| Supreme Court of Judicature | |
|---|---|
| Dai-shin'in | |
 | |
| Established | 1875 |
| Jurisdiction | Empire of Japan |
| Location | Tokyo, Japan |
| Authorised by | Meiji Constitution |
TheSupreme Court of Judicature (大審院,Dai-shin'in) was the highest judicial body in theEmpire of Japan. It existed from 1875 to 1947.
Organized by theMinistry of Justice in 1875, the Japanese Supreme Court of Judicature was modeled afterCourt of Cassation in France. The court was composed of 120 judges in both civil and criminal divisions. Five judges would be empaneled for any given case. The criminal division of the court was the court of first instance for crimes against theEmperor (e.g.lèse majesté) and for high crimes against public order.
The promulgation of theConstitution of the Empire of Japan (i.e. the “Meiji Constitution”), confirmed and formalized its position at the apex of the Japanese court system, consisting of the local courts, district courts and court of appeals.
It was abolished by order of theAmerican occupation authorities in 1947, after the abolition of theMeiji Constitution.
The building of the Supreme Court of Judicature was gutted by Americanair raids during thebombing of Tokyo inWorld War II. It was repaired, and continued to be used as theSupreme Court of Japan under the post-warConstitution of Japan until 1974. The presentTokyo High Court was built on its former location.
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