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Sudbury (UK Parliament constituency)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1801-1844 & 1885–1950

Sudbury
Formerborough constituency
for theHouse of Commons
1559–1844
Seatstwo
Sudbury
Formercounty constituency
for theHouse of Commons
18851950
Seatsone
Created fromWestern Division of Suffolk
Replaced bySudbury and Woodbridge

Sudbury was aparliamentary constituency which was represented in theHouse of Commons of theParliament of the United Kingdom.

History

[edit]
Sudbury Disfranchisement Act 1843
Act of Parliament
Long titleAn Act to indemnify Witnesses who may give Evidence before the Lords Spiritual and Temporal on a Bill to exclude the Borough of Sudbury from sending Burgesses to serve in Parliament.
Citation6 & 7 Vict. c. 11
Dates
Royal assent11 April 1843
Other legislation
Repealed by
Status: Repealed

Aparliamentary borough consisting of the town ofSudbury inSuffolk, the constituency elected twoMembers of Parliament (MPs) by thebloc vote system of election to theHouse of Commons of England from 1559 to 1707, then to theHouse of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and to theHouse of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 until it was disenfranchised for corruption in 1844, after which it was absorbed into theWestern Division of Suffolk. It was probably enfranchised through lobbying fromAmbrose Cave theChancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster who had interests in the area and could influence the choice of MPs.[1] Sudbury had in the 18th century been seen as a particularly expensive seat[2] but not under the influence of any patron[3] and in the1761 general electionHorace Walpole the cousin of the outgoing MP,Thomas Walpole, had claimed that Sudbury had openly advertised itself for sale[4] with the new MP,John Henniker having to spend £5,500 from theDuke of Newcastle's funds.[5] but not under the influence of any patron[3] The Sudbury election of 1835, whichCharles Dickens reported for theMorning Chronicle, is thought by many experts to be the inspiration for the famous Eatanswill election in his novelPickwick Papers.[6]

The seat was re-established as one of five single-membercounty divisions of the Parliamentary County of Suffolk by theRedistribution of Seats Act 1885 for the1885 general election, electing one MP by thefirst past the post voting system. It was abolished for the1950 general election.

Boundaries and boundary changes

[edit]

1885–1918

[edit]
  • The part of the Municipal Borough of Sudbury in the county of Suffolk;
  • The Sessional Divisions of Boxford, Cosford, Melford, and Risbridge; and
  • Parts of the Sessional Divisions of Newmarket, and Thingoe and Thedwestry.[7]

The county division was formed from part of the abolished Western Division and included the towns ofSudbury,Hadleigh andHaverhill.

1918–1950

[edit]
  • The Municipal Borough of Sudbury;
  • The Urban Districts of Glemsford, Hadleigh, and Haverhill;
  • The Rural Districts of Clare, Cosford, and Melford; and
  • Parts of the Rural Districts of Moulton and Thingoe.[8]

Marginal changes to boundaries.

On abolition, western and northern parts, including Haverhill, transferred toBury St Edmunds.  Central, southern and western parts, including Sudbury and Hadleigh, formed part of the new county constituency ofSudbury and Woodbridge.

Members of Parliament

[edit]

MPs 1559–1640

[edit]
ParliamentFirst memberSecond member
1559Clement ThrockmortonHenry Fortescue[1]
1563John HeighamThomas Andrews[1]
1571John HuntJohn Gurdon[1]
1572Richard EdenMartin Cole[1]
1584Edward WaldegraveHenry Blagge[1]
1586Henry BlaggeGeoffrey Rusham[1]
1588Thomas EdenThomas Jermyn[1]
1593William FortescueDudley Fortescue[1]
1597George WaldegraveJohn Clapham[1]
1601Philip GawdyEdward Glascock[1]
1604–1611Sir Thomas BeckinghamThomas Eden, jnr
1614Robert CraneHenry Binge
1621Edward OsborneBrampton Gurdon
1624Robert CraneSir William Pooley
1625Sir Nathaniel BarnardistonRobert Crane
1626Sir Nathaniel BarnardistonThomas Smith
1628Sir Robert CraneSir William Pooley
1629–1640No Parliaments summoned

