It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gavethe keynote address at the2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated "there is not a liberal America and a conservative America—there is the United States of America". Obama began to run for president just three years after that speech. In response to a political controversy involving race during the primary campaign, he delivered his "A More Perfect Union" speech, which was widely seen as a critical point in the campaign.
Obama was elected to the presidency in 2008 and subsequently re-elected in 2012. Among the hundreds of speeches he has delivered since then include seven State of the Union addresses, two victory speeches,a speech to the Islamic world in Egypt early in his first term, and aspeech following the shooting of CongresswomanGabby Giffords.
On January 10, 2017,We Are The Change We Seek, a collection of Obama's greatest speeches selected and introduced by columnist E.J. Dionne and MSNBC host Joy-Ann Reid was published by Bloomsbury Publishing.[1]
2004 Democratic National Convention keynote address
Obama first met Democratic presidential candidateJohn Kerry in the spring of 2004, and was just one of several names considered for the role of keynote speaker at the party's convention that summer. After being alerted in early July that he had been chosen to deliver the address, Obama largely wrote the speech himself, with later edits from the Kerrypresidential campaign. Delivered on the second night of the DNC in just under 20 minutes, the address included both a biographical sketch of Obama, his own vision of America, and the reasons for his support of Kerry for the presidency. Unlike almost all prior and all subsequent convention keynote addresses, it was not televised by thecommercial broadcast networks, and was only seen by a combinedPBS,cable news andC-SPAN television audience of about 9 million. Since its delivery, several academics have studied the speech, both for the various narratives it describes as well as its implications for racial reconciliation.
Obama addressed the subjects ofracial tensions,white privilege, andrace and inequality in the United States, discussingblack "anger",white "resentment", and other issues as he sought to explain and contextualize Wright's controversial comments.[6] His speech closed with a plea to move beyond America's "racial stalemate" and address shared social problems.
On March 27, 2008, thePew Research Center called the speech "arguably the biggest political event of the campaign so far," noting that 85 percent of Americans said they had heard at least a little about the speech and that 54 percent said they heard a lot about it.[7]The New Yorker opined that the speech helped elect Obama as the president of the United States.[8]
Following his victory in the2008 United States presidential election,President-electBarack Obama gave his victory speech[9] atGrant Park in his home city ofChicago,[10] on November 4, 2008, before an estimated crowd of 240,000.[11][12] Viewed on television and the Internet by millions of people around the globe, Obama's speech focused on the major issues facing the United States and the world, all echoed through hiscampaign slogan of change.[13] He also mentioned his grandmother, who had died two nights earlier.
"A New Beginning" is the name of a speech delivered by United States PresidentBarack Obama on June 4, 2009, from the Major Reception Hall atCairo University in Egypt.Al-Azhar University co-hosted the event. The speech honors a promise Obama made during hispresidential campaign to give a major address to Muslims from a Muslim capital during his first few months as president.[18]
White House Press SecretaryRobert Gibbs indicated that Egypt was chosen because "it is a country that in many ways represents the heart of theArab world."[19] Egypt is considered a key player in theMiddle East peace process as well as a major recipient of American military and economic aid.Reuters reporter Ross Colvin reported that the speech would attempt to mend the United States' relations with theMuslim world, which he wrote were "severely damaged" during thepresidency of George W. Bush.[18]
September 2009 Address to a Joint Session of Congress
The theme for President Obama's speech was "Rescue, Rebuild, Restore – a New Foundation for Prosperity".[23][24] Among the topics that Obama covered in his speech were proposals for job creation andfederal deficit reduction.[25]
It honored the victims of the2011 Tucson shooting and included themes of healing and national unity. Watched by more than 30 million Americans,[28] it drew widespread praise from politicians and commentators across the political spectrum and from abroad.
The 2011State of the Union Address was a speech given by PresidentBarack Obama at 9 p.m.EST on January 25, 2011, in the chamber of theUnited States House of Representatives.[29] In this joint session Obama outlined his "vision for an America that's more determined, more competitive, better positioned for the future—an America where we out-innovate, we out-educate, we out-build the rest of the world; where we take responsibility for our deficits; where we reform our government to meet the demands of a new age."[30][31][32]
Obama delivered a speech at the White House Briefing Room on April 20, 2011. He stated that the release of his birth certificate is a settled issue saying that the American people "didn't care" nor were concerned about this. Obama blamed partisan politics and said this release is no different than any earlier release.
