Stjepan Konzul Istranin | |
|---|---|
_Glasoviti_Hrvati_1886.png) 1886 copper engraving of Istranin | |
| Born | 1521 (1521) |
| Died | after 1568 |
| Occupation(s) | Protestant priest and writer |
| Signature | |
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Stipan/Stjepan Konzul Istranin, orStephanus Consul (1521 — after 1568), was a 16th-century CroatianProtestant reformator who authored and translated religious books toČakavian dialect.[1] Istranin was the most important Croatian Protestant writer.[2]
Istranin was born in Buzet in 1521. At that time Buzet belonged to the Habsburg monarchy and was under the jurisdiction of theRoman Catholic Diocese of Koper, which used theOld Slavonic language for liturgical texts.[3][full citation needed]
Istranin began his career in Stari Pazin asparish priest who wroteGlagolitic texts until 1549 when he was banished for being Protestant.[1] Based on the advice ofPrimož Trubar Istranin went toLjubljana in 1559 whereAntun Dalmatin was already engaged to translate liturgical books.[4]
He signed his nameStipan Istrian(in) orStephanus Consul.[5]
TheSouth Slavic Bible Institute was established inUrach in January 1561 by Hans von Ungnad who was its owner and patron.[6][full citation needed] Within the institute Ungnad set up the printing press which he referred to as "the Slovene, Croatian and Cyrillic printing press".[6][full citation needed] The manager and supervisor of the Institute was Primož Trubar.[6][full citation needed]
After being invited by Trubar,[7] Istranin went to Urach where he cooperated with Antun Dalmatin who knew wellCyrillic script and who was invited to Urach to be manager of the printing press.[3][full citation needed] Trubar engaged Istranin and Dalmatin as translators toCroatian andSerbian language[8] to translate hisSlovenian language translation ofNew Testament and print it inLatin,Glagolitic script andCyrillic script.[9][full citation needed] The types for printing of the Cyrillic script texts were molded by craftsmen fromNuremberg.[10] The books they printed at Urach Printing House were planned to be used at entire territory populated by South Slavs between riverSoča andBlack Sea.[11] Trubar had idea to use their books to spread Protentantism among Croats and other South Slavs.[4]
Language used by Dalmatin and Istranin was based on northern-Chakavian dialect with elements ofShtokavian andIkavian.[12] People from the institute, including Trubar, were not satisfied with translations of Dalmatin and Istranin.[12] For long time they tried to engage certain Dimitrije Serb to help them, but without success.[13][full citation needed] Eventually, they managed to engage two Serbian Orthodox priests,Jovan Maleševac from Ottoman Bosnia andMatija Popović from Ottoman Serbia.[13][full citation needed]
According to a list of books kept in the University Library of Tübingen, Istranin and Dalmatin printed 25,000 books in Tübingen and Urach.[14] The most important book they published was translation of New Testament based on the Trubar's translation.
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