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Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
County in Missouri, United States

County in Missouri
Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri
Ste. Genevieve County Courthouse
Ste. Genevieve County Courthouse
Map of Missouri highlighting Ste. Genevieve County
Location within the U.S. state ofMissouri
Map of the United States highlighting Missouri
Missouri's location within theU.S.
Coordinates:37°53′36″N90°12′12″W / 37.8933°N 90.2033°W /37.8933; -90.2033
Country United States
StateMissouri
FoundedOctober 1, 1812
Named afterSaint Genevieve
SeatSte. Genevieve
Largest citySte. Genevieve
Area
 • Total
507 sq mi (1,310 km2)
 • Land499 sq mi (1,290 km2)
 • Water7.6 sq mi (20 km2)  1.5%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
18,479
 • Density37.0/sq mi (14.3/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district8th
Websitestegencounty.org

Sainte Genevieve County, often abbreviatedSte. Genevieve County (French:comté de Ste-Geneviève), is acounty located in the eastern portion of theU.S. state ofMissouri. As of the2020 census, the population was 18,479.[1] The largest city andcounty seat isSte. Genevieve.[2] The county was officially organized on October 1, 1812, and is named after the Spanish district once located in the region, after SaintGenevieve, patroness of Paris, France.

It includes Ste. Genevieve, the earliest settlement west of theMississippi River outsideNew Spain, and one of the French colonial mid-Mississippi valley villages. It is one of the last places wherePaw Paw French is still spoken.

History

[edit]
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Ste. Genevieve County is located on the west bank of theMississippi River approximately 60 miles (97 km) south ofSt. Louis. Ste. Genevieve is the principal town and the county seat of Ste. Genevieve County with a population of around 5,000 people.

Ste. Genevieve was the first permanent civilized settlement in Missouri. The actual date of establishment is, like many other dates, connected to genealogy. Sources do not agree on the year of founding. According toGoodspeed'sHistory of Southeast Missouri, and most of the descendants of the early settlers, 1735 is the most generally accepted date. Dr. Carl J. Ekberg, in his book,Colonial Ste. Genevieve, suggests that Ste. Genevieve was founded closer to 1750, based on interpretations of early letters, maps, and Catholic Church documents. Ste. Genevieve is about 250 years old.

The village of Ste. Genevieve was originally included in what was known as the Illinois Country. This was generally accepted to be all the land claimed by the French from the mouth of theOhio River, north to theGreat Lakes, and including the valleys of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio rivers. The French established their seat of government for this territory inNew Orleans. What is now Missouri became part of Upper Louisiana Territory. Early French explorers and settlers were known to have been in the Ste. Genevieve area in the very early 18th century.

Salt was a very important commodity at the time, used in the preservation of foods and curing of animal hides. The early French settlers were quick to exploit the salt springs on Saline Creek just south of Ste. Genevieve. Mineral explorations attractedRenault andLa Motte to the area. Some of theearliest lead mines were named for La Motte in nearbyMadison County.

Probably the biggest factor in the establishment of Ste. Genevieve was agriculture. Across the Mississippi River inFort de Chartres andKaskaskia, there was a growing need for agricultural land for the colonists. Across the Mississippi fromFort Kaskaskia was a large fertile section of river bottom, called the "Grand Champ" or Big Field. The "Old Town" of Ste. Genevieve was originally located here. It was approximately three miles south of the present site of Ste. Genevieve.

The village of Ste. Genevieve was originally an offshoot of the older French communities on the east bank of the Mississippi River—Cahokia, Kaskaskia, village of Chartres,Prairie du Rocher, andSt. Philippe. The rich agricultural lands of the river bottoms were main attractions that lured most all of the early French pioneers to Ste. Genevieve. All the civil and legal business of Ste. Genevieve was transacted at Kaskaskia until about 1766 when the first commandant, Philippe de Rocheblave, was installed at Ste. Genevieve. By that time, more French migrants moved to the village from east of the river to escape British rule after France's defeat in the Seven Years' War.

Townspeople relocated Ste. Genevieve to its present higher location from the river bottoms after the devastating floods of 1785. According to a sworn statement by Julien Labriere, in October 1825, "there were about fifty or sixty cabins in the old village. The old village was overflowed so as to be on the tops of houses. The water in many places was twelve or fifteen feet deep." The Mississippi River was the main travel route in the early decades, when it served as a means of transportation for travelers both across, and up and down the river. The first commercial ferry between Ste. Genevieve and the Illinois side was established about 1800.