September 2011 Address to a Joint Session of Congress
Barack Obama's speech to the Clinton Global Initiative in 2012 took place on September 25, 2012.[36] The speech was on the subject ofhuman trafficking, whichObama referred to as "modern slavery".[37] He stated that he did not use the term "slavery" lightly, knowing that this word conjures painful memories of previous forms ofslavery in the United States.[38] In the speech, he toldhis administration to oppose human trafficking to a greater extent than the administration had done previously.[39] He also encouraged people to develop technology to combat human trafficking, and specifically put a call out to college students.[40] He also told the story of former human trafficking victimSheila White, who, in 2003, was battered next to thePort Authority of New York and New Jersey without anyone even asking her if she needed help.[41] Opening night of the human-trafficking-themedCanadian playShe Has a Name inEdmonton,Alberta coincided with Obama's speech.[42]JD Supra called it a "landmark speech [that] is reflective of the fact that human trafficking and forced labor have become key priorities" for people wishing to address thehuman rights issues that result from business operations.[43]California Against Slavery founder Daphne Phung was pleased with Obama's speech.[44] As part of the Obama administration's followup to the speech to theClinton Global Initiative, there was a 25-person discussion at theWhite House about how to eliminate human trafficking globally.[45]
On July 19, 2013, President Obama gave a speech in place of the usualWhite House daily briefing normally given byWhite House Press SecretaryJay Carney. In the 17-minute speech, President Obama spoke about public reaction to the conclusion of theGeorge Zimmerman trial,racial profiling, and the state ofrace relations in the United States.[46] The speech was widely covered on news networks, and made headlines across the country. During this speech, made six days afterGeorge Zimmerman was found not guilty, Obama said, "Trayvon Martin could have been me 35 years ago." That phrase became the most frequently quoted portion of the speech in the news cycle that followed.[46] The speech marked a major turning point for Barack Obama, who had previously shied away from addressing issues of racial tension duringhis presidency. During the remarks, President Obama spoke about the manyAfrican-Americans who have experienced racial profiling, including himself.[47]
There are very few African American men in this country who haven't had the experience of being followed when they were shopping in a department store. That includes me. There are very few African American men who haven't had the experience of walking across the street and hearing the locks click on the doors of cars. That happens to me—at least before I was a senator. There are very few African Americans who haven't had the experience of getting on an elevator and a woman clutching her purse nervously and holding her breath until she had a chance to get off. That happens often.[48]
President Obama also spoke aboutstand-your-ground laws and pondered that, if Trayvon Martin had been armed, he might possibly have legally stood his ground on the sidewalk and shot George Zimmerman because he felt threatened. Based on that ambiguity, Obama said that perhaps such laws should be examined.[46]
2013 Speech at the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool
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On August 28, 2013, the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech was commemorated by an all day event featuring various speakers including PresidentBarack Obama andJohn Lewis, the only speaker from the original rally to remain living.
2013 Address to the United Nations General Assembly
Obama spoke on March 7, 2015 to mark the 50th anniversary of theSelma to Montgomery Marches, lauded unsung heroes and everyday Americans that stood up for justice. According to leading George W. Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson, the speech "falls into the category of speeches that every child should read in school" and is cited by the Washington Post as the Obama speech which will hold up best for posterity.[49]
On May 27, 2016, Obama became the first sitting US president to visit Hiroshima, bombed by the US in 1945. He madea speech at theHiroshima Peace Park to a small audience of around 100 people, includinghibakusha (atomic bomb survivors). His speech was followed by one by Japanese prime ministerShinzō Abe.[57]
"You know, nothing truly prepares you for the demands of the Oval Office. Until you've sat at that desk, you don't know what it's like to manage a global crisis or send young people to war. ... But Hillary's been in the room. She's been part of those decisions."
