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List of U.S. state and territory nicknames

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Map of the United States showing the state nicknames as hogs. Lithograph by Mackwitz, St. Louis, 1884.

The following is a table ofU.S. state,federal district andterritorynicknames, including officially adopted nicknames and other traditional nicknames for the 50 U.S. states, the U.S. federal district, as well as five U.S. territories.

State, federal district, and territory nicknames

[edit]

Official state, federal district, and territory nicknames are highlighted inbold. A state nickname is not to be confused with an officialstate motto.

State,
federal district,
or territory		Nickname(s)
 Alabama[1][a]
 Alaska
 American Samoa
  • Motu o Fiafiaga (aSamoan phrase; in English, it is "Islands of Paradise")[9] (used on American Samoa license plates)[10]
  • Football Island[s][11]
 Arizona
 Arkansas
 California
 Colorado
 Connecticut
 Delaware
  • Chemical Capital of the World[31] (due to one time being the corporate headquarters for several international chemical companies.)
  • Corporate Capital (due to the state's business-friendly incorporation laws)[31]
  • Diamond State (Thomas Jefferson is supposed to have referred to Delaware as being like a diamond – small in size but great in value)[32]
  • Blue Hen State or Blue Hen Chicken State[33]
  • The First State[31][34] (Delaware was the first state to ratify theConstitution; used onlicense plates)
  • Peach State[31] (no longer used; see Georgia)
  • Small Wonder[31]
 District of Columbia[a]
  • Nation's Capital[35]
  • DMV (nickname for the broader metropolitan area of the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia)[35]
  • Inside theBeltway[36]
  • Chocolate City[37]
 Florida
 Georgia
  • Peach State[41] (used onlicense plates)
  • Cracker State — Along with Florida, Georgia had been called "The Cracker State" in earlier times, perhaps a derogatory term that referred to immigrants, called "crackers", from the mountains of Virginia and North Carolina.[42] See alsoAtlanta Crackers: Origin of the name
  • Empire State of the South — Georgia is the largest Southern state in land area east of the Mississippi and was the leading industrial state of the Old South.[43]
  • Goober State — Refers to peanuts, the official state crop.[44]
  • State of Adventure
 Guam
 Hawaii
 Idaho
 Illinois[56]
 Indiana
  • Hoosier State (Used at various times onlicense plates)[58]
    (Hoosier is also the official demonym of a resident of Indiana)
  • Crossroads of America (Also used at various times onlicense plates and used on highway welcome signs)
 Iowa
 Kansas
 Kentucky
 Louisiana
 Maine
 Maryland
 Massachusetts
 Michigan
 Minnesota
 Mississippi
 Missouri
 Montana
 Nebraska
 Nevada
 New Hampshire
 New Jersey
 New Mexico
  • Land of Enchantment[84] (used onlicense plates)
  • Land of Sunshine (predates "Land of Enchantment"; this earlier nickname highlighted the large percentage of sunshine received statewide)[85]
 New York
 North Carolina
 North Dakota
 Northern Mariana Islands[a]
  • Håfa Adai (aChamorro phrase; in English, it is "Hello")[90] (used on Northern Mariana Islands license plates)[91][b]
  • America's Best Kept Secret[92]
 Ohio
 Oklahoma
 Oregon
 Pennsylvania
 Puerto Rico
  • Isla del Encanto ("Island of Enchantment") (used onlicense plates)
  • Borinquen (name given by indigenous people, theTainos)[99]
 Rhode Island
 South Carolina
 South Dakota
 Tennessee
 Texas
 U.S. Virgin Islands[a]
 Utah
 Vermont
 Virginia
 Washington[a]
 West Virginia
 Wisconsin[114][a]
 Wyoming
  • Cowboy State
  • Equality State
  • Forever West (on highway welcome signs)