When Missouri was first being settled, theOsageNative Americans were the only tribe between theOsage River and the Mississippi. They were of the same stock as theSioux and were hostile to the whites. Around 1787, the Spanish government, which had acquired the territory from France in 1762, brought in a band ofShawnee andDelaware Native Americans, who had been friendly to the French, to help protect the settlers from the Osage.

After the French had established and settled Ste. Genevieve, the first English-speaking American settlers started showing up in about 1788, and trickled upriver fromCape Girardeau andNew Madrid. Starting about 1794, after the American Revolutionary War, newly independent Americans began migrating into the Ste. Genevieve District fromPennsylvania,Virginia,Kentucky, andTennessee.

The flow increased in the early nineteenth century. In 1800, France reacquired Louisiana from Spain, and in 1803,Napoleon Bonaparte I sold it to the United States as theLouisiana Purchase. U.S. officials took over in 1804. They formed Ste. Genevieve County in 1812 as an original county of the Louisiana Territory, from the old Ste. Genevieve District. It is bordered on the east by the Mississippi River, on the north byJefferson County, on the west bySt. Francois County, and on the south by Perry County.

Starting around 1840, German Catholics began settling aroundNew Offenburg andZell. Shortly afterward German Lutherans began spreading into Ste. Genevieve fromPerry County. But as late as 1930, most residents of Ste Genevieve were Catholic.

Geography

[edit]

According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 507 square miles (1,310 km2), of which 499 square miles (1,290 km2) is land and 7.6 square miles (20 km2) (1.5%) is water.[3] The county's northeastern border withIllinois is formed by theMississippi River.

Adjacent counties

[edit]

Major highways

[edit]

National protected area

[edit]

Mountains and hills

[edit]

Valleys

[edit]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
18204,962
18302,186−55.9%
18403,14844.0%
18505,31368.8%
18608,02951.1%
18708,3844.4%
188010,39023.9%
18909,883−4.9%
190010,3594.8%
191010,6072.4%
19209,809−7.5%
193010,0972.9%
194010,9058.0%
195011,2373.0%
196012,1167.8%
197012,8676.2%
198015,18018.0%
199016,0375.6%
200017,84211.3%
201018,1451.7%
202018,4791.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[4]
1790-1960[5] 1900-1990[6]
1990-2000[7] 2010-2015[8] 2020[1]

As of thecensus[10] of 2000, there were 17,842 people, 6,586 households, and 4,926 families residing in the county. Thepopulation density was 36 people per square mile (14 people/km2). There were 8,018 housing units at an average density of 16 units per square mile (6.2/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 98.03%White, 0.72%Black orAfrican American, 0.30%Native American, 0.16%Asian, 0.13% fromother races, and 0.66% from two or more races. Approximately 0.74% of the population wereHispanic orLatino of any race.

There were 6,586 households, out of which 35.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.60% weremarried couples living together, 7.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.20% were non-families. 21.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.60% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 27.90% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 14.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 101.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $48,764, and the median income for a family was $56,170. Males had a median income of $33,609 versus $18,875 for females. Theper capita income for the county was $20,876. About 6.00% of families and 8.20% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 11.30% of those under age 18 and 7.90% of those age 65 or over.

2020 Census

[edit]
Ste. Genevieve County Racial Composition[11]
RaceNum.Perc.
White (NH)17,12792.7%
Black or African American (NH)3201.73%
Native American (NH)540.3%
Asian (NH)290.16%
Pacific Islander (NH)20.01%
Other/Mixed (NH)6783.67%
Hispanic orLatino2691.46%

Education

[edit]

Of adults 25 years of age and older in Ste. Genevieve County, 73.8% possess ahigh school diploma or higher while 8.1% holds abachelor's degree or higher as their highest educational attainment.

