Sylvester Turner
Official portrait, 2025
Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromTexas's18th district
In office January 3, 2025 – March 5, 2025
Preceded by	Erica Lee Carter
Succeeded by	Vacant
62ndMayor of Houston
In office January 2, 2016 – January 1, 2024
Preceded by	Annise Parker
Succeeded by	John Whitmire
Member of theTexas House of Representatives from the139th district
In office January 10, 1989 – January 2, 2016
Preceded by	Clint Hackney
Succeeded by	Jarvis Johnson
Personal details
Born	(1954-09-27)September 27, 1954 Houston, Texas, U.S.
Died	March 5, 2025(2025-03-05) (aged 70) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Cheryl Gillum ​ ​ (m. 1983; div. 1991)​
Children	1
Education	University of Houston (BA) Harvard University (JD)
Signature
Website	House website
Turner's voice Turner onCarrin Patman. Recorded February 2022

Sylvester Turner (September 27, 1954 – March 5, 2025) was an American politician and attorney who served as theU.S. representative forTexas's 18th congressional district from January 2025 until his death in March 2025. A member of theDemocratic Party, Turner served as the62nd mayor of Houston from 2016 to 2024 and as a member of theTexas House of Representatives from 1989 to 2016.

Born and raised inHouston, Turner graduated from theUniversity of Houston with a bachelor's degree in political science and fromHarvard Law School with a Juris Doctor. He was first elected to the Texas House of Representatives in 1988 and continued to serve in the Texas House until 2016.

Turner ran unsuccessfully formayor of Houston in1991 and again in2003. Turner won the2015 Houston mayoral election, defeating Bill King by a margin of under two percent in the closest mayoral election in Houston history. On December 14, 2019, Turnerwon his second term as mayor overTony Buzbee.

In 2024, after the death ofSheila Jackson Lee, Turner announced his candidacy to fill her congressional seat and was nominated at the subsequent convention. He was thenelected in November 2024 and took office in January 2025. He served on theHomeland Security Committee and theScience, Space, & Technology Committee. Turner died in the early morning of March 5, 2025, after attendingDonald Trump's speech to a joint session of Congress on the previous night. The2025 Texas's 18th congressional district special election will be held on November 4, 2025 to elect his successor.

Sylvester Turner was born on September 27, 1954, inHouston,Texas, the sixth of nine children of Eddie Turner, a commercial painter, and Ruby Mae Turner.^[1] He was raised in the northwest Houston community ofAcres Homes.^[1] Turner's father died when Turner was 13. After that time, Turner's mother began working as a maid at theRice Hotel in downtown Houston.^[1][2] Turner later credited her perseverance and optimism as significant influences on his personal and professional development.^[1]

Turner attendedKlein High School,^[3] which had been an all-white school until Black students, including Turner, were bussed there as part ofdesegregation efforts.^[1] At Klein, Turner excelled academically, serving as student body president, winning recognition as a debate champion, and graduating asvaledictorian.^[1] He went on to study at theUniversity of Houston, where he served as Speaker of the Student Senate and graduatedmagna cum laude in 1976 with aBachelor of Arts inpolitical science.^[4] Turner had been interested in a legal career from a young age, inspired in part by the TV showPerry Mason, and he went on to attendHarvard Law School, where he was a finalist in theAmes Moot Court Competition and graduated with aJuris Doctor in 1980.^[1][5][6] Turner was a member of theAlpha Phi Alpha fraternity,^[7] and was initiated into theAlpha Eta Lambda chapter in Houston.^[8]

Upon completing law school, Turner joined the law firm ofFulbright & Jaworski.^[9] In 1983, Turner and Barry M. Barnes partnered to found the law firm of Barnes & Turner,^[9][10] where Turner specialized in corporate and commercial law.^[11][12] Turner served as an immigration lawyer for many years in Houston.^[13]

He served as an adjunct professor at theThurgood Marshall School of Law, and as a seminar lecturer at theSouth Texas College of Law and theUniversity of Houston Law School's Continuing Legal Education Programs.^[3][14]