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefNo official nickname.
  2. ^Though this phrase is used on license plates, it is unclear if it is the official nickname of the Northern Mariana Islands.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Emblems Index". State of Alabama. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2008.
  2. ^abSinclair Broadcast Group (July 18, 2014)."Welcome to Sweet Home Alabama: New signs going up on interstate highways".WBMA. RetrievedAugust 15, 2021.
  3. ^abIntroduction to Alabama, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  4. ^abc"Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors". Alabama Department of Archives & History. April 20, 2006. Archived fromthe original on December 24, 2018. RetrievedMarch 18, 2007.Alabama does not have an official nickname.
  5. ^"Heart of Dixie".Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors. Alabama Department of Archives & History. June 29, 2004. Archived fromthe original on December 24, 2018. RetrievedMarch 18, 2007.
  6. ^"Nicknames: America's 50 States (First of Four Parts)".Voice of America. VOA Special English program. January 6, 2008. RetrievedJanuary 4, 2009.
  7. ^abcdeThe Last Frontier State, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  8. ^Alaska Division of Economic Development (December 21, 2010)."Alaska Division of Economic Development". Alaska Division of Economic Development. RetrievedJuly 30, 2011.
  9. ^Terrell, Connie (September 30, 2016)."Honor, Respect, Devotion to Duty: Coast Guard Auxiliarists Mike and Paula McDonald.". U.S. Coast Guard. Archived fromthe original on March 12, 2020. RetrievedJuly 7, 2018.
  10. ^"License Plates of American Samoa".www.worldlicenseplates.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  11. ^"American Samoa Facts". Factretriever.com. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
  12. ^abcdefghijIntroduction to Arizona, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  13. ^Ariz. HB 2549 Officially adopted by Arizona on February 14, 2011
  14. ^abcdefghIntroduction to Arkansas, US States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  15. ^Arkansas § 1-4-106 - State nickname Retrieved February 28, 2011
  16. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyGilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905)."States, Popular Names of" .New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
  17. ^"State names, flags, seals, songs, birds, flowers, and other symbols".HathiTrust. pp. 103–104 (California). RetrievedMarch 9, 2025.
  18. ^California Government Code Section 420.75 Retrieved February 28, 2011
  19. ^"State Symbols".California State Library. State of California. Archived fromthe original on January 5, 2019. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2008.
  20. ^abcd"Colorado".NetState.com. NState, LLC. RetrievedFebruary 21, 2007.
  21. ^ab"Colorado State Name and Nicknames".Colorado State Symbols & Emblems.State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives. RetrievedFebruary 21, 2007.
  22. ^"Colorado State Flower".Colorado State Symbols & Emblems.State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives. RetrievedFebruary 21, 2007.
  23. ^"Colorado Water History"(asp). Colorado Historical Society. RetrievedNovember 29, 2007.
  24. ^Denver, Colorado
  25. ^"Colorado".USAtourist.com. USATourist. Archived fromthe original on December 16, 2012. RetrievedFebruary 21, 2007.
  26. ^"Colorado Ski Country USA history". Archived fromthe original on March 16, 2014.
  27. ^Introduction to Colorado, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  28. ^Dermondy, K.C. (May 6, 2014)."Colorado's 10 Most Picturesque Mountain Towns | OutThere Colorado".OutThere Colorado. Archived fromthe original on June 30, 2018. RetrievedJune 2, 2018.This "Switzerland of America" as it's often called, sits deep in the heart of the dramatic San Juan Mountains. It's lined with grand Victorian buildings and is home to natural hot springs where you can soak up all of that scenery while relaxing in the soothing warm waters.
