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Strășeni | |
|---|---|
District (Raion) | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 | |
| Country |  Republic of Moldova |
| Administrative center (Oraș-reședință) | Strășeni |
| Established | 2002 |
| Government | |
| • Raion President | Petru Voloșciuc (PLDM), since 2011 |
| Area | |
• Total | 730 km2 (280 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 82,675 |
| • Density | 110/km2 (290/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Area code | +373 37 |
| Car plates | ST |
| Website | www |
Strășeni (pronunciation: [strəˈʃenʲ]) is an administrative district (Romanian:raion) in the central part ofMoldova. Its administrative center and largest city isStrășeni. As of 1 January 2011, its population was 91,100. The other principal town isBucovăț, 26 km (16 mi) to the north of theMoldovan capital. Otherwise, the district is divided between rural communities.
The territory of the district has been inhabited since theStone Age, from 30,000–20,000 BC. The localities with the oldest attestation areCăpriana,Dolna,Lozova andVorniceni, which were first attested in 1420. TheCăpriana monastery in 1429 received the status ofmonastery. The present territory of the district was part of the historic counties ofLăpușna andOrhei, the boundary of which was on theBîc River. In 1545 is remembered by scribes,Strășeni district center. In the 16th–18th centuries, the district developed both economically (trade,agriculture, andforestry) and culturally, with monasteries and churches being built, as there had been a major increase in population. In 1812, after theRusso-Turkish War, the district was part of the occupation ofBessarabia by the Russian Empire from 1812 to 1917, and there was an intenseRussification of the native population. In 1918 after thecollapse of the Russian Empire,Bessarabia united with Romania, during which (1918–1940, 1941–1944), the district was part ofChișinău County. In 1940 afterMolotov–Ribbentrop Treaty, the region was occupied by theUSSR. In 1991, as a result of the proclamation ofIndependence of Moldova, it was part of Chișinău County (1991–2003), and in 2003 became an administrative unit ofMoldova.
Strășeni district is located in central Moldova. The neighboringdistricts areCălărași District to the north-west,Orhei District to the north-east,Criuleni District to the east, the municipality ofChișinău,Ialoveni District andHîncești District in the south, andNisporeni District in the west. The district is located on theCentral Moldavian Plateau, and in theCodri forest. The terrain is hilly, sloping from northwest to southeast, and cut by valleys and rivers. Erosion processes occur with high intensity. The soil is mainlybrown soil forest and gray soil.
Thefauna are typical ofcentral Europe, with the presence ofmammals such as the fox, wild boar, deer, hedgehogs, wild cat,red deer, wolf,raccoon dog, and ferret. Birds include the hawk, crow, stork, eagles, and egrets. In the past, the forests were populated withbrown bears,elk, andwisent, which have disappeared due to excessivehunting anddeforestation.
Forests occupy 36.6% of the district, and are characterized by the presence ofoak,beech,hornbeam,maple,ash, andlime trees. Common plants includeclover,bell, andnettle.
The district is located in theNistru (Dniester) river basin. The maintributaries that cross the district are the Ichel (102 km, 63 miles) and theBîc (152 km, 94 miles). Most lakes in the district have a natural origin, but the largest is the man-madeGhidighici Reservoir.
There are 39 localities in the district. The cities areBucovăț and the administrative center ofStrășeni. In addition there are 12 villages and 25 communes.
As of 1 January 2012 the district population was 91,500, of which 23.7% wasurban and 76.3% wasrural. In 2010, there were 1163 births (12.7 per 1000), 1251 deaths (13.7 per 1000), resulting in a net negative population change of -88 (-1.0 per 1000).
| Ethnic group | % of total |
|---|---|
| Moldovans* | 86.4 |
| Romanians* | 11.3 |
| Russians | 1.0 |
| Ukrainians | 0.7 |
| Gagauz | 0.1 |
| Bulgarians | 0.1 |
| Other | 0.2 |
| Undeclared | 1.01 |
Footnote:*There is anongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.
The main branches of the economy areagriculture andmanufacturing.Soil andclimatic conditions favor the growth ofcereals,sunflower,grapes, and other crops. The mineral resources in the district are stone,gravel, pebbles and sand for building inMicăuți. Communication services are provided byMoldtelecom and thePost of Moldova. There are 15 factories operating in the territory, including for processing grapes and a poultry factory inBucovăț. The district is home to 17 companies. The largest factory: SA "Marsrut", JSC "Caan" experimental-mechanical plant was included in the nationalprivatization program.
Arable land occupies 18,903 ha (25.9%) of the total land,vineyards occupy 8292 ha (11.3%), plantations oforchards 3386 ha (4.6%), 3244 ha ofgrassland (4.4%), 242 ha of fruit trees (0.3%), some 451 ha (0.6%).
In district there are 42 educational institutions, with a total of 10,721 students. Currently[when?] there are 1040 teachers.
In Strășeni district, support for right-wing politics was represented by theAlliance for European Integration (AEI). TheMoldovan Communist Party (PCRM) had a continuous fall in the three elections from 2009 to 2010. During the elections AEI had an increase of 73.0%.
| Year | AEI | PCRM |
|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 67.00%28,858 | 26.44%11,389 |
| July 2009 | 62.22%25,589 | 32.86%13,513 |
| April 2009 | 42.04%16,680 | 44.06%17,479 |
| Parties and coalitions | Votes | % | +/− | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova | 17,719 | 41.13 | +23.06 | |
| Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova | 11,389 | 26.44 | −6.42 | |
| Liberal Party | 5,403 | 12.54 | −8.63 | |
| Democratic Party of Moldova | 4,862 | 11.29 | -0.73 | |
| Party Alliance Our Moldova | 874 | 2.03 | −8.93 | |
| European Action Movement | 865 | 2.01 | +2.01 | |
| Other Party | 2,412 | 5.56 | +0.64 | |
| Total (turnout 58.17%) | 43,396 | 100.00 | ||
Strășeni has 72 cultural institutions, including a culture house, 32 community centers, clubs, 35 libraries, two art schools, three museums and a monastic complex. TheRalli family mansion, whereAlexander Pushkin lived in the summer of 1821 is located inDolna village.
There is ahospital with general fund of 192 beds, a center offamily physicians which includes 15 offices of familydoctors, 13 health centers, 9 health offices, the health district population. The district operates 134 doctors, 297 personal care environment, and 306medical and auxiliary personnel.
The district is crossed by railways, means of communication used extensively to transport goods by business district, and especially Strășeni. The district is crossed by theM1 highway (Chișinău–Ungheni).
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47°10′N28°35′E / 47.167°N 28.583°E /47.167; 28.583
Authority control databases: Geographic |
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