Stephenville | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Overlooking the town of Stephenville | |
 Seal | |
  Stephenville Location of Stephenville inNewfoundland | |
| Coordinates:48°33′N58°34′W / 48.550°N 58.567°W /48.550; -58.567 | |
| Country |  Canada |
| Province |  Newfoundland and Labrador |
| Incorporated | 1952 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Bob Byrnes |
| • Governing body | Stephenville Town Council |
| • MHA | Tony Wakeham(PC) |
| • MP | Carol Anstey(C) |
| Area | |
• Total | 35.69 km2 (13.78 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 0–74 m (0–243 ft) |
| Population (2021)[1] | |
• Total | 6,540 |
| • Density | 185.6/km2 (481/sq mi) |
| [1] | |
| Time zone | UTC-3:30 (Newfoundland Time) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-2:30 (Newfoundland Daylight) |
| Postal code span | |
| Area code | 709 |
| Telephone Exchange | 214, 283, 643, 649, 641 and 721 |
| Median Family Income* | $61,184 |
| NTS Map | 012B10 |
| GNBC Code | AAXZD |
| Highways |  Route 460 Route 490 |
| Website | Town of Stephenville official website |
| |
Stephenville (Canada 2021 Census population 6,540)[1] is a town inNewfoundland and Labrador, Canada, on the west coast of the island ofNewfoundland.
The town functions as a local service centre for the southwestern part of the island, serving a direct population of 35,000 people from surrounding areas and over 100,000 people along the entire southwestern coast of the island.[2]
The primary employer in the town was a paper mill, which closed in 2005.
Stephenville has a modern 40-bed hospital (built in 2003), schools, grocery stores, a movie theatre, four banks, an International Airport (Stephenville International Airport, CYJT, now named Dymond International Airport), year round ice free sea port (Port Harmon), and many government institutions. The provincialcommunity college system,College of the North Atlantic, is headquartered in Stephenville and maintains a campus there for students from the southwestern region of the island. The Newfoundland and Labrador Public Library system is also headquartered in Stephenville.[3] A provincial minimum/medium security facility was established in 1978 and provides core programs for federal and provincial offenders at the West Coast Corrections Centre (W.C.C.C.).[4]
The Stephenville area was formerly known as the Acadian village, between 1848 and 1870. The populace of the village consisted of Roman Catholics who eked out a living, farming and fishing. The town's population continued to grow because of the stable economy. It was also formerly home toErnest Harmon AFB, which was operated by theUnited States Army Air Forces and later theUnited States Air Force from 1941 to 1966.
The base precipitated an economic boom of sorts on Newfoundland's southwest coast during the 1940s.Corner Brook to the northeast had been considered the major population center for the region, given its industrial base and nearby recreational opportunities in the Humber River. With the massive investment of the Government of theUnited States in the base, the Stephenville and St. George's Bay area began to flourish. The village of Stephenville grew from a hamlet of several hundred people with no paved streets, sidewalks, water or sewage system in 1941 into a modern town of over 5,000 by the mid-1950s. By the time Ernest Harmon AFB closed in 1966, the town had more than doubled in size, partly as a result of the provincial government's forced resettlement policy toward residents ofoutports.
After the base was closed, the facility was turned over to the federal government which then provided it to the provincial government to diversify the local community.
The facility included the air field, which has two runways (10,000 ft x 200 ft, 4,000 ft x 150 ft) and numerous buildings which are operated as theStephenville International Airport. An abandoned USAFPinetree Line radar site is located on nearby Table Mountain, north of the town. The town uses many former USAF structures for housing, recreation and entertainment.
In 2005, Abitibi closed the town's pulp and paper mill. At the time of closure the mill had approximately 300 full-time and part-time employees.[5][6][7][8][9]
TheStephenville International Airport, formerlyErnest Harmon AFB, serves a small portion of the west coast of the island; weekly summer air service is offered to Toronto Pearson with Sunwing Airlines, twice weekly international flights are offered toSaint-Pierre et Miquelon, France, in February, June and August with Air Saint Pierre,
Daily intraprovincial bus service connecting to major population centres and ferry terminals across the island is provided byDRL Coachlines. Dedicated bus service between Stephenville andCorner Brook is provided by Eddy's Bus Services. Dedicated bus service between Stephenville andPort aux Basques is provided by Gateway Bus Service.
Three taxi companies serve the town: Crown Taxi, Blue Bird Taxi, and King's Cab.
