| Surjapuri | |
|---|---|
| Sura, Deshi Bhasa | |
| Native to | India,Nepal,Bangladesh |
| Region | Bihar,Kosi-Seemanchal andWest Bengal |
Native speakers | 2,256,228 (2011 census)[1] |
| Devanagari,Bengali–Assamese,Kaithi (historical) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | sjp |
| Glottolog | surj1235 |
Surjapuri is anIndo-Aryan language of theBengali-Assamese branch, spoken inEastern India including some eastern parts ofPurnia division of Bihar, parts ofUttar Dinajpur district inWest Bengal andGoalpara Division ofAssam in India, as well asJhapa district inNepal andThakurgaon district in Bangladesh. Among speakers in some regions, it is known as 'Deshi Bhasa'. It possesses similarities withKamatapuri,Assamese,Bengali, andMaithili.
Surjapuri is mainly spoken in some parts ofPurnia division (Kishanganj,Katihar,Purnia, andAraria districts) ofBihar.[3] It is also spoken inWest Bengal (some parts ofIslampur subdivision ofUttar Dinajpur district andJalpaiguri division in northern Bengal region),Bangladesh (Thakurgaon District) as well as in parts of easternNepal ofJhapa District andMorang District.
Surjapuri is associated with theKamtapuri language (and its dialectsGoalpariya, Rajbanshi and Koch Rajbangshi) spoken inNorth Bengal andWestern Assam,[4] as well as withAssamese,Bengali, andMaithili.
| Singular | Plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | oblique | nominative | oblique | ||
| 1st person | mũi | mo- | hāmrā | hāmsā-, hāmcā- | |
| 2nd person | tũi | to- | tumrā, tomrā | tumsā-, tomsā- | |
| 3rd person | proximal | yāhāy | yahā- | emrā, erā | ismā-, isā- |
| distal | wahā̃y | wahā- | amrā, worā | usmā-, usā- | |
Surjapuri has the oblique plural suffixes: sā (hamsā-, tomsā-) and smā (ismā-, usmā-). They are also seen inEarly Assamese as: sā (āmāsā-, tomāsā-) and sambā (esambā-, tesambā-) and their occurrences are similar.[8]
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Post-alv./ Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Stop/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | ʈ | tʃ | k | |
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | ʈʰ | tʃʰ | kʰ | ||
| voiced | b | d | ɖ | dʒ | ɡ | ||
| breathy | bʱ | dʱ | ɖʱ | dʒʱ | ɡʱ | ||
| Fricative | s | h | |||||
| Tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Approximant | w | j | |||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| ɔ | |||
| Low | æ | ɑ | |
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