In 1984, Turner ran for Harris County Commissioner, Precinct 1 in theDemocratic primary, but lost toEl Franco Lee. Four years later, he was elected to theTexas House of Representatives in House District 139 in Harris County and remained in office through 2014. During this time, Turner ran unsuccessfully for mayor of Houston in 1991 and 2003.^[15][16][17]

During Turner's1991 campaign for Houston mayor, Wayne Dolcefino ofKTRK-TV ran an investigative report questioning Turner's involvement in an elaboratelife insurancefraud scam. The resulting scandal ultimately cost Turner the election. Turnersued Dolcefino and KTRK and was initially awarded a $5.5 millionlibel settlement in ajury trial; thetrial court reduced the award to $3.25 million, in keeping with the legal limit onpunitive damages.^[18] Dolcefino and KTRK appealed the verdict to theCourt of Appeals, Houston, which reversed the original verdict.^[18] Turner brought the case to theTexas Supreme Court, which upheld the Court of Appeals decision. Both courts found that Turner had not provided sufficient evidence to provemalice, based on heightened legal protections that theFirst Amendment affords to thepress. However, both courts found that the KTRK broadcasts were bothfalse anddefamatory.^[19]

Turner served more than 25 years in the Texas House of Representatives, and throughout his service, he served as a member of the Legislative Budget Board, Vice-Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, Chairman of the Subcommittee of Articles 1, 4 & 5 (General Government, Judiciary, Public Safety & Criminal Justice) and the House State Affairs Committee. He also chaired the Texas Legislative Black Caucus and the Greater Houston Area Legislative Delegation.^[20] Turner supported policies to attract doctors to underserved areas,^[21][22] proposed a measure increasing state funding for mental health services in Harris County from $32 million to $200 million,^[23] and worked to increase funds for legal aid for poor Texans.^[24]

In2015, Turner was electedMayor of Houston, narrowly winning a runoff against Bill King^[25][26][27] after taking 31% of the vote on the first ballot.^[28] He was re-elected in2019^[29] and served in the office for eight years.^[30]

In October 2017, Turner helped victims ofHurricane Maria inPuerto Rico.^[31]

When Turner's eight year tenure as mayor ended on January 1, 2024, the city was in a dire financial state.^[30] The city was spending $100 to $200 million more than what it was bringing in each year.^[32][33] In 2023, Turner endorsedSheila Jackson Lee to be his successor in the2023 Houston mayoral election; she lost the runoff election by nearly 30 percentage points.^[34]

Following the death of Sheila Jackson Lee, which vacatedTexas's 18th congressional district, Turner announced his candidacy in the Democratic primary to fill her seat^[35] and was nominated at the convention.^[36] He won the election and took office in January 2025.^[37][38] During his tenure, Turner served on theHomeland Security Committee and theScience, Space, & Technology Committee.^[11] He served in Congress until his death on March 5, 2025.^[39]

In the aftermath ofHurricane Harvey, Mayor Turner received criticism for his decision not to suggest any form of evacuation. He responded to the criticism by pointing out the logistics of evacuating "6.5 million" people and the deaths and traffic that occurred during the 2005Hurricane Rita evacuation. Critics replied stating that 6.5 million people did not have to be evacuated but instead tens of thousands could have been evacuated who were in flood zones or individuals who were most at risk during emergencies could have been evacuated.^{[40][41][42][43]}

In 2016, Turner voiced his support for stricter laws regulatingUber and other ridesharing services.^[44]

Turner, while running against Bill King in the2015 Houston mayoral runoff election, stated he was "100 percent" committed to reenactingHouston Equal Rights Ordinance (HERO) and attacked Bill King for saying he would not revisit the issue of HERO or his support from theCampaign for Houston.^{[45][better source needed]}

