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{{Short description|Montenegrin-Serb assassin (1922–1999)}} | {{Short description|Montenegrin-Serb assassin (1922–1999)}} | ||
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'''Blagoje Jovović''' ({{lang-sr-cyrl|Благоје Јововић}}; 25 December 1922 – 2 June 1999) was a [[Montenegrin | '''Blagoje Jovović''' ({{lang-sr-cyrl|Благоје Јововић}}; 25 December 1922 – 2 June 1999) was a [[Montenegrin Serb]]hotelownerin Argentina, who allegedly was a participant of [[World War II in Yugoslavia]] initially as a member of the [[Yugoslav Partisans|Partisan]] and later the [[Chetnik]] movement, and claimed to have shot [[Croats|Croatian]] [[Ustaše]] leader [[Ante Pavelić]]inArgentinain1957.PavelićdiedinSpainfromhisinjuries2yearslater. | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Jovović was born in Kosić near [[Danilovgrad]] in today's [[Montenegro]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=de Oca |first1=Ignacio Montes |title=Ustashas: El ejército nazi de Perón y el Vaticano |date=2013 |publisher=Penguin Random House |isbn=978-9-50074-520-8 |page=159 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FZTeAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT159}}</ref> During World War II, he initially fought for the [[Yugoslav Partisans]] and then the [[Chetniks]],<ref name="Tokić">{{cite book |last1=Tokić |first1=Mate Nikola |title=Croatian Radical Separatism and Diaspora Terrorism During the Cold War |date=2020 |publisher=Purdue University Press |isbn=978-1-55753-892-5 |pages= | Jovović was born in Kosić near [[Danilovgrad]] in today's [[Montenegro]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=de Oca |first1=Ignacio Montes |title=Ustashas: El ejército nazi de Perón y el Vaticano |date=2013 |publisher=Penguin Random House |isbn=978-9-50074-520-8 |page=159 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FZTeAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT159}}</ref> During World War II, he initially fought for the [[Yugoslav Partisans]] and then the [[Chetniks]],<ref name="Tokić">{{cite book |last1=Tokić |first1=Mate Nikola |title=Croatian Radical Separatism and Diaspora Terrorism During the Cold War |date=2020 |publisher=Purdue University Press |isbn=978-1-55753-892-5 |pages=92–93 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qi7eDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT92}}</ref> as a member of the Bjelopavlić Chetnik brigade.<ref name="N1">{{cite news |title=Belgrade honours Montenegrin Chetnic for trying to kill head of Croatian Ustashi |url=https://n1info.rs/english/news/a624956-belgrade-honours-montenegos-chetnic-for-trying-to-kill-head-of-croatias-ustasha/ |work=N1 Belgrade |date=30 July 2020}}</ref> | ||
=== World War II === | === World War II === | ||
At the time when World War II started, he was serving in [[Strumica]], near the Yugoslav border with [[Greece]]. When war broke out, Jovović reportedly returned to his birthplace, Kosić in [[Bjelopavlići]].<ref name="RTS">{{cite news |last1=Kostić |first1=Stefan |title=Blagoje Jovović, čovek koji je upucao Antu Pavelića |trans-title=Blagoje Jovović, the man who shot Ante Pavelić |url=https://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/drustvo/3833677/blagoje-jovovic-ante-pavelic-argentina.html |work=Radio Television of Serbia |date=31 January 2020}}</ref> In July of 1941, he took part in an [[Uprising in Montenegro (1941)|antifascist uprising]] against [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943)|Italy]] and later participated in the [[battle of Pljevlja]] as a member of the Partisans.<ref name="RTS" /> He later switched allegiances and fought for the [[Chetniks]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dalje.com/en-world/the-secret-of-the-assassination-of-ante-pavelic/241081|title=The Secret of the Assassination of Ante Pavelic|last1=Zlatar|first1=Pero|date=9 March 2009|website | At the time when World War II started, he was serving in [[Strumica]], near the Yugoslav border with [[Greece]]. When war broke out, Jovović reportedly returned to his birthplace, Kosić in [[Bjelopavlići]].