| Statue of Robert Milligan | |
|---|---|
 The statue in 2017 | |
 | |
| Artist | Richard Westmacott |
| Location | London, England |
| Coordinates | 51°30′26″N0°01′26″W / 51.50735°N 0.02389°W /51.50735; -0.02389 |
Astatue of Robert Milligan was installed at theWest India Docks inLondon, in 1813.[1]Milligan was amerchant, and was largely responsible for the construction of the West India Docks. After being put in storage in 1943, it was re-erected by theLondon Docklands Development Corporation in 1997.
On 9 June 2020, the statue was removed, coinciding with a drive to review slave-trader statues launched by theMayor of London,Sadiq Khan.[2][3][4]
Robert Milligan (1746–1809) was a prominentScottishmerchant, ship-owner andslave-factor, who was the driving force behind the construction of theWest India Docks inLondon. The statue was commissioned by the West India Dock Company from the sculptorRichard Westmacott in May 1809, following Milligan's death.[5] From its installation in 1813 the statue stood by the Hibbert Gate, until 1875 when it was moved to the North Gate.[1] It was put into storage in 1943, where it remained until 1997, when it was re-erected at its original location on theWest India Dock by theLondon Docklands Development Corporation.[6] TheMuseum of London Docklands opened in buildings directly behind the statue in 2003.[7]
In 1998 an article inThe Islander, a community newspaper sponsored by the Association of Island Communities on the localIsle of Dogs, published a photograph of the statue with another featuringMax Hebditch, at the time director of theMuseum of London Docklands, with Roger Squire, at that time the Joint Chief Executive of the London Docklands Development Corporation, who had made the arrangements to return the statue to its original place. The article argued that Milligan was a genius who had persuaded the city merchants to build the West India Docks on the Isle of Dogs, rather than inWapping. Dubbing Milligan "the father of the Isle of Dogs", the article called for Wednesday 12 July 2000 to be celebrated as the bicentenary of the laying of the docks' foundation stone in 1800.[8]
In 2007, when the Museum of London Docklands opened theLondon, Sugar and Slavery gallery, the connection between the West India Dock, the sugar warehouses which now house the museum and the exploitation ofenslaved Africans on West Indian sugar plantations was made explicit. The 1811 portrait ofGeorge Hibbert byThomas Lawrence had been moved from a place where he had been revered as playing a heroic role in the creation of the dock to a position in the new gallery with a caption clarifying his role as a politician and slave owner who resisted theabolition of slavery. In November, at the time of the opening of the exhibition, the statue of Robert Milligan was shrouded in black cloth, tied up with rope – although this was removed after the event. The museum also elicited the thoughts of members of the public as regards the statue in relation to Milligan's involvement with the enslavement of Africans.[9]
Following the vandalism and removal ofEdward Colston's statue in Bristol by anti-racism protesters in response to themurder of George Floyd, a petition was launched to remove the statue of Milligan. Set up byLabour councillor Ehtasham Haque,[10][11] it attracted 4,000 signatures in less than two days.[12][4] He described the fact that the statue still existed in 2020 as "an insult to humanity".[13] A series of evening protests was planned.[12]
The statue was covered with a shroud by protesters, and placards were attached to it. On 9 June 2020, the Museum of London Docklands issued a statement saying how this made the statue an "object of protest", and said that they believed it should remain so for as long as the statue remained.[14] They added that they "advocate for the statue of Robert Milligan to be removed on the grounds of its historical links to colonial violence and exploitation." Later that day, the statue was removed by thelocal authority, and the landowners theCanal & River Trust, to "recognise the wishes of the community".[14][2] The statue was removed on the same day thatSadiq Khan announced plans to establish aCommission for Diversity in the Public Realm.
In March 2022 the Canal & River Trust, which owned the statue, donated it to theMuseum of London. The intention is to display the statue at theMuseum of London Docklands in due course.[15][16]