In 1999, Turner voted to restructure the electric utility industry in Texas to allow customers competition andconsumer choice.^[46] During his time in the legislature, he also worked to continue to protect Texans, voting for bills preventing gas companies from cutting off service during freezing temperatures,^[47] limiting the amount utility companies could raise rates in order to fund certain projects, such as building electric poles and wires, without first getting approval from state regulators,^[48] and authoring legislation that required the Public Utility Commission to conduct cost-benefit analyses of any proposals from utility companies that would add more than $100 million to annual consumer electricity costs.^[49] During the 84th session, Turner authored legislation that would prohibit electricity companies from charging customers "minimum usage fees" when they used too little electricity.^[50] Turner also voted to allow the Public Utility Commission to issue emergency cease-and-desist orders, without first going to a court, to companies whose actions threaten the state's electricity supply.^[51] During the 83rd session, he joined a campaign to encourage low-income Texans to enroll in "LITE-UP Texas", a program "authorized by the Texas Legislature through which participants could reduce the monthly cost of electric service by 82%."^[52] In the 84th session, he authored a bill to extend this discount program for another two years, until the end of 2017.^[53] He also co-authored a bill to help ensure persons living in multi-family residences are alerted when their electricity bill has not been paid.^[54]

In 2004, he voted against a measure that would have scaled "back benefits for future public school employees and discourag[ed] early retirement."^[55] He was also critical of investment managers for the Teachers Retirement Fund for taking over $8.2 million in bonuses while the state was slashing funding for education and the system's investments continued to struggle.^[56] In 2011, Turner voted against a measure that would have implemented a 6 percent cut to education funding for all schools in Texas, a move that equated to a $4 billion education funding cut.^[57] As a member of the legislature, Turner voted against a measure that would allow school districts to lower their salaries, implement furlough days,^[58] and increase student-teacher classroom ratios.^[59] He also opposed a corporate tax break that many legislators, in the Texas House of Representatives, believed would hurt public school funding.^[60]

During his tenure, Turner emphasized Houston’s identity as a diverse and immigrant-friendly city. In 2016, he signed Houston onto theWelcoming America network, formally designating it a “Welcoming City” and strengthening the city’s Office of New Americans and Immigrant Communities.^[61] He partnered with the Mexican Consulate in Houston and local nonprofits to host large-scale citizenship forums, legal clinics, and health fairs,^[62] and he reassured immigrant families duringHurricane Harvey (2017) and the COVID-19 pandemic that they could access emergency services without fear of immigration enforcement.^[63][64]

In 2021, the City of Houston, through its Office of New Americans and Immigrant Communities, worked with local nonprofits and faith-based groups—including the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Catholic Charities, YMCA International Services, and Houston Responds—to establish the city’s first Family Transfer Center for newly arrived migrants. The facility provided short-term shelter, food, medical screenings, hygiene supplies, and travel assistance, and was capable of serving up to 500 asylum-seeking families per day. The opening of the Family Transfer Center came amid what local officials and media described as the largest influx of migrants in Houston’s history.^[65][66]

Turner also opposedTexas Senate Bill 4 (2017), which sought to compel local police to enforce federal immigration law, affirming that Houston police would not serve as immigration agents. Although Texas law banned so-called sanctuary cities, Turner stated that Houston would not assist ICE agents with immigration raids.^[67][68]

In 2016, the Obama White House recognized Houston with a presidential letter of recognition for its participation in the Building Welcoming Communities Campaign, highlighting the city’s efforts to promote immigrant inclusion and integration.^[69] That same year, Turner received the Ohtli Award, the Mexican government’s highest honor, in recognition of his support for Houston’s Mexican community.^[70]

A supporter of the federal Affordable Care Act (ACA), Turner voted against joining the Interstate Health Care Compact, an alternative to traditional ACA participation,^[71] and introduced legislation that would expandMedicaid in Texas pursuant to the ACA.^[72] Turner warned fellow legislators about the potential backlash from constituents if the state chose not to expand Medicaid, which promised a significant return on the state's investment.^[73] One of his major accomplishments in the House was legislation that expanded access to the children's health insurance program, which was passed in 2007. Turner also passed legislation in 2015 to free up funding for medical trauma care centers.^[3] During the 84th Legislature, Turner introduced legislation that would provide care under Medicaid for people with severe and persistent mental illness and who are transitioning from an institution to the community, and who are at risk of institutionalization or re-institutionalization.^{[citation needed]}