The town is located 15 kilometres northwest of theTrans-Canada Highway, and is accessible using Provincial Highway Routes490 and460.
Rail service to the town, as well as all of Newfoundland, was discontinued byTerra Transport in 1988.
The density of the town core, and its flat topography, permit residents to enjoy outdoor activities such as walking, bicycling, roller blading, and cross-country skiing.
The first educational institution in theBay St. George area was theRoman Catholic Church.BishopJohn T. Mullock established the first church of the Roman Catholic faith at Sandy Point in 1848 when the population of the area was about 2,000. Father Belenger was the first priest in the St. Georges Bay area from 1850 to 1868. Father Sears, then priest in the area, established a church in the growing town of Stephenville. In 1884, there were four Catholic schools in the parish, one at Sandy Point, one at the Highlands, one atPort aux Basques and one at Campbell's Creek.
Today, Stephenville is served by four schools: Stephenville Primary, Stephenville Elementary and Stephenville Middle Schools, which are feeder schools forStephenville High School, SHS also takes in students from St. Thomas Aquinas School in Port-au-Port East.
Stephenville is also home to the Bay St. George campus of College of the North Atlantic (CNA), which is Newfoundland and Labrador's public college system. The provincial Headquarters for CNA is located in the D.S.B Fowlow Building of the campus.
Western College is also located in Stephenville. Formerly known as CompuCollege, the Western College is an affiliate of Eastern College.[10]
The town is located on the northeast coast ofBay St. George in southwesternNewfoundland, and on theAtlantic Ocean. It is situated on a small plateau and surrounded by theLong Range Mountains andLewis Hills on either side. The downtown area lies to the north of theStephenville International Airport, and the rest of the town expands primarily to the northwest.
The town is bisected by Blanche Brook, a small river which runs roughly north to south before meeting Warm Brook, which flows roughly east to west, before both empty in Bay St. George. The original town of Stephenville is situated on the west side of the brook while the east side consists of the area which was once part of Ernest Harmon Air Force Base. There are 4 bridges which span Blanche Brook: Hansen Highway Bridge, Blanche Brook Bridge (Main Street), Columbus Bridge (Minnesota Drive) and the newest West Street Bridge built after the 2005 flood. 3 smaller bridges span Warm Brook, located at: Mississippi Drive, Carolina Avenue and Connecticut Drive. Another waterway, Gaudon's Brook, forms the western border withKippens.
The brooks have been used to create a greenbelt/park area that extends through the centre of town, including Blanche Brook Park which was constructed following the destruction of a neighbourhood which formerly occupied the same space.[11]
Stephenville has a maritime-influencedhumid continental climate (KöppenDfb). While continental patterns dominate with vast seasonal differences and extremely snowy winters,seasonal lag is prevalent as a result of the seawater warming slowly. As a result, summer normals peak in August, with September being warmer than June in spite of the rapidly descending sun strength. Winters are dominated by the high snowfall, but also can see rainy spells during milder weather, which can occur year-round.
| Climate data for Stephenville (Stephenville International Airport) Climate ID: 8403800; coordinates48°32′29″N58°33′00″W / 48.54139°N 58.55000°W /48.54139; -58.55000 (Stephenville A); elevation: 24.7 m (81 ft);WMO ID: 71815; 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1942–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record highhumidex | 15.0 | 13.0 | 19.5 | 26.0 | 28.8 | 36.1 | 40.1 | 37.0 | 36.1 | 27.1 | 24.7 | 18.6 | 40.1 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.6 (58.3) | 12.7 (54.9) | 19.7 (67.5) | 23.8 (74.8) | 27.2 (81.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.7 (87.3) | 29.9 (85.8) | 29.1 (84.4) | 22.4 (72.3) | 20.6 (69.1) | 16.1 (61.0) | 30.7 (87.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.1 (28.2) | −2.5 (27.5) | 0.7 (33.3) | 6.0 (42.8) | 11.8 (53.2) | 16.6 (61.9) | 20.3 (68.5) | 21.1 (70.0) | 16.9 (62.4) | 11.3 (52.3) | 5.9 (42.6) | 1.0 (33.8) | 8.9 (48.