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Soyuz TM-28

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1998 Russian crewed spaceflight to Mir

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Soyuz TM-28
Spacecraft properties

Operator	Rosaviakosmos
COSPAR ID	1998-047A
SATCAT no.	25429
Mission duration	198 days, 16 hours, 31 minutes, 19 seconds
Orbits completed	3,144


Spacecraft type	Soyuz-TM
Manufacturer	RKK Energia


Crew
Crew size	3 up 2 down
Members	Gennady I. Padalka
Launching	Sergei Avdeyev Yuri Baturin
Landing	Ivan Bella
Callsign	Альтаи́р (Altair)


Start of mission
Launch date	August 13, 1998, 09:43:11 (1998-08-13UTC09:43:11Z) UTC^[1]
Rocket	Soyuz-U


End of mission
Landing date	February 28, 1999, 02:14:30 (1999-02-28UTC02:14:31Z) UTC
Landing site	50°42′N67°12′E / 50.700°N 67.200°E /50.700; 67.200 100 kilometres (62 mi) south ofKijma


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	190 kilometres (120 mi)
Apogee altitude	273.7 kilometres (170.1 mi)
Inclination	51.64 degrees
Period	88.5 minutes


Docking withMir

Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) ← Soyuz TM-27 Soyuz TM-29 →

TM-28 was aSoyuz mission to theMir space station.^[2]

Crew

[edit]


Position	Launching crew	Landing crew
Commander	Gennady I. Padalka First spaceflight
Flight Engineer	Sergei Avdeyev Third and last spaceflight	None
Research Cosmonaut	Yuri Baturin First spaceflight	Ivan Bella Only spaceflight

Mission Accomplishments

[edit]

Docked withMir.
Baturin became the firstRussian politician in space.
Padalka and Avdeyev performed anEVA on 15.09.1998 (30 m) into the moduleSpektr (new cables connected for solar structures).

Notes

[edit]

Padalka and Avdeyev became 26th resident crew of Mir.
Baturin landed on August 25, 1998 (5:22 UT) withSoyuz TM-27.
Avdeyev landed on August 28, 1999 (0:41 UT) withSoyuz TM-29.

References

[edit]

^Williams, David R."Soyuz-TM 28".NSSDCA Master Catalog.NASA.Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved25 April 2021.
^Zak, Anatoly."Mir operations in 1998".Russian Space Web.Archived from the original on 25 April 2021. Retrieved25 April 2021.

Soyuz programme

Main topics

Past missions
(by spacecraft type)

Soyuz 7K-OK (1966–1970)	Kosmos 133† Soyuz 7K-OK No.1†(uncrewed) Kosmos 140 Soyuz 1† Kosmos 186 188 212 213 238 Soyuz 2 (uncrewed) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Soyuz 7K-L1 (1967–1970) (Zond lunar programme)	Kosmos 146 154† Zond 1967A† 1967B† Zond 4 1968A† 1968B† 5 6 1969A† Zond-M 1† M 2† Zond 7 8 9 10
Soyuz 7K-L1E (1969–1970)	Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1† Kosmos 382
Soyuz 7K-LOK (1971–1972)	Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1† No.2†
Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971)	Soyuz 10† 11†
Soyuz 7K-T (1972–1981)	Kosmos 496 573 Soyuz 12 Kosmos 613 Soyuz 13 Kosmos 656 Soyuz 14 15† 17 18a† 18 20 (uncrewed) 21 23† 24 25† 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (uncrewed landing) 33† 34 (uncrewed launch) 35 36 37 38 39 40
Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976)	Kosmos 638 672 Soyuz 16 19 (Apollo–Soyuz) 22
Soyuz 7K-S (1974–1976)	Kosmos 670 772† 869†
Soyuz-T (1978–1986)	Kosmos 1001† 1074 Soyuz T-1 (uncrewed) T-2 T-3 T-4 T-5 T-6 T-7 T-8† T-9 T-10a† T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 T-14 T-15
Soyuz-TM (1986–2002)	Soyuz TM-1 (uncrewed) TM-2 TM-3 TM-4 TM-5 TM-6 TM-7 TM-8 TM-9 TM-10 TM-11 TM-12 TM-13 TM-14 TM-15 TM-16 TM-17 TM-18 TM-19 TM-20 TM-21 TM-22 TM-23 TM-24 TM-25 TM-26 TM-27 TM-28 TM-29 TM-30 TM-31 TM-32 TM-33 TM-34
Soyuz-TMA (2002–2012)	Soyuz TMA-1 TMA-2 TMA-3 TMA-4 TMA-5 TMA-6 TMA-7 TMA-8 TMA-9 TMA-10 TMA-11 TMA-12 TMA-13 TMA-14 TMA-15 TMA-16 TMA-17 TMA-18 TMA-19 TMA-20 TMA-21 TMA-22
Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2016)	Soyuz TMA-01M TMA-02M TMA-03M TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M TMA-16M TMA-17M TMA-18M TMA-19M TMA-20M
Soyuz MS (2016–present)	Soyuz MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05 MS-06 MS-07 MS-08 MS-09 MS-10† MS-11 MS-12 MS-13 MS-14 (uncrewed) MS-15 MS-16 MS-17 MS-18 MS-19 MS-20 MS-21 MS-22 (uncrewed landing) MS-23 (uncrewed launch) MS-24 MS-25 MS-26