  29. ^Conn. Stat. Sec. 3-110a, retrieved November 4, 2013
  30. ^"WCSU - Connecticut as the Provision State".www.wcsu.edu. Archived fromthe original on April 1, 2017. RetrievedJune 3, 2017.
  31. ^abcdeIntroduction to Delaware, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  32. ^"Jewel among the states (Quotation)".Monticello.ORG. Archived fromthe original on November 17, 2015. RetrievedNovember 13, 2015.
  33. ^abcdefghijBarry Popik,Smoky City, barrypopik.com website, March 27, 2005
  34. ^Delaware Code Title 29 Section 318 retrieved on February 28, 2011
  35. ^abFarhi, Paul. (July 30, 2010).After initial obscurity, 'The DMV' nickname for Washington area picks up speed.Washington Post. Retrieved December 20, 2013.
  36. ^"Inside the Beltway".politicaldictionary.com. RetrievedFebruary 18, 2024.
  37. ^"Chocolate City | Chris Myers Asch".University of North Carolina Press.
  38. ^abcdeIntroduction to Florida, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  39. ^"Florida nicknamed 'gunshine state' for having highest number of concealed carry permits".Fox13 Tampa Bay. April 13, 2019. RetrievedApril 13, 2019.
  40. ^Gamble, Ed (January 2004)."Welcome to Florida The Plywood State".Ed Gamble Cartoon Collection. RetrievedFebruary 18, 2024.
  41. ^"Quick Facts: State Symbols".The New Georgia Encyclopedia.University of Georgia Press. Archived fromthe original on May 14, 2013. RetrievedMarch 3, 2008.
  42. ^"Folklife: Customs and Local Traditions".The New Georgia Encyclopedia.University of Georgia Press. Archived fromthe original on October 9, 2012. RetrievedMarch 3, 2008.
  43. ^"History & Archaeology: Antebellum Industrialization".The New Georgia Encyclopedia.University of Georgia Press. Archived fromthe original on April 5, 2013. RetrievedMarch 3, 2008.
  44. ^"Land & Resources: Peanuts".The New Georgia Encyclopedia.University of Georgia Press. Archived fromthe original on August 5, 2011. RetrievedMarch 3, 2008.
  45. ^abchttps://www.visittheusa.com/state/guamGuam (Visittheusa.com). Retrieved November 24, 2017.
  46. ^"License Plates of Guam".www.worldlicenseplates.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  47. ^"Driven by island heritage, Guam native serves country, community, family".Andersen Air Force Base. May 8, 2016. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  48. ^"Hawaii Revised Statutes § 5-7". Archived fromthe original on October 19, 2015. RetrievedNovember 4, 2013.
  49. ^abcdIntroduction to Hawaii, 50 States.
  50. ^"HAWAII: A RAINBOW OF CULTURAL RICHES: A world of traditions blending for centuries offers cultural activities of colorful diversity". Guidebookamerica.com. Archived fromthe original on May 27, 2013. RetrievedMay 24, 2013.
  51. ^808 State Frequently Asked Questions: Where did 808 State get their name from?Archived August 18, 2016, at theWayback Machine, 808 State Official Website.
  52. ^808 State Update, Talk Radio Hawaii
  53. ^"Nicknames: America's 50 States (Second of Four Parts)".Voice of America. VOA Special English program. January 12, 2008. RetrievedJanuary 4, 2009.
  54. ^abIntroduction to Idaho, 50 States.
  55. ^"SuperPages: Idaho History". Archived fromthe original on December 24, 2018. RetrievedMarch 21, 2008.
  56. ^"Illinois".Illinois State Symbols & Emblems. RetrievedApril 29, 2007.
  57. ^abcdIntroduction to Illinois, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  58. ^The unofficial sobriquet of theState of Indiana has given rise to the humorous constructions Hoosierana (the land of Hoosiers; see uses inIndiana Journalism Hall of FameArchived September 12, 2005, at theWayback Machine andby sports journalist Frank DeFord) and Hoosierstan (the place of Hoosiers).
  59. ^abcdIntroduction to Kentucky, 50 States.
  60. ^"State Nicknames". 50states.com. RetrievedMay 24, 2013.
  61. ^Judy Colbert,Off the Beaten Path: Maryland and Delaware, 8th ed., 2007,ISBN 978-0-7627-4418-3.