<ref name="RTS">{{cite news |last1=Kostić |first1=Stefan |title=Blagoje Jovović, čovek koji je upucao Antu Pavelića |trans-title=Blagoje Jovović, the man who shot Ante Pavelić |url=https://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/drustvo/3833677/blagoje-jovovic-ante-pavelic-argentina.html |work=Radio Television of Serbia |date=31 January 2020}}</ref> In July of 1941, he took part in an [[Uprising in Montenegro (1941)|antifascist uprising]] against [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943)|Italy]] and later participated in the [[battle of Pljevlja]] as a member of the Partisans.<ref name="RTS" /> He later switched allegiances and fought for the [[Chetniks]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dalje.com/en-world/the-secret-of-the-assassination-of-ante-pavelic/241081|title=The Secret of the Assassination of Ante Pavelic|last1=Zlatar|first1=Pero|date=9 March 2009|website=dalje.com|accessdate=24 June 2014|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140624012630/http://dalje.com/en-world/the-secret-of-the-assassination-of-ante-pavelic/241081|archive-date=2014-06-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> under the command of [[Bajo Stanišić]]. | ||
In September of 1944, he was part of the delegation led by [[Dušan Vlahović (Chetnik)|Dušan Vlahović]] and [[Jakov Jovović]], the latter being a naval officer of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. They were sent from [[Kotor]] across the [[Adriatic Sea]] to [[Taranto]] to negotiate with the British.<ref name="Zlojutro">{{cite web |last1=Zlojutro |first1=Darko |title=ANTE JE NALETEO NA ČETNIKA BLAGOJA, ČUO SE PUCANJ I PAVELIĆ JE PAO! Ustaški zlikovac smrtno je ranjen na dan NDH! |url=https://www.espreso.rs/svet/hrvatska/373607/ante-je-naleteo-na-cetnika-blagoja-cuo-se-pucanj-i-pavelic-je-pao-ustaski-zlikovac-smrtno-je-ranjen-na-dan-ndh |website=espreso.rs |date=10 April 2019}}</ref> There they were informed about the [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] change of support in favour of [[Yugoslav Partisans|Tito's Partisans]] as a result of the agreement with [[Joseph Stalin]] at the [[Tehran Conference]] and they stayed in Italy until the remainder of the war.<ref name="Zlojutro" /> Jovović spent his time in Italy in several refugee camps. For a brief period, he worked in the Secret Intelligence Service of Britain. On one such occasion, he met [[Randolph Churchill]], of whom he reportedly did not hold a very high opinion.<ref name="Burzanović">{{cite book |last1=Burzanović |first1=Tiho-Tihomir |title=Dva metka za Pavelica |date=1998 |publisher=Kulturni centar Sveti Sava}}</ref> In 1948, Jovović emigrated to [[Argentina]] with the help of Jakov Jovović.<ref name="RTS" /> | In September of 1944, he was part of the delegation led by [[Dušan Vlahović (Chetnik)|Dušan Vlahović]] and [[Jakov Jovović]], the latter being a naval officer of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. They were sent from [[Kotor]] across the [[Adriatic Sea]] to [[Taranto]] to negotiate with the British.<ref name="Zlojutro">{{cite web |last1=Zlojutro |first1=Darko |title=ANTE JE NALETEO NA ČETNIKA BLAGOJA, ČUO SE PUCANJ I PAVELIĆ JE PAO! Ustaški zlikovac smrtno je ranjen na dan NDH! |url=https://www.espreso.rs/svet/hrvatska/373607/ante-je-naleteo-na-cetnika-blagoja-cuo-se-pucanj-i-pavelic-je-pao-ustaski-zlikovac-smrtno-je-ranjen-na-dan-ndh |website=espreso.rs |date=10 April 2019}}</ref> There they were informed about the [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] change of support in favour of [[Yugoslav Partisans|Tito's Partisans]] as a result of the agreement with [[Joseph Stalin]] at the [[Tehran Conference]] and they stayed in Italy until the remainder of the war.<ref name="Zlojutro" /> Jovović spent his time in Italy in several refugee camps. For a brief period, he worked in the Secret Intelligence Service of Britain. On one such occasion, he met [[Randolph Churchill]], of whom he reportedly did not hold a very high opinion.<ref name="Burzanović">{{cite book |last1=Burzanović |first1=Tiho-Tihomir |title=Dva metka za Pavelica |date=1998 |publisher=Kulturni centar Sveti Sava}}</ref> In 1948, Jovović emigrated to [[Argentina]] with the help of Jakov Jovović.<ref name="RTS" /> | ||