Public schools

[edit]
  • Ste. Genevieve County R-II School District -Ste. Genevieve
    • Bloomsdale Elementary School -Bloomsdale - (K-05)
    • Ste. Genevieve Elementary School (K-05)
    • Ste. Genevieve Middle School (06-08)
    • Ste. Genevieve High School (09-12)

Private schools

[edit]

Public libraries

[edit]
  • Sainte Genevieve County Library[12]

Politics

[edit]

Local

[edit]

Historically, Democrats controlled local politics in Ste. Genevieve County. However, in recent years this has changed. In 2018, Claudia Stuppy became the first Republican elected in over 20 years to a countywide position, and longtime sheriff Gary Stolzer switched parties from Democratic to Republican.[13]

Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
AssessorLinda WagnerDemocratic
Circuit ClerkJulie BovaDemocratic
County ClerkSue WolkDemocratic
CollectorKim Resinger GielowRepublican
Commissioner
(presiding)
Randy RuzickaRepublican
Commissioner
(district 1)
Karen A. StuppyDemocratic
Commissioner
(district 2)
Randy RuzickaRepublican
CoronerEric BaslerDemocratic
Prosecuting AttorneyWayne WilliamsDemocratic
Public AdministratorAmanda KuehnRepublican
RecorderMary Jane Fallert WhiteRepublican
SheriffGary StolzerRepublican
SurveyorGerald "Duck" BaderDemocratic
TreasurerSara HoogDemocratic
Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
YearRepublicanDemocraticThird Parties
202472.43%6,88725.54%2,4282.03%193
202065.94%6,18032.12%3,0111.94%182
201650.31%4,24247.07%3,9692.62%221
201236.15%2,87861.35%4,8842.50%199
200832.87%2,86165.48%5,6991.65%144
200446.90%3,84551.32%4,2081.78%146
200048.36%3,52548.76%3,5542.88%210
199637.31%2,51560.23%4,0602.46%166
199233.97%2,37266.03%4,6100.00%0
198855.65%3,43743.57%2,6910.78%48
198451.53%3,07048.47%2,8880.00%0
198040.19%2,49059.60%3,6920.21%13
197642.21%2,26057.70%3,0890.09%5

State

[edit]

Ste. Genevieve County is divided into two legislative districts in theMissouri House of Representatives.

  • District 115 is currently represented by Elaine Gannon (R-De Soto). Consists of the extreme northern part of the county along the Jefferson County line.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 115 — Ste. Genevieve County (2020)[14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanCyndi Buchheit-Courtway77366.52%
DemocraticCynthia Nugent38733.30%
[15]
Missouri House of Representatives — District 115 — Ste. Genevieve County (2018)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanElaine Gannon71697.95%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 115 — Ste. Genevieve County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanElaine Gannon65662.71%+2.54
DemocraticBarbara Stocker33331.84%−2.70
LibertarianCharles Bigelow575.45%+5.45
Missouri House of Representatives — District 115 — Ste. Genevieve County (2014)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanElaine Gannon28460.17%+14.02
DemocraticDan Darian16334.54%−19.31
ConstitutionJerry Dollar Jr.255.30%+5.30
Missouri House of Representatives — District 115 — Ste. Genevieve County (2012)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanElaine Gannon47446.15%
DemocraticRich McCane55353.85%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 116 — Ste. Genevieve County (2020)[14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanDale Wright646098.49%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 116 — Ste. Genevieve County (2018)[14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanDale Wright3,39653.65%
DemocraticBill Kraemer2,92346.18%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 116 — Ste. Genevieve County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanKevin Engler5,91898.08%

All of Ste. Genevieve County is a part of Missouri's 3rd District in theMissouri Senate and is currently represented byElaine Freeman Gannon (R-De Soto, Missouri). The 3rd Senatorial District consists ofIron,Reynolds,St. Francois, Ste. Genevieve andWashington counties and part ofJefferson County.

Missouri Senate — District 3 — Ste. Genevieve County (2020)[14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanElaine Gannon7,34298.31%
Missouri Senate — District 3 — Ste. Genevieve County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanGary Romine6,32883.02%
GreenEdward R. Weissler1,27316.70%
Missouri Senate — District 3 — Ste. Genevieve County (2012)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanGary Romine3,06138.43%
DemocraticJoseph Fallert Jr.4,90561.57%

Federal

[edit]
U.S. Senate — Missouri — Ste. Genevieve County (2018)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJosh Hawley3,90251.90%
DemocraticClaire McCaskill3,34744.52%
LibertarianJapheth Campbell941.25%
GreenJo Crain420.56%
IndependentCraig O'Dear1311.74%
U.S. Senate — Missouri — Ste. Genevieve County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanRoy Blunt4,09648.83%+14.45
DemocraticJason Kander3,92946.83%−12.97
LibertarianJonathan Dine2032.42%−3.40
GreenJohnathan McFarland991.18%+1.18
ConstitutionFred Ryman620.74%+0.74
U.S. Senate — Missouri — Ste. Genevieve County (2012)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanTodd Akin2,73534.38%
DemocraticClaire McCaskill4,75859.80%
LibertarianJonathan Dine4635.82%