  62. ^abcdef"The State of Maryland - An Introduction to the Old Line State from". Netstate.Com. RetrievedMay 24, 2013.
  63. ^"Nicknames: America's 50 States (Third of Four Parts)".Voice of America. VOA Special English program. January 19, 2008. RetrievedJanuary 4, 2009.
  64. ^"Archives of Maryland Online".msa.maryland.gov. Archived fromthe original on July 19, 2010.
  65. ^abcIntroduction to Massachusetts, 50 States, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  66. ^Massachusetts (state, United States),Britannica Online, retrieved April 24, 2009.
  67. ^Andrew Ryan,Report: 'Taxachusetts' label remains part of Massachusetts' past,Boston Globe, April 6, 2007.
  68. ^Daniel J. Flynn,'Taxachusetts' no more?,Forbes, October 22, 2008.
  69. ^'Taxachusetts' Voters May Eliminate State Income Tax,Fox News, October 7, 2008.
  70. ^Michael D. Shear,Giuliani Backers Attack 'Taxachusetts Romney',The Washington Post, December 12, 2007.
  71. ^Slate's Chatterbox: The Myth of 'Taxachusetts',National Public Radio, October 15, 2004.
  72. ^Holland, Meegan (March 15, 2010)."Death of Michigan's only Wolverine brings up question: Why are we still the Wolverine State?". MLive. RetrievedSeptember 14, 2015.
  73. ^Stateside Staff (December 17, 2015)."When did we start calling Michigan "the Mitten State?"".Michigan Public.
  74. ^Wagner, Jeff (December 18, 2023)."Good Question: Why is Minnesota the North Star State?".CBS News. RetrievedFebruary 18, 2024.
  75. ^Jess Myers,Hockey roots run deep in Minnesota, ESPN.com, February 10, 2004
  76. ^"CAVE TOURS".Missouri State Parks. January 30, 2011. RetrievedFebruary 18, 2024.
  77. ^In Montana, a Popular Expression Is Taken Off the Endangered List New York Times, August 17, 2008; Retrieved February 28, 2011
  78. ^abcdeNancy Capace, Encyclopedia of Nebraska. Somerset Publishers, Inc., January 1, 1999, p2-3
  79. ^abcde"The State of Nebraska".NetState.com. RetrievedSeptember 2, 2022.
  80. ^"Nebraska Rev. Stat. § 90-101".The official site of the Nebraska Unicameral Legislature. RetrievedNovember 4, 2013.
  81. ^abcd"New Hampshire Almanac >Fast New Hampshire Facts".State of New Hampshire official website. RetrievedOctober 12, 2012.
  82. ^Florio, James J. (1980)."Statement of Hon. James J. Florio, First District of New Jersey, U.S. House of Representatives".Employee Protection and Community Stabilization Act of 1979, Hearing Before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-Sixth Congress, First Session on S. 1609, Camden, N.J., October 29, 1979. Washington: Government Printing Office. pp. 102–107. RetrievedJanuary 7, 2023.
  83. ^McGurty, Eileen (2006)."Chapter 2: Solid Waste Management in the 'Garbage State': New Jersey's Transformation from Landfilling to Incineration". In Maher, Neil M. (ed.).New Jersey's Environments: Past, Present, and Future. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. pp. 28–50.ISBN 9780813539225.
  84. ^New Mexico Revised Statutes, Sec. 12-3-4-N, retrieved November 4, 2013
  85. ^New Mexico Symbols, State Names, SHG Resources website, accessed July 7, 2008
  86. ^ab"North Carolina - First in Flight".www.carolana.com. RetrievedAugust 15, 2021.
  87. ^ab"The State of North Carolina - An Introduction to the Tar Heall State from NETSTATE.COM".www.netstate.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  88. ^"Why We are Called Tar Heels". UNC Libraries. Archived fromthe original on January 22, 2008. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2008.
  89. ^Variety Vacationland Postcard ExhibitArchived September 22, 2013, at theWayback Machine Retrieved February 28, 2011.
  90. ^"Guam Visitors Bureau | GVB - Official Website".www.guamvisitorsbureau.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  91. ^"License Plates of the Northern Mariana Islands".www.worldlicenseplates.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  92. ^"Northern Mariana Islands — Things to Do".www.iexplore.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  93. ^"It's official: Ohio IS the birthplace of aviation". The Cincinnati Enquirer. June 14, 2003. RetrievedApril 6, 2007.
