 Soyuz MS-28 shortly after it was rolled out to the launch site | |
| Names | ISS 74S |
|---|---|
| Mission type | ISS crew transport |
| Operator | Roscosmos |
| Mission duration | 12 hours and 39 minutes (in progress) 240 days(planned) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz MS-28 No. 753[1] |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz MS |
| Manufacturer | Energia |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 3 |
| Members | |
| Callsign | Gyrfalcon[2] |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 27 November 2025, 09:27:57 UTC (14:27:57 AQTT)[2] |
| Rocket | Soyuz-2.1a |
| Launch site | Baikonur,Site 31/6 |
| Contractor | RKTs Progress |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 26 July 2026(planned)[3] |
| Landing site | Kazakh Steppe, Kazakhstan |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Inclination | 51.66° |
| Docking withISS | |
| Docking port | Rassvet nadir |
| Docking date | 27 November 2025, 12:34 UTC |
| Undocking date | 26 July 2026(planned) |
| Time docked | 9 hours and 33 minutes (in progress) |
 Mission insignia .jpg) From left:Williams,Kud-Sverchkov andMikayev | |
Soyuz MS-28 is a Russian crewedSoyuz spaceflight to launch fromSite 31/6 at theBaikonur Cosmodrome no earlier than 27 November 2025 to theInternational Space Station.
The mission was initially scheduled to useSoyuz MS vehicle No. 759, which was next in line for assembly atEnergia's factory inKorolyov. During post-production testing, the spacecraft reportedly sustained major damage to itsheat shield that could not be repaired in time for the planned launch at the end of 2025. Reports suggested that the shield was either detached when itspyrotechnic bolts were inadvertently triggered (similar to the procedure that occurs shortly before landing) or that its thermal layers delaminated during a poorly executed test. As of October 2025,Roscosmos had not acknowledged the incident, but photographs released from the Baikonur Cosmodrome showed that Soyuz MS vehicle No. 753 was being prepared for flight.[1]
Vehicle No. 753, along with No. 752, had originally been allocated for prospective commercial missions. Vehicle No. 752 was used for theSoyuz MS-20 space tourism flight, but followingRussia's invasion of Ukraine, commercial contracts with the Russian space program were cancelled. As a result, No. 753 was reassigned to regular International Space Station operations. The substitution also allowed Roscosmos to utilize the older spacecraft before its onboard systems exceeded their certified service life.[1]
Preparations for launch began in early October 2025 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, including testing of the spacecraft'sKurs rendezvous system, leak checks in a vacuum chamber, and verification of propulsion, guidance, and communications systems.[1]
TheSoyuz-2.1a launch vehicle and payload fairing for the mission arrived by rail at Baikonur on 22 October 2025.[1]
The mission launched successfully and the occupants reached the ISS safely, but the Site 31 launch complex appeared to suffer substantial damage, with the service cabin that sits below the pad apparently collapsed into the complex’s flame trench.[4][5]
The mission was slated to be the first to launch after the termination of a NASA/Roscosmos barter agreement, where one Russian cosmonaut flies on a NASA spacecraft in exchange for one NASA astronaut flying on a Soyuz. Consequently, as of 2024[update], this mission was scheduled to transport three Russian cosmonauts. However, NASA and Roscosmos were negotiating to extend their seat exchange program beyond 2025,[6] and in April 2025, NASA announced thatChristopher Williams had been assigned to the crew.[7]
| Position[8] | Crew | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Sergey Kud-Sverchkov,Roscosmos Expedition 73/74 Second spaceflight | |
| Flight engineer | Sergey Mikayev, Roscosmos Expedition 73/74 First spaceflight | |
| Flight engineer | Christopher Williams,NASA Expedition 73/74 First spaceflight | |
| Position[8] | Crew | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Pyotr Dubrov, Roscosmos | |
| Flight engineer | Anna Kikina, Roscosmos | |
| Flight engineer | Anil Menon, NASA | |
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