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Pavelić required hospitalization following the attempt. As he recovered, the government of Argentina reached an agreement with Yugoslavia to extradite Pavelić.<ref name="Zander">{{cite book |last1=Zander |first1=Patrick G. |title=Fascism through History: Culture, Ideology, and Daily Life [2 volumes] |date=2020 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-44086-194-9 |page=362 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aBAFEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA362}}</ref> As a result, he fled to Chile before landing in [[Francisco Franco]]'s Spain.<ref name="Zander" /> He died on 28 December 1959 in [[Madrid]], [[Francoist Spain]] from complications as a result of the wounds.<ref name="Zander" /><ref>{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Bernd Jürgen |title=Balkan Strongmen: Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe |date=2007 |publisher=Purdue University Press |isbn=978-1-55753-455-2 |page=211 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qMZaPjrHqYYC&pg=PA211}}</ref> | Pavelić required hospitalization following the attempt. As he recovered, the government of Argentina reached an agreement with Yugoslavia to extradite Pavelić.<ref name="Zander">{{cite book |last1=Zander |first1=Patrick G. |title=Fascism through History: Culture, Ideology, and Daily Life [2 volumes] |date=2020 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-44086-194-9 |page=362 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aBAFEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA362}}</ref> As a result, he fled to Chile before landing in [[Francisco Franco]]'s Spain.<ref name="Zander" /> He died on 28 December 1959 in [[Madrid]], [[Francoist Spain]] from complications as a result of the wounds.<ref name="Zander" /><ref>{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Bernd Jürgen |title=Balkan Strongmen: Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe |date=2007 |publisher=Purdue University Press |isbn=978-1-55753-455-2 |page=211 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qMZaPjrHqYYC&pg=PA211}}</ref> | ||
By Jovović's own account, he acted on his own, independent of the Yugoslav or any other secret services.<ref name="Tokić" /> | By Jovović's own account, he acted on his own, independent of the Yugoslav or any other secret services.<ref name="Tokić" />Some Croat émigrés believed that the Yugoslav state was behind the assassination attempt.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nielsen |first1=Christian Axboe |title=Yugoslavia and Political Assassinations: The History and Legacy ofTito's Campaign Against the Emigrés |date=2020 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78831-686-6 |page=286 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WcQAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT286}}</ref> Jovović stated that he wanted to kill Pavelić in order to "avenge [[Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia|Serbian victims]]" from the "greatest butcher of Serbs".<ref name="Tokić" /> | ||
=== Final years === | === Final years === | ||
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Blagoje Jovović | |
|---|---|
 Blagoje Jovović | |
| Born | (1922-12-25)25 December 1922 |
| Died | 2 June 1999(1999-06-02) (aged 76) |
| Occupation(s) | Military officer, hotel owner |
| Known for | Assassination ofAnte Pavelić |
Blagoje Jovović (Serbian Cyrillic:Благоје Јововић; 25 December 1922 – 2 June 1999) was aMontenegrin Serb hotel owner in Argentina, who allegedly was a participant ofWorld War II in Yugoslavia initially as a member of thePartisan and later theChetnik movement, and claimed to have shotCroatianUstaše leaderAnte Pavelić in Argentina in 1957. Pavelić died in Spain from his injuries 2 years later.
Jovović was born in Kosić nearDanilovgrad in today'sMontenegro.[1] During World War II, he initially fought for theYugoslav Partisans and then theChetniks,[2] as a member of the Bjelopavlić Chetnik brigade.[3]
At the time when World War II started, he was serving inStrumica, near the Yugoslav border withGreece. When war broke out, Jovović reportedly returned to his birthplace, Kosić inBjelopavlići.[4] In July of 1941, he took part in anantifascist uprising againstItaly and later participated in thebattle of Pljevlja as a member of the Partisans.[4] He later switched allegiances and fought for theChetniks,[5] under the command ofBajo Stanišić.