Turner was a regular attendee of various public health programs, including contributions toCOVID-19 safety and community-based health care.^[74][75]

Turner was long an advocate forabortion rights. He voted against a measure requiring doctors to perform a sonogram on women seeking an abortion at least 24 hours before the procedures.^[76] He also fought to protect funding for family planning programs andPlanned Parenthood.^[77] Turner also voted against a Senate version of a measure that banned abortions after 20 weeks and tightened standards on abortion clinics,^[78] and also authored an amendment to the bill that would have required the state to pay the costs abortion clinics would incur on the measure to retrofit facilities so they could be certified as surgical centers.^[79] In 2013, theEl Paso Times described Turner as a "lion of pro-abortion rights."^[80]

On gun control, Turner opposed measures to limit lawsuits against gun or ammunition manufacturers,^[81] allowing concealed handguns on higher education campuses, and rescinding the authority of local governments to ban concealed weapons on public property.^[82] He also opposed measures that would reduce the number of training hours required to receive a concealed handgun license.^[83] He supported a bill that prohibited the use of state funds for the enforcement of federal firearms regulations.^[84] Turner also advocated abandoning the "pick-a-pal system", where judges appoint commissioners who then can pick whoever they want to serve on grand juries.^[85]

As mayor of Houston, Turner made it a goal of his administration to endchronic homelessness in the city.^[86] Turner asked the police to start enforcing an ordinance that limits sharing food with homeless people to specific locations in the city of Houston.^[87] Consequently, theFood Not Bombs volunteer group in Houston received 44 tickets issued by the Houston police department for providing food to homeless people in Houston, with each ticket carrying a maximum potential fine of $2,000.^[88]

In February 2020, Turner endorsedMichael Bloomberg in the2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries.^[89][90] In March, Bloomberg suspended his campaign and endorsed then-former vice presidentJoe Biden.^[91] Days after Bloomberg's announcement, Turner endorsed Biden.^[92]

Turner was married to Cheryl (née Gillum) Turner, a formerHarris County assistant district attorney, from 1983 to late 1991.^[6][93] They have one daughter, Ashley Page Turner, who married Jimmie Captain in March 2022.^[94][95]

As mayor, Turner hosted the opening ceremonies ofAnime Matsuri from 2018 to 2023, barring 2020,^[96] having made appearances inanimecosplay as a member of theAkatsuki fromNaruto in 2018,Goku fromDragon Ball in 2019,Kyōjurō Rengoku fromDemon Slayer in 2021,^[97]Ichigo Kurosaki fromBleach in 2022, andLuffy fromOne Piece in 2023.^[98]

In November 2022, Turner disclosed that during the summer he had been diagnosed withosteosarcoma, a rare type of bone cancer,^[99] for which he had surgery and received six weeks of radiation treatment.^[100]

On the afternoon of March 4, 2025, Turner fell ill while working in theCannon House Office Building complex, but after receiving medical attention was able to attend presidentDonald Trump'saddress to Congress that evening.^[39] He later died in the early morning of March 5 at the age of 70.^[101][102] Serving a total of 61 days in the House,^[39] Turner became the first member of the119th Congress to die in office and the second incumbent representative for Texas's 18th district to die in a one-year period, afterSheila Jackson Lee.^[102]

Houston's mayor,John Whitmire, ordered flags in the city of Houston to fly athalf-staff in Turner's memory.^{[103][104][105]} Texas governorGreg Abbott ordered flags across the state of Texas to fly at half-staff for Turner until sunrise on March 8, 2025.^[106]

Turner lay in state at theHouston City Hall rotunda on March 11.^[107][108] From March 13–14, Turner lay in honor at theTexas State Capitol's House chamber.^[109] His funeral took place at The Church Without Walls in Houston on March 15.^[110][111]

• List of members of the United States Congress who died in office (2000–present)
• List of United States representatives who served a single term

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