MPs 1640–1844

[edit]
YearFirst memberFirst partySecond memberSecond party
April 1640Sir Robert CraneParliamentarianRichard Pepys
November 1640(Sir) Simonds d'Ewes[9]Parliamentarian
February 1643Crane died – seat left vacant
1645Brampton GurdonParliamentarian
December 1648D'Ewes ceased sitting afterPride's Purge
1653Sudbury was unrepresented in theBarebones Parliament
1654John FothergillSudbury had only one seat in theFirst and
Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
1656
January 1659Samuel Hassel
May 1659Not represented in the restoredRump
April 1660John GurdonParliamentarianJoseph Brand
1661Thomas WaldegraveIsaac Appleton
1662Sir Robert Cordell
1677Sir Gervase ElwesWhig
February 1679Gervase Elwes
September 1679Sir Gervase ElwesWhig
1685Sir John CordellTorySir George WenyeveTory
1689Sir John PoleyTory[10]Philip GurdonWhig[10]
February 1690John RobinsonWhig[11]
October 1690Sir Thomas BarnardistonWhig
1698Samuel Kekewich
1699John GurdonTory[11]
1700Sir Gervase ElwesWhig
January 1701Sir John CordellTory[11]
December 1701Joseph Haskin StilesWhig[11]
1703George DashwoodTory[11]
1705Philip SkipponWhig[11]
1706Sir Hervey ElwesWhig
1710John MeadTory[11]Lieutenant-General Robert EchlinTory[11]
1713Sir Hervey ElwesWhig
1715Thomas Western
1722John KnightWhigColonel William Windham
1727Carteret Leathes
January 1734Richard Jackson
April 1734Richard PriceEdward Stephenson
1741Thomas FonnereauCarteret Leathes
1747Richard RigbyWhig
1754Thomas Walpole
1761John Henniker
1768(Sir) Patrick Blake[12](Sir) Walden Hanmer[13]
1774[14]Thomas FonnereauPhilip Champion CrespignyWhig
1775Sir Patrick Blake, BtSir Walden Hanmer
1780Philip Champion Crespigny[15]Whig
1781Sir James Marriott
1784William SmithWhigJohn Langston
1790John HippisleyWhigThomas Champion Crespigny
1796William SmithWhigSir James Marriott
1802Sir John HippisleyWhig[16]John PytchesWhig[16]
1807Emanuel Felix AgarTory[16]
1812Charles WyattTory[16]
1818William HeygateTory[16]John BroadhurstWhig[16]
1820Charles Augustus TulkWhig[16]
1826John WilksWhig[16]Bethel WalrondWhig[16]
1828John Norman MacleodTory[16]
1830Sir John WalshTory[16]
1831Digby Cayley WranghamTory[16]
1832Michael Angelo TaylorWhig[16]
Jul. 1834Sir Edward Barnes[17]Tory[16]
Dec. 1834Conservative[16]Conservative[16]
1835John BagshawWhig[18][19][20][21][16]Benjamin SmithWhig[16]
July 1837Sir James HamiltonConservative[16]Sir Edward BarnesConservative[16]
December 1837Joseph BaileyConservative[16]
1838Sir John WalshConservative[16]
1840George TomlineConservative[16]
1841[22]Frederick Villiers MeynellWhig[16][23]David Ochterlony Dyce SombreWhig[16][23]
29 July 1844Constituency disfranchised for corruption and incorporated intoWestern Suffolk

MPs 1885–1950

[edit]
ElectionMemberParty
1885Sir William QuilterLiberal
1886Sir William QuilterLiberal Unionist
1906William Heaton-ArmstrongLiberal
1910 (January)Sir Cuthbert QuilterConservative
1918Stephen HowardCoalition Liberal
1922Herbert MercerConservative
1923Frederick LoverseedLiberal
1924Henry Walter BurtonConservative
1945Roland HamiltonLabour
1950constituency abolished