—Barack Obama in the 2016 Democratic National Convention (July 27, 2016)[58]
In one of the last major speeches of his presidency, Obama strongly endorsed Clinton as the Democratic nominee for president on July 27, 2016, saying "there has never been a man or woman more qualified than Hillary Clinton. Not me, notBill, nobody!"[59] Obama contrasted his and Clinton's hopeful view of America with that of Republican nomineeDonald Trump, which he called "deeply pessimistic."[59] Obama argued that Trump was unqualified for the office, and was attempting to use fear to get elected.[60] Michael Grunwald of Politico called it a "stirring but fundamentally defensive speech."[61] Conservative bloggerErick Erickson tweeted "I disagree with the President on so much policy and his agenda, but appreciate the hope and optimism in this speech."[62] After the speech, Clinton appeared on the stage for the first time in the convention, embracing her2008 primary rival.[63]
2016 Hillary Clinton Presidential Campaign speeches
Barack Obama gave eighteen speeches on behalf of theClinton Campaign, many of which were in battleground states, such as North Carolina and New Hampshire. His last speech on behalf of the campaign was delivered at a rally atIndependence Hall inPhiladelphia on the eve of Election Day on November 7, 2016.[64]
2016 Address to the United Nations General Assembly
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Barack Obama gave a farewell speech on January 10, 2017, stating many achievements made during his presidency and thanking the American people for their hard work they had done and would continue to do.
On May 16, 2020, Obama gave a virtual commencement speech for some 27,000 students from 78historically black colleges and universities (HBCU).[65] He said, "You've got more tools, technology, and talents than my generation did. No generation has been better positioned to be warriors for justice and remake the world."[65]
^"After spending binge, White House says it will focus on deficits".Politico. November 13, 2009. RetrievedJanuary 8, 2010.President Barack Obama announced in next year's State of the Union address that he wants to focus extensively on cutting the federal deficit in 2010 – and downplayed other new domestic spending beyond jobs programs, according to top aides involved in the planning.
Baysha, Olga. "Synecdoche that kills: How Barack Obama and Vladimir Putin constructed different Ukraines for different ends."International Communication Gazette 80.3 (2018): 230-249.
Belisle, Jordan, et al. "Feasibility of contextual behavioral speech analyses of US presidents: Inaugural addresses of Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump, 1993–2017."Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science 10 (2018): 14-18.
Bostdorff, Denise M. "Obama, Trump, and reflections on the rhetoric of political change."Rhetoric & Public Affairs 20.4 (2017): 695-706.online
Degani, Marta.Framing the rhetoric of a leader: an analysis of Obama's election campaign speeches (Springer, 2015).
Gleason, Timothy R., and Sara S. Hansen. "Image control: The visual rhetoric of President Obama."Howard Journal of Communications 28.1 (2017): 55-71.online[dead link]
Hill, Theon E. "Sanitizing the struggle: Barack Obama, Selma, and civil rights memory."Communication Quarterly 65.3 (2017): 354-376.online[dead link]
Holliday, N. "'My Presiden(t) and Firs(t) Lady Were Black': Style, Context, and Coronal Stop Deletion in the Speech of Barack and Michelle Obama."American Speech: A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage (2017) 92(4), 459-486,https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-6903954
Holliday, Nicole, Jason Bishop, and Grace Kuo. "Prosody and political style: The case of Barack Obama and the L+ H* Pitch accent."Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020.online
Iversen, Stefan, and Henrik Skov Nielsen. "Invention as intervention in the rhetoric of Barack Obama."Storyworlds: A Journal of Narrative Studies 9.1-2 (2017): 121-142.
Kurtz, Jeffrey B. "'To Have Your Experience Denied... it Hurts': Barack Obama, James Baldwin, and the Politics of Black Anger."Howard Journal of Communications 28.1 (2017): 93-106.
Perry, Samuel. "Barack Obama, civil mourning, and prudence in presidential rhetoric."Howard Journal of Communications 28.2 (2017): 160-173online[dead link].
St. Onge, Jeffrey. "Neoliberalism as common sense in Barack Obama's health care rhetoric."Rhetoric Society Quarterly 47.4 (2017): 295-312.online[dead link]
Widiatmika, Putu Wahyu, I. Made Budiarsa, and I. Gde Sadia. "Rhetorical Schemes in Barack Obama's Winning Speech."Humanis 24.4: 394-401.online[permanent dead link]
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