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.6 (21.9) | −6.4 (20.5) | −3.3 (26.1) | 2.2 (36.0) | 7.4 (45.3) | 12.2 (54.0) | 16.5 (61.7) | 17.1 (62.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 3.0 (37.4) | −1.9 (28.6) | 5.2 (41.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) | −10.2 (13.6) | −7.3 (18.9) | −1.6 (29.1) | 3.0 (37.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 12.6 (54.7) | 13.1 (55.6) | 9.1 (48.4) | 4.3 (39.7) | 0.0 (32.0) | −4.8 (23.4) | 1.4 (34.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −26.1 (−15.0) | −29.5 (−21.1) | −29.2 (−20.6) | −16.1 (3.0) | −7.1 (19.2) | −1.1 (30.0) | 3.5 (38.3) | 2.2 (36.0) | −0.7 (30.7) | −5.6 (21.9) | −14.9 (5.2) | −20.2 (−4.4) | −29.5 (−21.1) |
| Record lowwind chill | −38.2 | −41.4 | −38.1 | −26.0 | −13.2 | −3.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −4.0 | −9.9 | −21.6 | −35.6 | −41.4 |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 120.7 (4.75) | 107.4 (4.23) | 89.0 (3.50) | 77.7 (3.06) | 99.7 (3.93) | 92.9 (3.66) | 114.5 (4.51) | 117.3 (4.62) | 131.2 (5.17) | 129.9 (5.11) | 119.1 (4.69) | 117.0 (4.61) | 1,316.3 (51.82) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 29.5 (1.16) | 23.1 (0.91) | 39.9 (1.57) | 62.1 (2.44) | 96.3 (3.79) | 92.9 (3.66) | 114.5 (4.51) | 117.3 (4.62) | 131.2 (5.17) | 127.0 (5.00) | 98.4 (3.87) | 46.5 (1.83) | 978.5 (38.52) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 106.7 (42.0) | 96.6 (38.0) | 54.6 (21.5) | 16.7 (6.6) | 3.3 (1.3) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.7 (1.1) | 24.0 (9.4) | 81.2 (32.0) | 385.9 (151.9) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 26.1 | 22.3 | 18.0 | 15.5 | 15.4 | 13.8 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 19.6 | 20.3 | 24.6 | 221.4 |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 5.5 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 11.0 | 14.9 | 13.8 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 19.3 | 15.0 | 8.1 | 144.0 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.2 cm) | 24.5 | 24.1 | 15.4 | 7.4 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.08 | 1.6 | 9.0 | 21.1 | 101.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 1500 LST) | 78.9 | 76.8 | 72.6 | 68.2 | 66.7 | 68.7 | 72.9 | 71.6 | 71.8 | 72.5 | 75.8 | 78.3 | 72.9 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 41.9 | 73.3 | 116.7 | 141.7 | 205.2 | 204.2 | 206.2 | 201.6 | 145.7 | 114.1 | 50.1 | 26.6 | 1,527.3 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 15.4 | 25.6 | 31.7 | 34.6 | 43.5 | 42.4 | 42.4 | 45.4 | 38.5 | 33.9 | 18.0 | 10.2 | 31.8 |
| Source:Environment Canada[12] (sun 1981–2010)[13] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 643 | — |
| 1911 | 826 | +28.5% |
| 1920 | 817 | −1.1% |
| 1935 | 926 | +13.3% |
| 1951 | 5,910 | +538.2% |
| 1961 | 6,043 | +2.3% |
| 1972 | 12,500 | +106.9% |
| 1981 | 8,875 | −29.0% |
| 1986 | 7,994 | −9.9% |
| 1991 | 7,621 | −4.7% |
| 1996 | 7,764 | +1.9% |
| 2001 | 7,109 | −8.4% |
| 2006 | 6,588 | −7.3% |
| 2011 | 6,719 | +2.0% |
| 2016 | 6,623 | −1.4% |
| 2021 | 6,540 | −1.3% |
| [14][15][16][17][18] | ||
In the2021 Census of Population conducted byStatistics Canada, Stephenville had a population of6,540 living in3,188 of its3,412 total private dwellings, a change of-1.3% from its 2016 population of6,623. With a land area of 35.27 km2 (13.62 sq mi), it had a population density of185.4/km2 (480.3/sq mi) in 2021.[1]
| Canada 2016 Census | Population | % of Total Population | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Visible minority group Source:[1] | South Asian | 15 | 0.2% |
| Chinese | 0 | 0% | |
| Black | 15 | 0.2% | |
| Filipino | 10 | 0.2% | |
| Arab | 0 | 0% | |
| Other visible minority | 15 | 0.2% | |
| Total visible minority population | 60 | 0.9% | |
| Aboriginal group Source:[1] | First Nations | 2,510 | 37.9% |
| Métis | 60 | 0.6% | |
| Inuit | 25 | 0.4% | |
| Total Aboriginal population | 2,550 | 38.5% | |
| White | 4,010 | 60.5% | |
| Total population | 6,623 | 100% | |
There are numerous bars and pubs operating in Stephenville. The nightlife caters to a diverse population including students attending bothCollege of the North Atlantic and Western College in town. Live entertainment can be found most nights of the week in at least one location. On weekends, DJs are in house at several nightclubs which have also played host to upcoming DJs and performers from cities such asMontreal andToronto, while other locations host well-known local performers.