Elections

[edit]

Elections in the 1830s

[edit]
General election 1830: Sudbury[16][24]
PartyCandidateVotes%
WhigBethel WalrondUnopposed
ToryJohn WalshUnopposed
Whighold
Torygain fromWhig
General election 1831: Sudbury[16][24]
PartyCandidateVotes%
ToryJohn Walsh54446.0
ToryDigby Cayley Wrangham40033.8
WhigWilliam Windham23920.2
Majority16113.6
Turnout656c. 65.6
Registered electorsc. 1,000
Toryhold
Torygain fromWhig
General election 1832: Sudbury[16][25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
WhigMichael Angelo Taylor26333.0+22.9
ToryJohn Walsh25331.8−14.2
ToryDigby Cayley Wrangham23429.4−4.4
WhigJohn Bagshaw465.8−4.3
Turnout47493.1c. +27.5
Registered electors509
Majority293.6N/A
Whiggain fromTorySwing+16.1
Majority192.4−11.2
ToryholdSwing−12.8

Taylor's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 25 July 1834: Sudbury[16][25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ToryEdward Barnes26450.1−11.1
WhigJohn Bagshaw26349.9+11.1
Majority10.2−2.2
Turnout52796.3+3.2
Registered electors547
Torygain fromWhigSwing−11.1
  • Both candidates received the same number of votes, but the mayor's vote was added in favour of Barnes
General election 1835: Sudbury[16][25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
WhigJohn Bagshaw28528.4−4.6
WhigBenjamin Smith25125.0+19.2
ConservativeEdward Barnes24124.0−7.8
ConservativeStephens Lyne-Stephens22722.6−6.8
Majority101.0−2.6
Turnout52795.1+2.0
Registered electors554
WhigholdSwing+1.4
Whiggain fromConservativeSwing+13.3
General election 1837: Sudbury[16][25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeEdward Barnes37242.1+18.1
ConservativeSir James Hamilton, 2nd Baronet, of Woodbrook34238.7+16.1
WhigWilliam Abel Smith15117.1−11.3
WhigSir Thomas Edward Michell Turton, 2nd Baronet192.1−22.9
Majority19121.6N/A
Turnout50283.8−11.3
Registered electors599
Conservativegain fromWhigSwing+17.6
Conservativegain fromWhigSwing+16.6

Hamilton's resignation caused a by-election.

By-election, 12 December 1837: Sudbury[16][25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeJoseph Bailey30354.3−26.5
WhigJames Morrison25545.7+26.5
Majority488.6−13.0
Turnout55892.7+8.9
Registered electors602
ConservativeholdSwing−26.5

Barnes' death caused a by-election.

By-election, 27 March 1838: Sudbury[16][25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeJohn Walsh29352.4−28.4
WhigJohn Bagshaw26647.6+28.4
Majority274.8−16.8
Turnout55992.9+9.1
Registered electors602
ConservativeholdSwing−28.4

Elections in the 1840s

[edit]

Walsh resigned by accepting the office ofSteward of the Chiltern Hundreds in order to contest aby-election atRadnorshire, causing a by-election.

By-election, 5 June 1840: Sudbury[25][16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeGeorge TomlineUnopposed
Conservativehold
General election 1841: Sudbury[25][16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
WhigFrederick Villiers Meynell28425.5+8.4
WhigDavid Ochterlony Dyce Sombre28125.2+23.1
ConservativeDavid Jones27424.6−17.5
ConservativeCharles Taylor27424.6−14.1
Majority70.6N/A
Turnout55792.4+8.6
Registered electors603
Whiggain fromConservativeSwing+12.1
Whiggain fromConservativeSwing+19.5

After anelection petition was lodged, a Royal Commission found proof of extensive bribery and the writ was suspended in 1844. The constituency was absorbed intoWest Suffolk.