Current missions

MS-27

Future missions

2025
- MS-28
2026
- MS-29
2027
- MS-30
- MS-31

Uncrewed missions are designated asKosmos instead ofSoyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions.Italics designates cancelled missions.

v t e Human spaceflights toMir
1986–1990	Soyuz T-15 Soyuz TM-2 Soyuz TM-3 Soyuz TM-4 Soyuz TM-5 Soyuz TM-6 Soyuz TM-7 Soyuz TM-8 Soyuz TM-9 Soyuz TM-10 Soyuz TM-11
1991–1995	Soyuz TM-12 Soyuz TM-13 Soyuz TM-14 Soyuz TM-15 Soyuz TM-16 Soyuz TM-17 Soyuz TM-18 Soyuz TM-19 Soyuz TM-20 STS-63 Soyuz TM-21 STS-71 Soyuz TM-22 STS-74
1996–2000	Soyuz TM-23 STS-76 Soyuz TM-24 STS-79 STS-81 Soyuz TM-25 STS-84 Soyuz TM-26 STS-86 STS-89 Soyuz TM-27 STS-91 Soyuz TM-28 Soyuz TM-29 Soyuz TM-30

v t e ← 1997 Orbital launches in1998 1999 →
Lunar Prospector Skynet 4D Ofek-4 STS-89 Soyuz TM-27 USA-137 Brasilsat B3 Inmarsat-3 F5 Orbcomm FM3 Orbcomm FM4 GFO Ad Astra Globalstar 1 Globalstar 2 Globalstar 3 Globalstar 4 Kosmos 2349 Iridium 50 Iridium 52 Iridium 53 Iridium 54 Iridium 56 Kakehashi SNOE Teledesic 1 Hot Bird 4 Intelsat 806 Progress M-38 (VDU-2) USA-138 SPOT 4 Iridium 51 Iridium 61 Iridium 55 Iridium 57 Iridium 58 Iridium 59 Iridium 60 TRACE Iridium 62 Iridium 63 Iridium 64 Iridium 65 Iridium 66 Iridium 67 Iridium 68 STS-90 Globalstar 6 Globalstar 8 Globalstar 14 Globalstar 15 Nilesat 101 BSat-1B Kosmos 2350 Iridium 69 Iridium 71 Kosmos 2351 EchoStar IV USA-139 NOAA-15 Progress M-39 Iridium 70 Iridium 72 Iridium 73 Iridium 74 Iridium 75 Zhongwei 1 STS-91 Thor 3 Kosmos 2352 Kosmos 2353 Kosmos 2354 Kosmos 2355 Kosmos 2356 Kosmos 2357 Intelsat 805 Kosmos 2358 Kosmos 2359 Molniya 3-49 Nozomi Shtil-1 Tubsat-N Tubsat-N1 Resurs-O1 #4 Fasat-Bravo TMSAT Gurwin Techsat 1B WESTPAC SAFIR-2 Sinosat-1 Kosmos 2360 Orbcomm FM13 Orbcomm FM14 Orbcomm FM15 Orbcomm FM16 Orbcomm FM17 Orbcomm FM18 Orbcomm FM19 Orbcomm FM20 Mercury 3 Soyuz TM-28 Iridium 3 Iridium 76 ST-1 Galaxy 10 Astra 2A Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 Iridium 79 Iridium 80 Iridium 81 Iridium 82 Globalstar 5 Globalstar 7 Globalstar 9 Globalstar 10 Globalstar 11 Globalstar 12 Globalstar 13 Globalstar 16 Globalstar 17 Globalstar 18 Globalstar 20 Globalstar 21 PAS-7 Orbcomm FM21 Orbcomm FM22 Orbcomm FM23 Orbcomm FM24 Orbcomm FM25 Orbcomm FM26 Orbcomm FM27 Orbcomm FM28 Molniya-1T #99 STEX (USA-141) Eutelsat W2 Sirius 3 Hot Bird 5 USA-140 Maqsat 3 Deep Space 1 SEDSAT-1 Progress M-40 (Sputnik 41) AfriStar GE-5 STS-95 (SPARTAN-201,PANSAT) PAS-8 Iridium 2 Iridium 83 Iridium 84 Iridium 85 Iridium 86 Zarya /ISS Bonum 1 STS-88 (Unity,PMA-1 PMA-2 SAC-A MightySat-1 Satmex 5 SWAS Nadezhda 5 Astrid 2 Mars Climate Orbiter Iridium 11 Iridium 20 PAS-6B Kosmos 2361 Kosmos 2362 Kosmos 2363 Kosmos 2364
Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( \| ). Crewed flights are indicated inunderline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed initalics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).

← 1997

Orbital launches in1998

1999 →

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated inunderline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed initalics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).

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