertaking to do that which he has agreed to do but has not yet done?"^[3]

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