Elections in the 1880s

[edit]
General election 1885: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalCuthbert Quilter4,91358.7
ConservativeThomas Weller Poley[27]3,46141.3
Majority1,45217.4
Turnout8,37479.6
Registered electors10,522
Liberalwin (new seat)
General election 1886: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistCuthbert QuilterUnopposed
Liberal Unionistgain fromLiberal

Elections in the 1890s

[edit]
General election 1892: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistCuthbert Quilter5,11163.8N/A
LiberalArthur Graeme Ogilvie2,90536.2New
Majority2,20627.6N/A
Turnout8,01675.4N/A
Registered electors10,638
Liberal UnionistholdSwingN/A
General election 1895: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistCuthbert QuilterUnopposed
Liberal Unionisthold

Elections in the 1900s

[edit]
General election 1900: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal UnionistCuthbert QuilterUnopposed
Liberal Unionisthold
Heaton-Armstrong
General election 1906: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalWilliam Heaton-Armstrong4,20150.8New
Liberal UnionistCuthbert Quilter4,06549.2N/A
Majority1361.6N/A
Turnout8,26681.7N/A
Registered electors10,121
Liberalgain fromLiberal UnionistSwingN/A

Elections in the 1910s

[edit]
Hirst
General election January 1910: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeCuthbert Quilter5,02655.9+6.7
LiberalFrancis Hirst3,95844.1−6.7
Majority1,06811.8N/A
Turnout8,98489.5+7.8
Registered electors10,036
Conservativegain fromLiberalSwing+6.7
General election December 1910: Sudbury[26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeCuthbert QuilterUnopposed
Conservativehold

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Howard
General election 1918: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalStephen Howard6,65652.1New
CUnionistRichard George Proby5,74644.9N/A
LabourJoseph Rouse Hicks*3903.0New
Majority9107.2N/A
Turnout12,79248.4N/A
Liberalgain fromUnionistSwingN/A
Cindicatescandidate endorsed by the coalition government.
* some records describe Hicks as an 'Agriculture' candidate

Elections in the 1920s

[edit]
General election 1922: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistHerbert Mercer7,29847.0+2.1
National LiberalStephen Howard5,41034.9−17.2
LiberalErnest William Tanner2,81318.1−34.0
Majority1,88812.1N/A
Turnout15,52159.3+10.9
Unionistgain fromLiberalSwing
General election 1923: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalFrederick Loverseed8,81352.0* −1.0
UnionistHerbert Mercer8,14848.0+1.0
Majority6654.0N/A
Turnout16,96163.8+4.5
Liberalgain fromUnionistSwing-1.0

* compared to combined 1922 Liberal vote.

General election 1924: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistHenry Burton10,57953.6+5.6
LiberalFrederick Loverseed9,16846.4−5.6
Majority1,4117.2N/A
Turnout19,74773.3+9.5
Unionistgain fromLiberalSwing+5.6
General election 1929: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
UnionistHenry Burton9,71540.2−13.4
LiberalAlan Sainsbury8,30934.4−12.0
LabourW. Jack Shingfield6,14725.4New
Majority1,4065.8−1.4
Turnout24,17175.9+2.6
UnionistholdSwing-0.7

Elections in the 1930s

[edit]
General election 1931: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeHenry Burton13,50055.3+15.1
LiberalAlan Sainsbury10,92944.7+10.3
Majority2,57110.6+4.8
Turnout24,42976.7+0.8
ConservativeholdSwing+2.4
General election 1935: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeHenry Burton11,70049.3−6.0
LiberalAlan Sainsbury8,34435.2−9.5
LabourHorace Denton3,67015.5New
Majority3,35614.1+3.5
Turnout23,71474.4−2.3
ConservativeholdSwing+1.7

Elections in the 1940s

[edit]

General Election 1939–40:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

General election 1945: Sudbury[29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LabourRoland Hamilton9,90640.3+24.8
ConservativeHenry Burton9,65939.2−10.1
LiberalMargaret Hitchcock5,04520.5−14.7
Majority2471.1N/A
Turnout24,61069.5−4.9
Labourgain fromConservativeSwing