The Bay St. George Folk Arts Council hosts a monthly "Folk Night" at Emile's Pub in downtown Stephenville. The Council promotes local folk artists who work in both the visual arts and in music.[19]
Each summer, the Stephenville Theatre Festival produces high quality professional productions that have attracted visitors from all over Canada and the United States and has been reviewed by publications such as theNew York Times. The festival employs upwards of 70 people and is the premiere tourist attraction for the island's southwest coast.[20] The festival performs at the StephenvilleArts and Culture Centre, the second largest of the six arts centres throughout the province. The centre contains a 435-seat main theatre, a 142-seat secondary theatre and an art exhibition area in a building that was once The Service Club on theErnest Harmon Air Force Base.[21]
Following in Stephenville's strong theatre history and culture, the 2nd Stage Players provide year-round theatre productions put off by locals. The troupe was started by well-known Newfoundland theatre figure Jerry Doyle, who has also initiated acting workshops for youth and adults alike.[22]
The newly renovated Stephenville Cinema is one of only two movie theatres remaining on the west coast of Newfoundland. In its heyday, it played host to the likes of Bob Hope, Mae West and Frank Sinatra. Today, it hosts big Hollywood titles.[23]
The town has numerous indoor and outdoor recreation opportunities. Various schools have public gymnasiums and there are private recreation and fitness facilities in the town and surrounding areas. Stephenville often hosts atlantic, provincial, and regional championships in sports such as curling, hockey, cross-country skiing, soccer, and more.
TheInternational Appalachian Trail has been extended through the area, providing a continuous recreational hiking trail along theLong Range Mountains. The abandoned railway corridors of theNewfoundland Railway have also been designated the "T'railway Provincial Park", providing a level wilderness trail for bicycling and walking.
Within the town itself, the Walk-a-Ways Trail System offers takes pedestrians throughout the town, from the Base, to Port Harmon, into the downtown and to the fossil forest at its northern terminus. The trail links all of Stephenville's recreation areas and complexes including Bike lanes, several soccer fields, baseball and softball diamonds and tennis courts.[24]
The town also has an 18-holelinks golf course that was expanded from a 9-hole course in 1999. The course was originally built by theUnited States Air Force.[25] The former Caribou Club on the base was converted into a 4 sheet curling rink in the 1970s; the club retains its original name: The Caribou Curling Club.[26]
TheStephenville Dome is home to the "Stephenville Lightning" hockey team of the Central West Senior Hockey league and is the main ice rink for the Bay St. George region, boasting an Olympic-size ice surface and seating for approximately 1,200 patrons. The rink plays host to hockey, figure skating, broomball, general skating, home shows, conventions and concerts. Along with the Civic Centre inCorner Brook, the Stephenville Dome co-hosted the 1999 Canada Winter Games and housed events such as figure skating and speedskating.[27] Meanwhile, the Regional Aquatic Centre provides residents with a full range of aquatic activities. This modern swimming facility built in 1995 includes a regulation sized pool, kiddie pool, hot tub, and water slide.[28]
In addition to privately owned fitness centres, theYMCA has a facility in Stephenville. The West Coast Training Centre, a facility featuring numerous amenities such as a gymnasium, weight room, steam room, squash courts, multi-purpose rooms, and office/meeting space was slated to be closed by provincial government as a cost-cutting measure in 2013. The town assumed ownership of the facility shortly afterward and reached an operation agreement with the YMCA. The organization operates a renovated, modern facility with space for sports such as basketball, volleyball, martial arts, as well as fitness classes and include workout space.[29]
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48°33′N58°34′W / 48.550°N 58.567°W /48.550; -58.567 (Stephenville)
