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Sugar acid

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Sugar molecule with an –OH group at the end(s) of the carbon chain

Inorganic chemistry, asugar acid oracidic sugar is amonosaccharide with acarboxyl group at one end or both ends of itschain.^[1]

Main classes of sugar acids include:

Aldonic acids, in which thealdehyde group (−CH=O) located at the initial end (position 1) of analdose is oxidized.
Ulosonic acids, in which thehydroxymethyl group (−CH₂OH) at the initial end of a 2-ketose is oxidized creating an α-ketoacid.
Uronic acids, in which the−CH₂OH group at the terminal end of an aldose or ketose is oxidized.
Aldaric acids, in which both ends (−CH=O and−CH₂OH) of an aldose are oxidized.

Examples of sugar acids include:

Aldonic acids
- Glyceric acid (3C)
- Xylonic acid (5C)
- Gluconic acid (6C)
- Ascorbic acid^[2] (6C, unsaturated lactone)
Ulosonic acids
- Neuraminic acid (5-amino-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid)
- Ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid (KDO or 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid)
Uronic acids
- Glucuronic acid (6C)
- Galacturonic acid (6C)
- Iduronic acid (6C)
Aldaric acids
- Tartaric acid (4C)
- meso-Galactaric acid (Mucic acid) (6C)
- D-Glucaric acid (Saccharic acid) (6C)

^Robyt, J.F. (1998).Essentials of carbohydrate chemistry. New York: Springer.ISBN 0-387-94951-8.
^Davies Michael B.; Austin John; Partridge David A. (1991).Vitamin C: Its Chemistry and Biochemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 48.ISBN 0-85186-333-7.

Sugar+Acids at the U.S. National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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