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefghijkHasler, P. W., ed. (1981)."Sudbury".The House of Commons 1558–1603.The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved26 November 2022.
  2. ^Page 50,Lewis Namier,The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  3. ^abPage 105,Lewis Namier,The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  4. ^Letter 736, 3rd March 1761,Full text of "The letters of Horace Walpole, fourth earl of Orford
  5. ^Page 320,Lewis Namier,The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  6. ^M.C. Rintoul (1993).Dictionary of Real People and Places in Fiction. Taylor & Francis. p. 872.ISBN 9780415059992.
  7. ^Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales.The public general acts. unknown library. Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports, 1884.
  8. ^S., Craig, Fred W. (1972).Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885–1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications.ISBN 0900178094.OCLC 539011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^Created a baronet, July 1641
  10. ^abPaula Watson (1983)."Sudbury". In Henning, B. D. (ed.).The House of Commons 1660–1690.The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved26 November 2022.
  11. ^abcdefghD. W. Hayton (2002)."Sudbury". In Hayton, David;Cruickshanks, Eveline; Handley, Stuart (eds.).The House of Commons 1690–1715.The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved26 November 2022.
  12. ^Created a baronet, September 1772
  13. ^Created a baronet, May 1774
  14. ^On petition, the result of the election of 1774 was overturned: Fonnereau and Crespigny were declared not to have been duly elected and their opponents, Blake and Hanmer, were seated in their place
  15. ^On petition, Crespigny was declared not to have been duly elected and his opponent, Marriott was seated in his place
  16. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiStooks Smith, Henry (1845).The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 61–63. Retrieved12 December 2018 – viaGoogle Books.
  17. ^Elected on the casting vote of thereturning officer after a tie in votes. His opponent petitioned against the decision, denying that the returning officer was entitled to a casting vote, but Parliament was dissolved before the issue had been settled.
  18. ^The Spectator, Volume 7. F. C. Westley. 1834. p. 702. Retrieved13 May 2018.
  19. ^The Spectator, Volume 10. F. C. Westley. 1837. p. 651. Retrieved13 May 2018.
  20. ^Sperling, Charles Frederick Denne (1896).A short history of the borough of Sudbury, in the county of Suffolk, compiled from materials collected by W.W. Hodson. Sudbury: Sudbury, Printed by B.R. Marten. pp. 162, 259. Retrieved13 May 2018.
  21. ^"General Intelligence".Coventry Standard. 24 June 1853. p. 2. Retrieved13 May 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive.
  22. ^The 1841 election was declared void on petition and aRoyal Commission was appointed to investigate, which eventually led to the disfranchisement of the constituency
  23. ^ab"Electoral Decisions".Northern Star and Leeds General Advertiser. 3 July 1841. p. 24. Retrieved12 December 2018 – viaBritish Newspaper Archive.
  24. ^abMargaret Escott (2009)."Sudbury". In Fisher, David (ed.).The House of Commons 1820–1832.The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved26 November 2022.
  25. ^abcdefghCraig, F. W. S., ed. (1977).British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. p. 294.ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  26. ^abcdefghCraig, F. W. S., ed. (1974).British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885–1918. London: Macmillan Press. p. 394.ISBN 9781349022984.
  27. ^‘WELLER-POLEY, Thomas’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014; online edn, April 2014accessed 22 Sept 2017
  28. ^Cambridge Independent Press 16 Jan 1914
  29. ^abcdefghBritish parliamentary election results, 1918–1949 (Craig)
  • Robert Beatson,A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807)[1]
  • D Brunton & D H Pennington,Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
  • Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808)[2]
  • F W S Craig,British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
  • Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969].British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services.ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
  • Maija Jansson (ed.),Proceedings in Parliament, 1614 (House of Commons) (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988)[3]
  • H G Nicholas,To The Hustings: Election scenes from English fiction (London, Cassell & Co., 1956)
  • Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "S" (part 6)
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