TheSymphony No. 37 inC major,Hob. I/37, is asymphony byJoseph Haydn. The numbering is completely misleading, as it is clearly one of Haydn's earliest symphonies. A copy of the score found atČeský Krumlov, Czech Republic, is dated 1758. It can be presumed it was written for the orchestra ofCount Morzin, in which Haydn was employed until[1] February 1761.
This symphony is a candidate for the first one he ever had written, if hisSymphony No. 1 was not indeed his first symphony.[2]
The work is scored for twooboes,bassoon, twoFrench horns (or twotrumpets,timpani) andstrings possibly withcontinuo.[3] It is possible the trumpet and timpani parts were added later.[4]
The work is in four movements:
The key organization limited to C major and C minor in the four movements indicates perhaps a reliance on the Baroque suites as a guide for tonal organization of the movements, the influence of the first three symphonies byC.P.E. Bach,[6][7][8] or an early simplicity of tonal language.[citation needed] (Haydn was in his mid-20s at the composition of this symphony.)
Similarities have been drawn between the2
4 opening movement and the2
4 finale toGeorg von Reutter'sServizio di tavola in C major from 1757.[1] The two knew each other because Reutter was the director of music inSt. Stephen's Cathedral where Haydn sang as a child.
The work is one of the few symphonies of the Classical era to place the Minuet second (others include Haydn's32nd and44th, and his brotherMichael's15th and16th). TheIMSLP reverses the order of the Menuet e Trio and the Andante, thus bringing the movement order to the standard that was eventually established as common practice.[5]
The slow movement is very similar to the slow movement in one of Haydn's earliest piano sonatas, Hob. XVI:Es2.[1]
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