Stuart K. Card (born December 21, 1943) is an American researcher and retired senior research fellow atXerox PARC. He is considered to be one of the pioneers of applyinghuman factors inhuman–computer interaction.[1][2] WithJock D. Mackinlay,George G. Robertson and others he invented a number ofinformation visualization techniques.[3] He holds numerous patents in user interfaces and visual analysis.[4]
Card received aB.A. inphysics fromOberlin College in 1966, and a Ph.D. inpsychology fromCarnegie Mellon University.
He started working as an adjunct faculty member atStanford University in the late 1960s.[5] Since 1974 he had been working atPARC and was the Area Manager of the User Interface Research group. He retired from PARC in 2010 but has been a consulting professor in Stanford University's Computer Science department.
Card received several awards. In 2000 he was awarded the CHI Lifetime Achievement Award from theAssociation for Computing Machinery's SIGCHI, and became Fellow of theAssociation for Computing Machinery. In 2001 he was elected to theCHI Academy. In 2007, he was elected a member of theNational Academy of Engineering, and was awarded TheFranklin Institute'sBower Award and Prize for Achievement in Science.[6] On May 26, 2008, Card was made an Honorary Doctor of Science by Oberlin College.
Stuart Card's study of input devices led to theFitts's law characterization of thecomputer mouse and was a major factor leading to the mouse's commercial introduction by Xerox, most notably in theAlto andStar projects, some of the very earliestGUI systems employing adesktop metaphor.[7]
The 1983 bookThe Psychology of Human–Computer Interaction, which he co-wrote withThomas P. Moran andAllen Newell, became seminal work in the HCI field. Further research into the theoretical characterizations ofhuman–machine interaction led to developments including "theModel Human Processor, the GOMS theory of user interaction,information foraging theory, and statistical descriptions of Internet use".[5] In the new millennium his research has been focusing on developing a "supporting science of human–information interaction and visual-semantic prototypes to aid sense making".[5]
Card has written three books and more than 70 papers, and holds 22 patents.
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