In September of 1944, he was part of the delegation led byDušan Vlahović andJakov Jovović, the latter being a naval officer of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. They were sent fromKotor across theAdriatic Sea toTaranto to negotiate with the British.[6] There they were informed about theAllied change of support in favour ofTito's Partisans as a result of the agreement withJoseph Stalin at theTehran Conference and they stayed in Italy until the remainder of the war.[6] Jovović spent his time in Italy in several refugee camps. For a brief period, he worked in the Secret Intelligence Service of Britain. On one such occasion, he metRandolph Churchill, of whom he reportedly did not hold a very high opinion.[7] In 1948, Jovović emigrated toArgentina with the help of Jakov Jovović.[4]
In Argentina, Jovović was known as the founder of theSerbian Orthodox community “Saint Sava”, and one of the founders of the Organisation of Fighters “Draža Mihailović” as well as the member of the Board of the “Njegoš” association.[8] While living inArgentina and running a successful hotel enterprise that he owned, he received tips about Pavelić's whereabouts in Argentina. In the assassination attempt, Jovović received assistance from several people including Jakov Jovović and Milo Krivokapić, an associate of Blagoje.[4]
The assassination was scheduled to take place on 9 April 1957, on the eve of theIndependent State of Croatia's anniversary celebration, but they decided to delay the attack by a day.[7] On 10 April at 21:00, 16 years after the founding of the Independent State of Croatia, Pavelić suspected someone was following him as he walked down a street, so he turned back and fired several shots towards Jovović, who started running after Pavelić and fired five shots, two of which hit Pavelić who then, according to Jovović, staggered, bent and begged for mercy.[7] There are however, differing versions of how the attempted assassination unfolded.[4]
Jovović described the assassination attempt in the following excerpt from the bookTwo Bullets for Pavelić („Два метка за Павелића”) by Tihomir-Tiho Burzanović:[7][page needed]
I went after him, walking fast, nearly running. I got close, I was seven or eight meters from him. Pavelić sensed my presence, turned around and started shouting, 'Fuck your Serbian-Jewish communist mother!' I heard a shot, but couldn't see where it had come from. I didn't stop. I kept running straight towards him. Once I was two to three meters away from him, I started shooting. Once. Twice. I shot him in the back, as he was running away. Two bullets hit him and he fell. He dropped his briefcase and lay motionless. I was cautious. He might have been pretending to be dead. I started thinking that maybe it would be best to keep him alive and make him face a trial. I thought about beating him. Then I looked at his briefcase and thought of taking his documents. But, I thought, if there is any money in there and I get caught, I'd be labelled a thief and it may appear as if I had killed him just for the money. I decided to leave him and his briefcase as they were. Someone started shouting and shooting in my direction. I turned around and took three shots and started to run around the buildings on a semicircular street. Some people stepped out and asked me what had happened. Breathless, I responded, 'Look at those drunk fools, they're shooting at people for no reason!' I hid the gun in my pocket. I left one bullet for myself, just in case.
Pavelić required hospitalization following the attempt. As he recovered, the government of Argentina reached an agreement with Yugoslavia to extradite Pavelić.[9] As a result, he fled to Chile before landing inFrancisco Franco's Spain.[9] He died on 28 December 1959 inMadrid,Francoist Spain from complications as a result of the wounds.[9][10]
By Jovović's own account, he acted on his own, independent of the Yugoslav or any other secret services.[2] Some Croat émigrés believed that the Yugoslav state was behind the assassination attempt.[11] Jovović stated that he wanted to kill Pavelić in order to "avengeSerbian victims" from the "greatest butcher of Serbs".[2]
In 1999, Jovović visitedYugoslavia for the first time since he left and visitedOstrog, where he metMetropolitan Amfilohije. It was there that he first publicly confessed that he was the person responsible for the attempted assassination of Ante Pavelić.[3] Jovović died on 2 June 1999 inRosario,Argentina.[12]
In 2020, a street in Belgrade was renamed after Blagoje Jovović. A memorial plaque was also installed.[13]
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