  94. ^Elkins, Keith A. (2011).Mr. E. 2003: Manifest Lessons from Ohio's Bicentennial Celebration. iUniverse. p. 293.ISBN 9781462048922.
  95. ^"Nicknames: America's 50 States (Fourth of Four Parts)".Voice of America. VOA Special English program. January 26, 2008. RetrievedJanuary 4, 2009.
  96. ^WriterJohn Francon Williams included a mention ofOregon as being the ‘Beaver State’ in 1892 in his book:The Advanced Class-Book of Modern Geography: Physical, Political, Commercial, byWilliam Hughes andJohn Francon Williams, publ., London,George Philip & Son (1892) page 629: ‘OREGON, the ‘Beaver State,’ extends north of California to the Columbia River, which divides it from Washington.’
  97. ^"Oregon's license plate from 1960 to circa 1966". Plate Shack. RetrievedJuly 12, 2007.
  98. ^Shrunk, James F. (1870).Pennsylvania - the Quaker State: Plan of Certain Puritans of New England to Prevent Its Settlement by William Penn. Athens Gleaner.
  99. ^Elsa María Calderón."98.03.04: The Taínos of Puerto Rico: Rediscovering Borinquen". Yale.edu. Archived from the original on February 2, 2022. RetrievedMay 24, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  100. ^ab"Archives".Los Angeles Times. May 15, 1986.
  101. ^"Iodine". South Carolina Encyclopedia. April 14, 2007. Archived fromthe original on May 19, 2006. RetrievedApril 6, 2007.
  102. ^abcdeSouth Dakota Symbols, State NamesArchived June 16, 2013, at theWayback Machine, SHG Resources website, accessed July 7, 2008
  103. ^"South Dakota Laws 1-6-16.5". RetrievedNovember 4, 2013.
  104. ^abcdeTennessee Symbols and Honors, inTennessee Blue Book
  105. ^"Texas:Facts, Map, and State Symbols".EnchantedLearning.com. RetrievedMarch 9, 2008.
  106. ^"License Plates of the U.S. Virgin Islands".www.worldlicenseplates.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  107. ^"United States Geography for Kids: Virgin Islands".www.ducksters.com. RetrievedNovember 22, 2024.
  108. ^ab"NetState: Utah". RetrievedMarch 24, 2008.
  109. ^"National Historic Trails Auto Tour Interpretive Guide, Utah - Crossroads of the West"(PDF).National Park Service.
  110. ^"State it on a plate — Over the years, slogans, designs have taken some poetic license".Deseret News. Archived fromthe original on August 22, 2009. RetrievedApril 28, 2009.
  111. ^"Old Dominion – Encyclopedia Virginia".
  112. ^"Symbols of Washington State". Washington State Legislature. RetrievedAugust 16, 2012.
  113. ^Johnston, Ross B. (1926).West Virginia "the Switzerland of America" : a brief guide for tourists to some of its many scenic and historic places. Charleston, W. Va.: West Virginia Dept. of Agriculture.OCLC 9814800.
  114. ^ab"Wisconsin State SymbolsArchived 2013-10-04 at theWayback Machine" inWisconsin Blue Book 2005-2006, p. 966. Wisconsin has no Official nickname.
  115. ^Dornfeld, Margaret; Hantula, Richard (2010).Wisconsin: It's my state!. Marshall Cavendish. p. 5.ISBN 978-1-60870-062-2.
  116. ^Urdang, Laurence (1988).Names and Nicknames of Places and Things. Penguin Group USA. p. 8.ISBN 9780452009073."America's Dairyland" A nickname of Wisconsin
  117. ^Kane, Joseph Nathan; Alexander, Gerard L. (1979).Nicknames and sobriquets of U.S. cities, States, and counties. Scarecrow Press. p. 412.ISBN 9780810812550.Wisconsin - America's Dairyland, The Badger State ... The Copper State ...
  118. ^Herman, Jennifer L. (2008).Wisconsin Encyclopedia, American Guide. North American Book Dist LLC. p. 10.ISBN 9781878592613.Nicknames Wisconsin is generally known as The Badger State, The Dairy State, or America's Dairyland, although in the past it has been nicknamed The Copper State.
  119. ^Bauer, Lisa (September 30, 2019)."Noncredit course offers fascinating look at little-known World War I history in Wisconsin".University of Wisconsin Madison Continuing Studies. RetrievedJuly 16, 2024.

External links

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