Ste. Genevieve County is included inMissouri's 8th Congressional District and is currently represented byJason T. Smith (R-Salem) in theU.S. House of Representatives. Smith won a special election on Tuesday, June 4, 2013, to finish out the remaining term ofU.S. RepresentativeJo Ann Emerson (R-Cape Girardeau). Emerson announced her resignation a month after being reelected with over 70 percent of the vote in the district. She resigned to become CEO of the National Rural Electric Cooperative.

U.S. House of Representatives — District 8 — Ste. Genevieve County (2020)[14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJason T. Smith6,17068.13%
DemocraticKathy Ellis2,70429.86%
LibertarianTom Schmitz1781.97%
U.S. House of Representatives — District 8 — Ste. Genevieve County (2018)[15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJason T. Smith4,25158.61%
DemocraticKathy Ellis2,87939.69%
LibertarianJonathan Shell1231.70%
U.S. House of Representatives — District 8 — Ste. Genevieve County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJason T. Smith4,97862.36%+10.42
DemocraticDave Cowell2,79034.95%−3.32
LibertarianJonathan Shell2152.69%+0.12
U.S. House of Representatives — District 8 — Ste. Genevieve County (2014)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJason T. Smith1,98351.94%−2.43
DemocraticBarbara Stocker1,46138.27%−4.08
LibertarianRick Vandeven982.57%+1.44
ConstitutionDoug Enyart1373.59%+1.99
IndependentTerry Hampton1393.64%+3.64
U.S. House of Representatives — District 8 — Special Election — Ste. Genevieve County (2013)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJason T. Smith57954.37%−6.60
DemocraticSteve Hodges45142.35%+6.62
LibertarianBill Slantz121.13%−2.17
ConstitutionDoug Enyart171.60%+1.60
Write-InWayne L. Byington60.56%+0.56
U.S. House of Representatives — District 8 — Ste. Genevieve County (2012)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
RepublicanJo Ann Emerson4,71160.97%
DemocraticJack Rushin2,76135.73%
LibertarianRick Vandeven2553.30%

Political culture

[edit]
United States presidential election results for Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri[16]
YearRepublicanDemocraticThird party(ies)
No. %No. %No. %
188877638.90%1,16758.50%522.61%
189268336.00%1,15560.89%593.11%
189690341.94%1,24557.83%50.23%
190093541.63%1,29657.70%150.67%
190498645.50%1,16353.67%180.83%
19081,06448.78%1,10850.80%90.41%
19121,10047.58%1,13849.22%743.20%
19161,13747.93%1,21851.35%170.72%
19201,91762.08%1,14937.21%220.71%
19241,33049.20%1,25746.50%1164.29%
19281,09930.09%2,54769.74%60.16%
19321,10926.31%3,08773.24%190.45%
19361,66439.79%2,44658.49%721.72%
19402,75056.63%2,09843.20%80.16%
19442,21454.03%1,87845.83%60.15%
19481,56743.92%1,98455.61%170.48%
19522,68252.91%2,38547.05%20.04%
19562,63352.70%2,36347.30%00.00%
19601,95637.86%3,21162.14%00.00%
19641,31625.89%3,76874.11%00.00%
19681,93742.09%2,22548.35%4409.56%
19722,90056.34%2,24743.66%00.00%
19762,24141.72%3,09157.54%400.74%
19802,76844.00%3,32452.84%1993.16%
19843,24554.37%2,72345.63%00.00%
19882,53241.08%3,61258.60%200.32%
19921,78024.94%3,79553.17%1,56221.89%
19962,07830.89%3,59753.47%1,05215.64%
20003,50547.94%3,60049.24%2062.82%
20043,79146.54%4,28152.55%740.91%
20083,73242.29%4,97956.42%1141.29%
20124,05550.25%3,81347.25%2022.50%
20165,49664.57%2,54229.86%4745.57%
20206,63069.80%2,71328.56%1551.63%
20247,03171.72%2,62926.82%1431.46%

Previously, Ste. Genevieve was once a reliably Democratic stronghold in presidential elections. From 1948 to 2008, the county voted Democratic at every election except the national Republican landslides of 1952, 1956, 1972 and 1984.George W. Bush lost Ste. Genevieve County both times in2000 and2004; in the latter election, it was one of only four county-level jurisdictions (theindependent city ofSt. Louis,St. Louis County andJackson County) that voted forJohn Kerry. Unlike other rural counties throughout Missouri, Ste. Genevieve County was one of only nine counties in Missouri that favoredBarack Obama overJohn McCain in2008. The Democratic dominant streak in Ste. Genevieve County, however, was broken in2012 whenMitt Romney carried it by three points over incumbent President Obama. This was the first time that a Republican presidential nominee had won Ste. Genevieve County sinceRonald Reagan carried the county in his landslide reelection bid in1984. In2016, RepublicanDonald Trump, who received much more working class support than a typical Republican which could be seen across many working class andrural counties all across the country just like Ste. Genevieve county. Trump won the county with 64%, the highest percentage of any presidential candidate sinceLyndon Johnson in1964 and the most of any Republican candidate ever.

Like most rural counties throughout Missouri, voters in Ste. Genevieve County generally adhere to socially and culturallyconservative principles but are more moderate orpopulist on economic issues. Its character is similar to those ofYellow Dog Democratic counties in the South. In 2004, Missourians voted ona constitutional amendment to define marriage as the union between a man and a woman—it overwhelmingly passed Ste. Genevieve County with 75.25 percent of the vote. The initiative passed the state with 71 percent of support from voters as Missouri became the first state to bansame-sex marriage. In 2006, Missourians voted ona constitutional amendment to fund and legalize embryonic stem cell research in the state—it failed in Ste. Genevieve County with 56.22 percent voting against the measure. The initiative narrowly passed the state with 51 percent of support from voters as Missouri became one of the first states in the nation to approveembryonic stem cell research. Despite Ste. Genevieve County's longstanding tradition of supporting socially conservative platforms, voters in the county have a penchant for advancingpopulist causes like increasing theminimum wage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a proposition (Proposition B) to increase the minimum wage in the state to $6.50 an hour—it passed Ste. Genevieve County with 79.26 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri with 78.99 percent voting in favor as the minimum wage was increased to $6.50 an hour in the state. During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.

Missouri presidential preference primary (2008)

[edit]
Main articles:2008 Missouri Democratic presidential primary and2008 Missouri Republican presidential primary

ThenU.S. SenatorHillary Clinton (D-New York) received more votes, a total of 1,922, than any candidate from either party in Ste. Genevieve County during the 2008 presidential primary. She also received more votes than the total number of votes cast in the entire Republican Primary in Ste. Genevieve County.

Communities

[edit]

Cities

[edit]

Census-designated places

[edit]

Unincorporated communities

[edit]

Ghost towns

[edit]

Townships

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Explore Census Data".
  2. ^"Find a County". National Association of Counties. RetrievedJune 7, 2011.
  3. ^"2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived fromthe original on October 21, 2013. RetrievedNovember 20, 2014.
  4. ^"U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. RetrievedNovember 20, 2014.
  5. ^"Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. RetrievedNovember 20, 2014.
  6. ^"Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. RetrievedNovember 20, 2014.
  7. ^"Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000"(PDF). United States Census Bureau.Archived(PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. RetrievedNovember 20, 2014.
  8. ^"State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived fromthe original on September 5, 2015. RetrievedSeptember 14, 2013.
  9. ^"Population and Housing Unit Estimates". RetrievedNovember 13, 2019.
  10. ^"U.S. Census website".United States Census Bureau. RetrievedJanuary 31, 2008.
  11. ^"P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri".
  12. ^Breeding, Marshall."Sainte Genevieve County Library". Libraries.org. RetrievedMay 8, 2017.
  13. ^"Six Candidates Seeking Two Spots On Ste. Genevieve County Commission".Ste. Genevieve Herald. RetrievedDecember 8, 2020.
  14. ^abcde"Statement of Votes Cast"(PDF).Stegen County. November 6, 2020. RetrievedJune 19, 2023.
  15. ^ab"Election Summary Report"(PDF).Stegen County. November 6, 2018. RetrievedJune 19, 2023.
  16. ^Leip, David."Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".uselectionatlas.org. RetrievedMarch 26, 2018.

External links

[edit]
Places adjacent to Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri
Municipalities and communities ofSainte Genevieve County, Missouri,United States
Cities
Map of Missouri highlighting Sainte Genevieve County
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